Mario Del Monaco |

Mario Del Monaco

Ilaa 20-guuradii dhimashada

Ardayga L. Melai-Palazzini iyo A. Melocchi. Wuxuu sameeyay kulankiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay 1939 isagoo ah Turridu (Mascagni's Rural Honor, Pesaro), sida laga soo xigtay ilo kale - 1940 isla qaybta Teatro Communale, Calli, ama xitaa 1941 sida Pinkerton (Puccini's Madama Butterfly, Milan). Sanadkii 1943, wuxuu ku soo bandhigay masraxa La Scala Theatre, Milan sida Rudolph (Puccini's La Boheme). Laga soo bilaabo 1946 wuxuu ku heesi jiray Covent Garden, London, 1957-1959 wuxuu ku sameeyay Metropolitan Opera, New York (qaybo ka mid ah De Grieux ee Puccini's Manon Lescaut; José, Manrico, Cavaradossi, Andre Chenier). 1959-kii wuxuu booqday USSR, halkaas oo uu si guul leh u soo bandhigay sida Canio (Pagliacci by Leoncavallo; kaari - V. Nebolsin, Nedda - L. Maslennikova, Silvio - E. Belov) iyo Jose (Carmen by Bizet; kaari - A. Melik -Pashaev). , doorka cinwaanka - I. Arkhipova, Escamillo - P. Lisitsian). Sannadkii 1966-kii wuxuu sameeyay qaybta Sigmund (Wagner's Valkyrie, Stuttgart). 1974-kii wuxuu sameeyay doorka Luigi (Puccini's Cloak, Torre del Lago) ee bandhig faneedka munaasabadda sannad-guuradii kontonaad ee dhimashadii laxamiistaha, iyo sidoo kale dhowr bandhigyo Pagliacci ee Vienna. 1975, isagoo soo bandhigay 11 bandhig 20 maalmood gudahood (tiyaatarada San Carlo, Naples iyo Massimo, Palermo), wuxuu dhammeeyay shaqo cajiib ah oo socotay in ka badan 30 sano. Waxa uu dhintay wax yar ka dib shil baabuur 1982. Qoraaga xusuus-qorka "Nolosheyda iyo guulahayga."

Mario Del Monaco waa mid ka mid ah fannaaniinta ugu weyn uguna caansan qarnigii XNUMXaad. Macallinkii ugu weynaa qarniga dhexe ee fanka bel canto, waxa uu isticmaalay habka larynx-ka ee uu ka bartay Melocchi ee heesaha, taas oo siisay awood uu ku soo saaro dhawaaq awood weyn iyo dhalaal bir ah. Si fiican ugu habboon doorarka geesinimada leh ee Verdi dabayaaqadii iyo operas dhab ah, oo u gaar ah hodantinimada timbre iyo tamarta, codka Del Monaco wuxuu u ekaa sidii loo abuuray masraxa, in kasta oo isla waqtigaas uu ku fiicnaa duubista. Del Monaco waxaa si sax ah loogu tixgalinayaa kireystaha ugu dambeeya ee di forza, kaas oo codkiisu sameeyay ammaanta bel canto qarnigii la soo dhaafay wuxuuna la mid yahay sayidyadii ugu weynaa qarnigii XNUMXaad. In yar ayaa la barbar dhigi kara isaga xagga awoodda dhawaaqa iyo dulqaadka, qofna, oo ay ku jiraan heesaaga caanka ah ee Talyaani ee qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XNUMX-aad, Francesco Tamagno, oo codka onkod ee Del Monaco inta badan la barbar dhigo, ma sii wadi karin. saafinimadan iyo hufnaantan oo kale muddo dheer. dhawaaq.

Waxyaabaha gaarka ah ee goobta codka (isticmaalka istaroogga waaweyn, pianissimo aan la garaneyn, hoos-u-dhigga daacadnimada caalamiga ah ee ciyaarta saamaynta leh) waxay siisay heesaa hees aad u cidhiidhi ah, oo u badan riwaayado riwaayado ah, kuwaas oo ah 36 operas, kuwaas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu gaadhay heerar aad u sarreeya. (Qaybaha Ernani, Hagenbach ("Valli" ee Catalani), Loris ("Fedora" ee Giordano), Manrico, Samson ("Samson iyo Delilah" ee Saint-Saens)), iyo qaybaha Pollione ("Norma" by Saint-Saens) Bellini), Alvaro ("Force of Destiny" by Verdi), Faust ("Mephistopheles" by Boito), Cavaradossi (Puccini's Tosca), Andre Chenier (Opera Giordano ee isla magaca), Jose, Canio iyo Otello (oo ku jira opera Verdi) waxa ay noqdeen kuwa ugu wanagsan riwaayadiisa, wax qabadkooduna waa bogga ugu quruxda badan aduunka fanka opera. Sidaa darteed, doorkiisii ​​ugu fiicnaa, Othello, Del Monaco wuxuu daboolay dhammaan kuwii ka horreeyay, waxayna u muuqataa in dunidu aysan arag waxqabad wanaagsan qarnigii 1955-aad. Waayo, doorkan, kaas oo aan dhiman magaca heesaha, 22, waxa la guddoonsiiyey Abaalmarinta Golden Arena Prize, oo lagu abaalmariyey guulaha ugu caansan ee fanka opera. Sannadihii 1950 (kii ugu horreeyay - 1972, Buenos Aires; waxqabadka ugu dambeeyay - 427, Brussels) Del Monaco wuxuu ku heesay qaybtan ugu adag ee gabayada kireystaha ee XNUMX jeer, isagoo dhigay rikoor dareen leh.

Waxa kale oo muhiim ah in la ogaado in fannaanka ku dhawaad ​​​​dhammaan qaybaha uu riwaayadiisa ka kooban yahay wuxuu ku guuleystey heeso qiiro leh iyo jilid qalbi furan, taasoo ku qasabtay, sida ay qabaan dad badan oo daawadayaal ah, inuu si daacad ah uga damqado masiibada jilayaashiisa. Waxaa ku xanuunsaday cadaabkii nafta dhaawacantay, Canio oo kali ah, jacaylka uu u qabo haweeneyda Jose oo ku ciyaaraya dareenkiisa, si akhlaaq ahaan aad u aqbala dhimashada Chenier, ugu dambeyntii u hoggaansamay qorshe qarsoodi ah, caqli-gal ah, kalsoonida geesinimada Moor - Del Monaco wuxuu awooday Muuji dareenka guud ee dareenka labadaba sida heesaa iyo fanaan weyn.

Del Monaco si la mid ah qof ahaan wuu u fiicnaa. Waxay ahayd kii dhamaadkii 30-meeyadii go'aansaday inuu dhagaysto mid ka mid ah asxaabtiisii ​​hore, kaas oo doonayay inuu naftiisa u huro opera. Magaceedu waxa uu ahaa Renata Tebaldi, xidigta heestan weyna waxa ay ahayd in ay qayb ka soo dhalaali doonto sababtoo ah saaxiibkeed oo wakhtigaas hore u bilaabay xirfad kali ah ayaa u saadaaliyay mustaqbal weyn. Waxay ahayd Tebaldi in Del Monaco uu door biday inuu ku ciyaaro Othello uu jecel yahay, laga yaabee inuu ku arko qof naftiisa ugu dhow dabeecaddiisa: opera jacayl aan dhammaad lahayn, ku dhex nool, awood u leh wax allabari, isla markaana leh hanti ballaadhan. dabeecad iyo qalbi weyn . Tebaldi, si fudud ayay u degganaatay: labadooduba waxay ogaayeen inaysan lahayn wax u dhigma iyo in carshiga opera-ga adduunku ay gebi ahaanba iska leeyihiin (ugu yaraan gudaha xudduudaha riwaayadooda). Del Monaco wuxuu ku heesay, dabcan, boqorad kale, Maria Callas. Dhammaan jacaylka aan u qabo Tebaldi, ma ogaan karo in Norma (1956, La Scala, Milan) ama André Chenier, oo uu sameeyay Del Monaco iyo Callas, ay yihiin farshaxanno. Nasiib darro, Del Monaco iyo Tebaldi, kuwaas oo si fiican ugu habboon midba midka kale farshaxan ahaan, marka laga reebo kala duwanaanshahooda hal-abuurka ah, ayaa sidoo kale xaddiday farsamooyinkooda codka: Renata, oo u halgamaya daahirnimada caalamiga ah, mararka qaarkoodna qarsoodiga ah, ayaa lagu quusiyay heesta xoogga leh ee Mario, kaasoo rabay inuu si buuxda u muujiyo waxa ka dhacaya nafta geesigiisa. Inkastoo, yaa og, waxaa suurtagal ah in tani ay ahayd fasiraadda ugu wanaagsan, sababtoo ah uma badna in Verdi ama Puccini ay qoraan oo kaliya si aan u maqalno marin kale ama piano oo uu sameeyo soprano, marka mudane la xumeeyay uu sharxo ka dalbado gacalisadiisa ama Dagaalyahan da' ah oo qirtay jacayl uu u qabo naag dhallinyaro ah.

Del Monaco waxa kale oo uu wax badan u qabtay fanka hawl-qabadka ee Soofiyeedka. Ka dib safar 1959-kii, wuxuu siiyay masraxa Ruushka qiimeyn xamaasad leh, gaar ahaan, isagoo xusaya xirfadda ugu sareysa ee Pavel Lisitsian ee doorka Escamillo iyo xirfadaha jilitaanka cajiibka ah ee Irina Arkhipova ee doorka Carmen. Dambe wuxuu ahaa dhiirigelinta martiqaadka Arkhipova si uu ugu soo bandhigo Masraxa Neapolitan San Carlo ee 1961 isla doorka iyo safarkii ugu horreeyay ee Soofiyeedka ee Masraxa La Scala. Later, fannaaniin badan oo dhallinyaro ah, oo ay ku jiraan Vladimir Atlantov, Muslim Magomaev, Anatoly Solovyanenko, Tamara Milashkina, Maria Bieshu, Tamara Sinyavskaya, tegey on internship ee masraxa caanka ah oo halkaas ka soo laabtay sida kuwa ku hadla heer sare ah ee dugsiga bel Canto.

Xirfaddii quruxda badnayd, aadka u fir-fircoonayd ee aadka u xamaasadda badnayd ee kireystaha weyn waxay soo gebagebowday, sidii horeba loo xusay, 1975. Waxa jira sharraxaadyo badan oo tan ah. Malaha, codka heesaha ayaa ka daalay soddon iyo lix sano oo dheeraad ah oo joogto ah (Del Monaco laftiisa xusuustiisa ayaa sheegay in uu lahaa xadhkaha baska oo uu weli ula dhaqmo xirfaddiisa xirfadeed sida mucjiso; iyo habka larynx-ka hoos u dhaca ayaa si dhab ah u kordhiya xiisadda on xadhkaha codka), inkasta oo wargeysyada habeenkii lixdanaad ee sannad-guurada heesaaga ay xuseen in xitaa hadda codkiisu uu jebin karo galaas crystal masaafo 10 mitir ah. Waxaa suurtogal ah in fannaanka laftiisa uu xoogaa ka daalay hal-ku-dhegyo hal-abuur leh. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib 1975 Mario Del Monaco wuxuu baray oo tababaray tiro arday ah oo aad u fiican, oo uu ku jiro baritone caanka ah ee Mauro Augustini. Mario Del Monaco wuxuu ku dhintay 1982 magaalada Mestre ee u dhow Venice, waligiis ma awoodin inuu si buuxda uga soo kabsado shil baabuur. Waxa uu ku dhaartay inuu naftiisa ku aaso dharka Othello, laga yaabee inuu rabo inuu Rabbiga hortiisa ka soo muuqdo qof isaga oo kale ah, noloshiisa ku noolaa, isagoo ku jira awoodda dareenka weligeed ah.

Muddo dheer ka hor inta uusan fannaanka ka tagin masraxa, muhiimada cajiibka ah ee kartida Mario Del Monaco ee taariikhda fanka adduunka ayaa ku dhawaad ​​si wadajir ah loo aqoonsaday. Marka, inta lagu guda jiro safar uu ku joogo Mexico, waxaa loogu yeeraa "kiraystaha riwaayadaha ugu fiican ee kuwa nool", Budapest wuxuu kor u qaaday darajada kireystaha ugu weyn adduunka. Waxa uu ka sameeyay ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan tiyaatarada waaweyn ee adduunka, laga soo bilaabo Tiyaatarka Colon ee Buenos Aires ilaa Opera Tokyo.

Bilowgii xirfadiisa, isaga oo naftiisa u dejiyey hadafka ah in uu raadiyo jidkiisa fanka, oo aan noqon mid ka mid ah jilayaasha badan ee Beniamino Gigli, oo markaa xukumay shirkadda opera, Mario Del Monaco ayaa buuxiyey mid kasta oo ka mid ah sawirada masraxa. midabyo cusub, helay hab u gaar ah qayb kasta oo heeso oo ku hadhay xusuusta daawadayaasha iyo taageerayaasha ee qaraxa, burburinta, silica, gubanaya ololka jacaylka - Farshaxan weyn.

Sawir-gacmeedka fannaanka waa mid aad u ballaaran, laakiin noocyadan kala duwan waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan xuso cajaladaha istuudiyaha ee qaybaha (badankooda waxaa duubay Decca): - Loris ee Giordano's Fedora (1969, Monte Carlo; heesta iyo orchestra ee Monte Carlo Opera, kaari - Lamberto Gardelli (Gardelli); doorka horyaalka - Magda Oliveiro, De Sirier - Tito Gobbi); – Hagenbach ee Catalani's "Valli" (1969, Monte-Carlo; Monte-Carlo Opera Orchestra, kaari Fausto Cleva (Cleva); doorka horyaalka - Renata Tebaldi, Stromminger - Justino Diaz, Gellner - Piero Cappuccili); - Alvaro ee "Force of Destiny" by Verdi (1955, Rome; heesta iyo orchestra ee Academy of Santa Cecilia, kaari - Francesco Molinari-Pradelli (Molinari-Pradelli); Leonora - Renata Tebaldi, Don Carlos - Ettore Bastianini; - Canio ee Pagliacci oo uu qoray Leoncavallo (1959, Rome; orchestra iyo choir of Academy of Santa Cecilia, kaari - Francesco Molinari-Pradelli; Nedda - Gabriella Tucci, Tonio - Cornell MacNeil, Silvio - Renato Capecchi); – Othello (1954; orchestra iyo hobolada Akadeemiyada Santa Cecilia, kaari – Alberto Erede (Erede); Desdemona – Renata Tebaldi, Iago – Aldo Protti).

Duubista baahinta xiisaha leh ee waxqabadka "Pagliacci" ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi (inta lagu jiro safarrada hore loo sheegay). Waxa kale oo jira cajalado "toos ah" oo operas ah oo ay ka qayb qaadanayaan Mario Del Monaco, oo ay ka mid yihiin kuwa ugu soo jiidashada badan waa Pagliacci (1961; Radio Japan Orchestra, conductor - Giuseppe Morelli; Nedda - Gabriella Tucci, Tonio - Aldo Protti, Silvio - Attilo D 'Orazzi)

Albert Galeev, 2002

"Mid ka mid ah fannaaniinta casriga ah ee aadka u wanaagsan, waxa uu lahaa awoodo cod naadir ah," ayuu qoray I. Ryabova. "Codkiisa, oo leh kala duwanaansho ballaaran, xoog aan caadi ahayn iyo qaninimo, leh hoos-u-dhacyo baritone ah iyo qoraallo sare oo dhalaalaya, waa mid gaar u ah timbre. Farshaxannimo cajiib ah, dareen daahsoon ee qaabka iyo farshaxanka is-yeelyeelka ayaa u oggolaaday fannaanku inuu sameeyo qaybo kala duwan oo ka mid ah riwaayadda hawl-qabadka. Gaar ahaan meel u dhow Del Monaco waa qaybaha geesinimada iyo naxdinta leh ee riwaayadaha Verdi, Puccini, Mascagni, Leoncavallo, Giordano. Guusha ugu weyn ee farshaxanku waa doorka Otello ee opera Verdi, oo lagu sameeyay xamaasad geesinimo leh iyo runnimo maskaxeed oo qoto dheer.

Mario Del Monaco waxa uu ku dhashay Florence bishii Luulyo 27, 1915. Waxa uu dib u xasuustay: "Aabahay iyo hooyaday ayaa i baray inaan jeclaado muusikada tan iyo carruurnimadii, waxaan bilaabay heesaha laga bilaabo toddoba ama siddeed jir. Aabbahay muusik ma baran, laakiin aad buu u yaqaan fanka codka. Waxa uu ku riyooday in mid ka mid ah wiilashiisa uu noqon doono heesaa caan ah. Oo xitaa wuxuu u magacaabay carruurtiisa ka dib markii geesiyaasha opera: aniga - Mario (mashuuca geesiga "Tosca"), iyo walaalkay iga yar - Marcello (oo lagu sharfayo Marcel oo ka socda "La Boheme"). Markii hore, doorashada aabbuhu waxay ku dhacday Marcelo; wuxuu rumaysnaa in walaalkii uu ka dhaxlay codkii hooyadii. Aabahay ayaa mar ku yidhi aniga oo jooga: "Waxaad u heesi doontaa Andre Chenier, waxaad yeelan doontaa jaakad qurux badan iyo kabo cidhib dheer leh." Run ahaantii, walaalkay aad baan uga masayray markaas.

Wiilku wuxuu jiray toban jir markii qoysku u guureen Pesaro. Mid ka mid ah macallimiinta heesaha maxalliga ah, oo la kulmay Mario, ayaa si aad ah ula hadlay awooddiisa cod-bixineed. Ammaantu waxay ku dartay xamaasad, Mario wuxuu bilaabay inuu si taxadar leh u barto qaybaha opera.

Horeba isaga oo saddex iyo toban jir ah, wuxuu markii ugu horreysay ka sameeyay furitaanka masraxa Mondolfo, oo ah magaalo yar oo deris ah. Marka laga hadlayo kullankii ugu horreeyay ee Mario ee doorka lahaanshaha ee Massenet's hal-act opera Narcisse, naqdiye ayaa ku qoray wargeys maxalli ah: "Haddii wiilku codkiisa badbaadiyo, waxaa jirta sabab kasta oo lagu aamino inuu noqon doono heesaa heersare ah."

Ilaa da'da lix iyo toban, Del Monaco hore u yaqaan Arias badan operatic. Si kastaba ha noqotee, kaliya da'da sagaal iyo toban, Mario wuxuu bilaabay inuu si dhab ah u barto - ee Pesar Conservatory, oo leh Maestro Melocchi.

"Markii aan kulanay, Melokki wuxuu jiray afar iyo konton jir. Had iyo jeer waxa gurigiisa joogay fannaaniin, oo ay ka mid yihiin kuwo aad caan u ah, oo adduunka oo dhan ka yimi talo. Waxaan xusuustaa socod dheer oo aan ku dhex maray waddooyinka dhexe ee Pesaro; maestro-ga ayaa soo socday iyadoo ay hareero socdaan arday. Deeqsi buu ahaa. Wax lacag ah uma qaadanin casharradiisa gaarka ah, kaliya wuxuu marmar ku heshiiyey in lagu daweeyo kafeega. Markii mid ka mid ah ardaydiisii ​​u suurtagashay in uu si nadiif ah oo kalsooni leh u qaato dhawaaq qurux badan, murugadu waxay ka luntay indhaha maestro-ga in muddo ah. “Halkan! Ayuu ku dhawaaqay. "Waa kafee dhab ah b-flat!"

Xusuusaha ugu qaalisan ee noloshayda Pesaro waa kuwa Maestro Melocchi. "

Guushii ugu horeysay ee ninka dhalinyarada ah waxay ahayd ka qaybgalka tartanka fannaaniinta da'da yar ee Rome. Tartankan ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay 180 fannaan oo ka kala yimid dhammaan dalka Talyaaniga. Samaynta arias ka Giordano's "André Chénier", Cilea's "Arlesienne" iyo Nemorino jaceylka caanka ah "Indhaha Her Pretty" ee L'elisir d'amore, Del Monaco wuxuu ka mid ahaa shantii guuleystey. Farshaxankii hamiga lahaa waxa uu helay deeq waxbarasho oo xaq u siisay in uu wax ka barto dugsiga Rome Opera House.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, daraasadahani kama faa'iidaysan Del Monaco. Waxaa intaa dheer, farsamada uu isticmaalo macalinkiisa cusub ayaa keentay xaqiiqda ah in codkiisu uu bilaabay inuu yaraado, si uu u lumiyo dhawaaqa wareegsan. Kaliya lix bilood ka dib, markii uu ku soo laabtay Maestro Melocchi, wuxuu dib u helay codkiisii.

Si dhakhso ah Del Monaco ayaa loo qoray ciidanka. "Laakiin nasiib ayaan lahaa," heesta ayaa dib u xasuusatay. – Nasiib wanaag, cutubkayaga waxa taliye u ahaa kornayl – aad u jeclaa heesaha. Wuxuu ii sheegay: "Del Monaco, hubaal waad heesi doontaa." Oo wuxuu ii ogolaaday inaan aado magaalada, halkaas oo aan ka kiraystay biyaano duug ah oo aan casharradayda ku qaato. Taliyaha cutubku ma ogola oo kaliya in askariga tayada leh uu heeso, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu siiyay fursad uu ku ciyaaro. Haddaba, sannadkii 1940kii, magaalada yar ee Calli ee u dhow Pesaro, Mario wuxuu markii ugu horraysay ku heesay qaybta Turiddu ee P. Mascagni's Rural Honor.

Laakin bilawgii dhabta ahaa ee fannaanka xirfadiisa heeseed waxa ay soo bilaabatay 1943-kii, markaas oo uu kulankiisii ​​ugu horeeyay ee cajiib ah ku soo bandhigay masraxa Milan ee La Scala ee G. Puccini's La Boheme. Wax yar ka dib, wuxuu ku heesi jiray qaybta André Chénier. W. Giordano, oo goobjoog ka ahaa bandhiga, ayaa fannaanka u soo bandhigay sawirkiisa oo ay ku qoran tahay: “To my dear Chenier.”

Dagaalka ka dib, Del Monaco ayaa si weyn loo yaqaan. Isagoo guul weyn ka helay, wuxuu u soo bandhigaa sidii Radames oo ka socda Verdi's Aida ee Bandhigga Verona Arena. Dayrta 1946, Del Monaco safar dibadda ah markii ugu horeysay qayb ka mid ah kooxda masraxa Neapolitan "San Carlo". Mario wuxuu ku heesaa masraxa beerta Covent ee London ee Tosca, La Boheme, Puccini's Madama Butterfly, Mascagni's Rustic Honor iyo R. Leoncavallo's Pagliacci.

“…Sannadkii xigay, 1947, wuxuu ii ahaa sannad rikoor ah. Waxaan sameeyay 107 jeer, 50kii maalmoodba hal mar baan heestaa 22 jeer, waxaanan ka safray Waqooyiga Yurub ilaa Koonfurta Ameerika. Sanado badan oo dhibaato iyo nasiib darro ah, dhammaan waxay u ekaayeen khiyaali. Kadib waxaan helay qandaraas cajiib ah oo ku saabsan dalxiiska Brazil oo leh lacag cajiib ah waqtiyadaas - afar boqol iyo todobaatan kun oo lire oo loogu talagalay waxqabadka ...

1947-kii ayaan waddamo kale ku soo bandhigay. Magaalada Charleroi ee Belgian, waxaan u heesi jiray macdan qodayaasha Talyaaniga. Stockholm waxaan ku soo bandhigay Tosca iyo La bohème oo ay ka qayb qaateen Tito Gobbi iyo Mafalda Favero…

Tiyaatarada ayaa durba igu xujeeyay. Laakin wali lama ciyaarin Toscanini Anigoo ka soo laabtay Geneva, oo aan ka heesay Masraxa Kubadda, waxaan kula kulmay Maestro Votto Biffy Scala cafe, wuxuuna sheegay inuu damacsan yahay inuu u soo jeediyo musharaxnimadayda Toscanini si aan uga qaybgalo bandhig faneed loogu talagalay furitaanka masraxa La Scala ee dhowaan dib loo soo celiyay. “…

Waxaan markii ugu horreysay ka soo muuqday masraxa masraxa La Scala bishii Janaayo 1949. Wuxuu sameeyay "Manon Lescaut" oo hoos yimaada jihada Votto. Dhowr bilood ka dib, Maestro De Sabata ayaa igu martiqaaday inaan ka heeso bandhiga opera André Chénier ee xusuusta Giordano. Renata Tebaldi ayaa ila muujisay, kaasoo noqday xiddiga La Scala ka dib markii uu ka qayb qaatay Toscanini riwaayad ka dhacday dib u furitaanka masraxa… "

Sannadku markuu ahaa 1950-kii wuxuu fannaanka u keenay mid ka mid ah guulaha hal-abuurka ugu muhiimsan ee taariikh nololeedkiisa faneed ee Masraxa Colon ee Buenos Aires. Farshaxaniistaha ayaa markii ugu horeysay ku soo bandhigay Otello opera-ka Verdi ee isla magaca ah, waxaana uu soo jiitay daawadayaasha oo kaliya ma ahan bandhig cod oo cajiib ah, laakiin sidoo kale go'aan jilid cajiib ah. sawir. Dib u eegisyada dhaleeceynta waa la isku raacsan yahay: "Doorka Othello ee uu sameeyay Mario Del Monaco waxay ku sii jiri doontaa xarfaha dahabka ah ee taariikhda Masraxa Colon."

Del Monaco ayaa markii dambe dib u xasuustay: "Meel kasta oo aan ku soo bandhigo, meel kasta waxay igu qori jireen heeso ahaan, laakiin qofna ma dhihin inaan ahay farshaxan. Waxaan u halgamay magacan muddo dheer. Oo haddii aan u qalmo waxqabadka qaybta Othello, sida muuqata, weli wax baan ku guuleystay.

Taas ka dib, Del Monaco wuxuu aaday Mareykanka. Waxqabadka fannaanka ee "Aida" ee masraxa San Francisco Opera House wuxuu ahaa guul guul leh. Guusha cusub waxaa gaaray Del Monaco bishii Noofambar 27, 1950, isagoo ku soo bandhigay Des Grieux ee Manon Lescaut ee Metropolitan. Mid ka mid ah dib-u-eegayaasha Maraykanka ayaa qoray: "Farshaxanku maaha kaliya inuu leeyahay cod qurux badan, laakiin sidoo kale muuqaal marxaladeed, caato ah, qof dhalinyaro ah, kaas oo aan qof kasta oo caan ah ku faani karin. Diiwaanka sare ee codkiisa ayaa si buuxda u soo dhaweeyay dhagaystayaasha, kuwaas oo isla markiiba aqoonsaday Del Monaco oo ah heesaa fasalka ugu sarreeya. Waxa uu gaadhay heerkii ugu sareeyay falkii ugu dambeeyay, halkaas oo waxqabadkiisu uu xoog ku qabsaday hoolka.

"50-meeyadii iyo 60-meeyadii, heesaagu wuxuu inta badan booqday magaalooyin kala duwan oo Yurub iyo Ameerika ah," ayuu qoray I. Ryabova. - Sannado badan wuxuu isku mar ahaa horudhaca labada masrax ee opera-ga adduunka hormuudka ka ah - Milan La Scala iyo New York's Metropolitan Opera, isagoo si isdaba joog ah uga qayb qaadanaya bandhigyo furma xilliyo cusub. Dhaqan ahaan, bandhigyada noocan oo kale ah ayaa si gaar ah u xiiseeya dadweynaha. Del Monaco waxa uu ku heesay bandhigyo badan kuwaas oo noqday kuwo lagu xasuusan karo daawadayaasha New York. La-hawlgalayaashiisu waxay ahaayeen xiddigaha fanka codka adduunka: Maria Callas, Giulietta Simionato. Iyo fanaanada cajiibka ah ee Renata Tebaldi Del Monaco waxay lahayd xiriiro hal abuur leh - bandhigyada wadajirka ah ee laba farshaxan oo heer sare ah ayaa had iyo jeer noqday dhacdo ka mid ah nolosha muusikada ee magaalada. Dib-u-eegayaashu waxay ugu yeereen "Duetka dahabiga ah ee opera Talyaani".

Imaanshiyaha Mario Del Monaco ee Moscow xagaagii 1959 ayaa kiciyay xiiso weyn oo ka dhex jira taageerayaasha fanka codka. Iyo rajada Muscovites ayaa si buuxda loo caddeeyey. Marxaladda Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, Del Monaco wuxuu sameeyay qaybaha Jose ee Carmen iyo Canio ee Pagliacci oo leh qummanaan siman.

Guusha fannaanka ee waagaas runtii waa guul. Tani waa qiimeyntii lagu sameeyay bandhigga martida Talyaaniga ee fannaanka caanka ah ee EK Katulskaya. “Del Monaco awoodiisa cod ee aadka u wanaagsan waxaa lagu daray fankiisa oo leh xirfad cajiib ah. Si kasta oo uu heesaagu u awood badan yahay, codkiisu waligii ma lumin codkiisa qalinka ah ee fudud, jilicsanaanta iyo quruxda timbre, oo gelisa muujinta. Sida quruxda badan ay u tahay codkiisa mezzo oo dhalaalaya, si fudud ugu degdegaya qolka biyaano. Xirfadda neefsashada, taas oo siinaya heesaa taageero cajiib ah oo dhawaaq ah, waxqabadka dhawaaq kasta iyo erey kasta - kuwani waa aasaaska xirfadda Del Monaco, tani waa waxa u ogolaanaya inuu si xor ah uga gudbo dhibaatooyinka codka ee aadka u daran; waxaad mooddaa in dhibka tessitura uusan u jirin isaga. Markaad dhageysato Del Monaco, waxay u muuqataa in kheyraadka farsamada codkiisa ay yihiin kuwo aan dhammaad lahayn.

Laakiin xaqiiqadu waxay tahay in xirfadda farsamada ee heesaagu ay si buuxda uga hoos baxdo hawlaha farshaxanka ee waxqabadkiisa.

Mario Del Monaco waa farshaxan dhab ah oo weyn: heerkiisa heersare ah ee dabeecaddiisa waxaa lagu qurxiyaa dhadhan iyo xirfad; Faahfaahinta ugu yar ee codkiisa iyo waxqabadkiisa marxaladda si taxadar leh ayaa loo tixgeliyaa. Oo waxa aan si gaar ah u doonayo in aan xoogga saaro waa in uu yahay muusikiiste cajiib ah. Mid kasta oo ka mid ah odhaahdiisa waxaa lagu kala saaraa darnaanta qaabka muusikada. Farshaxanku waligiis uma sadqeeyo muusikada saamaynta dibadda, buunbuuninta shucuureed, taas oo mararka qaarkood xitaa fannaaniinta caanka ah ay dembaabaan… Farshaxanka Mario Del Monaco, akadeemiyadda dareenka ugu wanaagsan ee ereyga, wuxuu ina siinayaa fikrad run ah oo aasaaska qadiimiga ah dugsiga codka talyaaniga.

Xirfada hawleed ee Del Monaco waxay u sii socotay si cajiib ah. Laakiin 1963-kii, waxa uu ku qasbanaaday in uu joojiyo bandhigiisa ka dib markii uu galay shil baabuur. Isagoo si geesinimo leh ula qabsaday cudurka, heesta ayaa mar kale ka farxisa daawadayaasha sanad kadib.

Sanadkii 1966, heesaagu wuxuu xaqiiqsaday riyadiisii ​​hore, Stuttgart Opera House Del Monaco wuxuu ku sameeyay qaybta Sigmund ee R. Wagner "Valkyrie" ee Jarmalka. Waxay u ahayd guul kale. Wiilka curiyaha ah ee Wieland Wagner ayaa ku casuumay Del Monaco si uu uga qayb qaato bandhiga Bandhiga Bayreuth.

Bishii Maarso 1975, heesta ayaa ka baxday masraxa. Marka la kala tago, wuxuu bixiyaa bandhigyo dhowr ah Palermo iyo Naples. Oktoobar 16, 1982, Mario Del Monaco ayaa geeriyooday.

Irina Arkhipova, oo wax ka badan hal jeer la soo ciyaartay Talyaanigii weynaa, ayaa tiri:

“Xagaagii 1983kii, Tiyaatarka Bolshoi wuxuu soo booqday Yugoslavia. Magaalada Novi Sad, iyada oo xaq u leh magaceeda, waxay nagu baraarujisay diirimaad, ubaxyo ... Xitaa hadda ma xasuusto cidda sida saxda ah u burburisay jawigan guusha, farxadda, qorraxdu isla markiiba, kaasoo keenay warka: "Mario Del Monaco waa dhintay. .” Waxay noqotay mid aad u qadhaadh naftayda, waxay ahayd wax aan macquul ahayn in la rumaysto in halkaas, Italy, ma jirin Del Monaco. Oo ka dib oo dhan, waxay ogaadeen in uu si xun u xanuunsanaa muddo dheer, markii ugu dambeysay ee salaan isaga ka yimid waxaa keenay faallooyinka muusikada ee telefishankeena, Olga Dobrokhotova. Waxay ku dartay: "Waad ogtahay, inuu si murugo leh u kaftamayo:" Dhulka, waxaan mar hore ku istaagay hal lug, oo xitaa taasi waxay ku dul simbiriirtaa diirka muuska. Waana intaas…

Socdaalku wuu sii socday, waxaana ka yimid Talyaaniga, oo ah baroordiiq ka soo horjeeda fasaxa maxalliga ah, faahfaahinta ku saabsan sagootinka Mario Del Monaco ayaa yimid. Waxay ahayd falkii ugu dambeeyay ee opera noloshiisa: wuxuu ku dhaartay in lagu aasayo dharka geesiga uu jecel yahay - Othello, oo aan ka fogeyn Villa Lanchenigo. Naxashka waxaa qaaday ilaa xabaalaha fannaaniin caan ah, oo ay isku waddan yihiin Del Monaco. Laakiin warkan murugada leh ayaa sidoo kale engegay ... Xusuustayda isla markiiba, sida haddii aan ka baqayo bilawga dhacdooyinka cusub, khibradaha, waxay bilaabeen inay igu soo noqdaan, midba midka kale, sawirada la xidhiidha Mario Del Monaco.