Daniel Francois Esprit Auber |

Daniel Auber

Ober "Fra Diavolo". Young Agnes (N. Finer)

Xubin ka tirsan Machadka Faransiiska (1829). Ilmo ahaan, wuxuu ciyaaray violin, oo ka kooban jacayl (waa la daabacay). Isagoo ka soo horjeeda rabitaanka waalidkii, kuwaas oo u diyaariyey xirfad ganacsi, wuxuu naftiisa u huray muusikada. Waayo-aragnimadiisii ​​ugu horreysay, ee weli hiwaayad u leh, waayo-aragnimada muusiga masraxa waxay ahayd opera majaajillada Iulia (1811), oo uu ansixiyay L. Cherubini (hooskiisa jihada, Aubert ayaa markaa ka dib bartay halabuurka).

Ruwaayadii ugu horeysay ee Aubert ee majaajilada ah, Askarta Nasashada (1813) iyo Axdiga (1819), ma helin aqoonsi. Caannimada ayaa u keentay masraxa majaajillada ah ee Shepherdess - milkiilaha qalcadda (1820). Laga soo bilaabo 20-kii. Aubert waxa uu wada shaqayn midho-dhal leh oo wakhti dheer ah la bilaabay riwaayad-yaqaan E. Scribe, oo ah qoraaga libretto ee inta badan hawl-wadeenadiisa (kuwa ugu horreeyaa waxa ay ahaayeen Leicester iyo Snow).

Bilowgii xirfadiisa, Aubert waxaa saameyn ku yeeshay G. Rossini iyo A. Boildieu, laakiin horeyba riwaayadda majaajilada ee Mason (1825) waxay ka markhaati kacaysaa madaxbannaanida hal-abuurka iyo asalka curiyaha. Sannadkii 1828-kii, opera The Mute from Portici (Fenella, lib. Scribe iyo J. Delavigne), oo caannimadiisa aasaasay, ayaa lagu soo bandhigay guul guul leh. 1842-71 Aubert wuxuu ahaa agaasimaha Paris Conservatoire, laga bilaabo 1857 wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa laxamiista maxkamada.

Ober, oo ay weheliso J. Meyerbeer, waa mid ka mid ah hal-abuurayaasha nooca opera-ga weyn. Opera The Mute from Portici ayaa iska leh noocaan. Qorsheheeda - kacdoonkii kalluumaysatada Neapolitan ee 1647 ee ka dhanka ahaa addoonsiga Isbaanishka - waxay u dhigantaa niyadda dadweynaha habeenkii kacaankii Luulyo 1830 ee Faransiiska. Iyada oo jihaynteeda, opera waxay ka jawaabtay baahida dhagaystayaasha horumarsan, mararka qaarkoodna waxay keentay bandhigyo kacaan ah (muujinta waddaniyadda ee bandhigga 1830 ee Brussels waxay u adeegtay bilawga kacdoonkii horseeday xoraynta Belgium ee xukunka Holland). Ruushka, waxqabadka opera ee Ruushka waxaa oggolaaday faafreebka tsarist kaliya hoostiisa cinwaanka The Palermo Bandits (1857).

Tani waa opera ugu horeysay ee weyn oo ku salaysan sheeko dhab ah oo taariikhi ah, kuwaas oo jilayaasha kuwaas oo aan geesiyaal qadiimiga ah, laakiin dadka caadiga ah. Aubert waxa uu dulucda geesinimada leh u turjumayaa sida laxanka leh ee heesaha dhaqanka, qoob ka ciyaarka, iyo sidoo kale heesaha dagaalka iyo socodkii Kacaankii Faransiiska ee weynaa. opera waxay isticmaashaa farsamooyinka isbarbardhiga riwaayadaha, hobolada tiro badan, hiddaha guud iyo muuqaalada geesinimada leh (Suuqa, kacdoonka), xaaladaha melodramatic (goobta waalida). Doorka halyeyga waxa loo igmaday ballerina, taas oo u oggolaatay curiyaha in uu ku buuxiyo buundada qaybaha orkestral si maldahan u muujinaya ee la socda masraxa Fenella, oo soo bandhigo walxaha ballet wax ku ool ah opera-ka. Opera The Mute from Portici waxay saamayn ku yeelatay horumarka dheeraadka ah ee opera-heeseedka iyo jacaylka.

Aubert waa wakiilka ugu weyn ee opera majaajilada Faransiiska. Opera Diavolo (1830) wuxuu calaamadeeyay marxalad cusub oo taariikhda noocaan ah. Waxaa ka mid ah masraxyada majaajilada badan: "Faraska Bronze" (1835), "Black Domino" (1837), "Diamonds of the Crown" (1841). Aubert wuxuu ku tiirsanaa caadooyinka sayidyada majaajilada Faransiiska ee qarnigii 18-aad. (FA Philidor, PA Monsigny, AEM Gretry), iyo sidoo kale Boildieu casriga ah ee ka weyn, ayaa wax badan ka bartay farshaxanka Rossini.

Isaga oo la kaashanaya Scribe, Aubert waxa uu abuuray nooc cusub oo ka mid ah noocyada opera-ga majaajilada ah, kaas oo lagu garto xamaasad iyo xamaasad, mararka qaarkood sheeko-sheeko, si dabiici ah oo degdeg ah u horumaraya ficil, oo ay ka buuxaan xaalado cajiib ah, ciyaar-ciyaar ah, mararka qaarkoodna aad u qurux badan.

Muusiga Aubert waa mid caqli badan, si xasaasi ah u milicsanaya majaajiliiste ficil ah, oo ay ka buuxaan iftiin qurux badan, nimco, madadaalo iyo dhalaal. Waxay ka kooban tahay hindisaha muusikada maalinlaha ah ee Faransiiska (heesaha iyo qoob ka ciyaarka). Dhibcihiisa waxaa lagu asteeyay hees cusub iyo kala duwanaansho laxan, fiiqan, qaafiyad mug leh, iyo orchestrations firfircoon inta badan. Aubert waxa uu isticmaalay noocyo kala duwan oo kacsi iyo heeso ah, waxa uu si hufan u soo bandhigay koox-kooxeedyo iyo heeso, kuwaas oo uu u fasiray qaab ciyaareed, hab wax ku ool ah, isaga oo abuuray muuqaalo noole ah, midabyo kala duwan leh. Bacriminta hal abuurka ah ayaa lagu daray Aubert oo leh hadiyado kala duwan iyo wax cusub. AN Serov ayaa siisay qiimeyn sare, sharaxaad cad oo laxamiistaha ah. Opera Opera-yada ugu wanaagsan Aubert ayaa sii xajistay caannimadooda.

EF Bronfin

Halabuurka:

riwaayado - Julia (Julie, 1811, masrax gaar ah oo ku yaal qalcaddii Chime), Jean de Couvain (Jean de Couvain, 1812, ibid.), Milateriga nasashada (Le séjour militaire, 1813, Tiyaatarka Feydeau, Paris), Axdiga, ama qoraallada jacaylka (Le testament ou Les billets doux, 1819, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris), Shepherdess - milkiilaha qalcaddii (La bergère châtelaine, 1820, ibid.), Emma, ​​ama ballan taxaddar la'aan ah (Emma ou La). promesse imprudente, 1821, ibid. isla), Leicester (1823, ibid.), Snow (La neige, 1823, ibid.), Vendôme ee Spain (Vendôme en Espagne, oo ay weheliyaan P. Herold, 1823, King's Academy of Music iyo Qoob ka ciyaarka, Paris) , Bandhiga Maxkamada (Le concert à la cour, ou La débutante, 1824, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris), Leocadia (Léocadie, 1824, ibid.), Bricklayer (Le maçon, 1825, ibid.), xishood Le timide , ou Le nouveau séducteur, 1825, ibid.), Fiorella (Fiorella, 1825, ibid.), Mute from Portici (La muette de Portici, 1828, King's Academy of Music and Dance, Paris), Aroos (La guursaday, 1829, Opéra Comique, Paris), Fra D iavolo (F ra Diavolo, ou L'hôtellerie de Terracine, 1830, ibid.), God iyo Bayadère (Le dieu et la bayadère, ou La courtisane amoureuse, 1830, King. Akadeemiyada Muusikada iyo Qoob ka ciyaarka, Paris; doorkii aamusay baydère isp. ballerina M. Taglioni), Potion Jacaylka (Le philtre, 1831, ibid.), Marquise de Brenvilliers (La marquise de Brinvilliers, oo ay la socdaan 8 kale oo laxamiistaha, 1831, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris), Dhaar (Le serment, ou Les faux). -monnayeurs, 1832, King's Academy of Music and Dance, Paris), Gustav III, ama Masquerade Ball (Gustave III, ou Le bal masqué, 1833, ibid.), Lestocq, ou L' intrigue et l'amour, 1834, Opera Majaajiliiste, Paris), Horse The Bronze (Le cheval de bronze, 1835, ibid; 1857 dib loogu soo celiyay opera weyn), Acteon (Actéon, 1836, ibid), White Hoods (Les chaperons blancs, 1836, ibid.), Ergay (L'ambassadrice, 1836, ibid.), Black Domino (Le domino noir, 1837, ibid.), Fairy Lake (Le lac des fées, 1839, King's Academy Music and Dance", Paris), Zanetta (Zanetta, ou Jouer avec le feu, 1840, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris), Crown Diamonds (Les diamants de la couronne, 1841, ibid.), Duke of Olonne (Le duc d 'Olonne, 1842, ibid.), Share Devil's (La part) du diable, 1843, ibid.) , Siren (La sirène, 1844,ibid.), Barcarolle, ama Jacaylka iyo Muusiga (La barcarolle ou L'amour et la musique, 1845, ibid.), Haydée (Haydée, ou Le sir, 1847, ibid.), Prodigal son (L'enfant prodigue, 1850). , Boqor. Akadeemiyada Muusikada iyo Qoob ka ciyaarka, Paris), Zerlina (Zerline ou La corbeille d'oranges, 1851, ibid), Marco Spada (Marco Spada, 1852, Opera Comic Theatre, Paris; 1857 dib loo eegay ballet), Jenny Bell (Jenny Bell) , 1855, ibid.), Manon Lescaut (Manon Lescaut, 1856, ibid.), Circassian naag (La circassienne, 1861, ibid.), Aroosadda King de Garbe (La fiancée du roi de Garbe, 1864, ibid.) ) , Maalinta Koowaad ee Farxadda (Le premier jour de bonheur, 1868, ibid.), Riyada Jacaylka (Rêve d'amour, 1869, ibid.); xadhig. afar-geesood (aan la daabicin), iwm.