Alberto Ginastera |

Alberto Ginastera

Alberto Ginastera waa laxamiistaha Argentine, muusikiiste aad ugu wanaagsan Latin America. Shaqooyinkiisa ayaa si sax ah loogu tixgaliyaa mid ka mid ah tusaalooyinka ugu wanaagsan ee muusikada qarnigii XNUMX-aad.

Alberto Ginastera waxa uu ku dhashay Buenos Aires April 11, 1916, isaga oo ka tirsan qoys Talyaani-Catalan ah soo galootiga ah. Wuxuu bilaabay inuu barto muusiga isagoo jira todoba sano wuxuuna galay konserfatifka isagoo jira laba iyo toban jir. Sanadihii uu ardaygu ku jiray, muusiga Debussy iyo Stravinsky waxa ay sameeyeen dareenka ugu qoto dheer isaga. Saamaynta halabuurayaashan waxa lagu arki karaa ilaa xad hawlihiisa gaarka ah. Laxamiistaha ma badbaadin halabuurkiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay ee la qoray ka hor 1936. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in qaar kale ay soo gaareen xaalad isku mid ah, sababtoo ah Ginastera ayaa kordhay dalabaadka iyo dhaleeceynta shaqadiisa. Sannadkii 1939-kii, Ginastera ayaa si guul leh uga qalin jabiyay konserfatifka. Wax yar ka hor, wuxuu dhammaystiray mid ka mid ah halabuurkiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay - ballet "Panambi", kaas oo lagu soo bandhigay masraxa Teatro Colon ee 1940.

1942, Ginastera waxa uu helay Guggenheim Fellowship wuxuuna aaday Maraykanka, halkaas oo uu wax ku bartay Aaron Copland. Tan iyo wakhtigaas, wuxuu bilaabay inuu isticmaalo farsamooyin isku dhafan oo kakan, iyo qaabkiisa cusub ayaa lagu gartaa inuu yahay waddaniyad shakhsi ahaaneed, kaas oo laxamiistaha uu sii wado isticmaalka walxaha dhaqameed iyo kuwa caanka ah ee muusikada Argentine. Halabuurka ugu dabeecadda badan ee muddadan waa "Pampeana no. 3” (Symphonic of the three movements) iyo Piano Sonata No. one.

Ka dib markii uu ka soo laabtay USA ee Argentina, wuxuu aasaasay konservatory ee La Plata, halkaas oo uu wax ka dhigi jiray 1948 ilaa 1958. Ardaydiisa waxaa ka mid ah curiyeyaasha mustaqbalka Astor Piazzolla iyo Gerardo Gandini. 1962, Ginastera, oo ay weheliyaan halabuurayaal kale, ayaa abuuray Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Muusiga ee Latin America ee Instituto Torcuato di Tella. Dhamaadkii 60-meeyadii, wuxuu u guuray Geneva, halkaas oo uu kula nool yahay xaaskiisa labaad, Aurora Natola.

Alberto Ginastera waxa uu dhintay June 25, 1983. Waxa lagu aasay qabuuraha Plainpalais ee Geneva.

Alberto Ginastera waa qoraaga operas-ka iyo ballet-ka. Shaqooyinka kale ee curiyaha waxaa ka mid ah riwaayadaha piano, cello, violin, kataarad. Waxa uu qoray shaqooyin badan oo loogu talagalay orkestarada heesaha, biyaano, muusiga masraxa iyo shineemo, jaceylka, iyo shaqooyinka qolka.

Khabiirka muusiga ee Sergio Pujol ayaa wax ka qoray buuggiisa 2013 ee boqolka sano ee muusiga Argentina: "Ginastera wuxuu ahaa titan muusiga tacliinta, nooc ka mid ah machad muusiga laftiisa, oo ah mid muhiim u ah nolosha dhaqameed ee dalka afartan sano."

Oo halkan waa sida Alberto Ginastera laftiisu u fahmay fikradda qorista muusigga: "Muusiga curinta, fikradayda, waxay la mid tahay abuurista dhismaha. Muusiga dhexdiisa, qaab dhismeedkani wuxuu soo shaac baxaa waqti ka dib. Oo haddii, ka dib marxaladda waqtiga, shaqadu waxay haysaa dareenka qummanaanta gudaha, oo lagu muujiyay ruuxa, waxaan dhihi karnaa in laxamiistaha uu ku guuleystay inuu abuuro qaab dhismeedkaas.

Nadia Koval

Halabuurka:

riwaayado – Madaarka (Aeroporto, opera buffa, 1961, Bergamo), Don Rodrigo (1964, Buenos Aires), Bomarso (ka dib M. Lines, 1967, Washington), Beatrice Cenci (1971, ibid); balastarro - Halyeyga choreographic Panambi (1937, masraxa 1940, Buenos Aires), Estancia (1941, masraxa 1952, ibid; daabacaadda cusub 1961), Habeenka qandaraasyada (Habeenka qandaraasyada; oo ku saleysan kala duwanaanshaha riwaayadaha ee orchestra qolka, 1960, New York); cantas - Magical America (America magica, 1960), Milena ( qoraalada F. Kafka, 1970); Orchestra - 2 symphonies (Portegna - Porteсa, 1942; elegiac - Sinfonia elegiaca, 1944), Creole Faust Overture (Fausto criollo, 1943), Toccata, Villancico iyo Fugue (1947), Pampean No. 3 (Symphonic pastoral), Conceri 1953 (Variaciones concertantes, for chamber orchestra, 1953); riwaayadaha xargaha (1965); riwaayado leh orkester - 2 ee biyaano (Arjantiin, 1941; 1961), violin (1963), cello (1966), kataarad (1959); qalabaynta qolka - Pampean No. 1 ee violin iyo biyaano (1947), Pampean No. 2 ee cello iyo biyaano (1950), 2 xadhig afargeesood (1948, 1958), piano quintet (1963); biyaano – Qoob-ka-ciyaarka Argentine (Danzas argentinas, 1937), 12 horudhac Maraykan ah (12 horudhac Maraykan ah, 1944), qoob ka ciyaarka Creole (Danzas criollas, 1946), sonata (1952); loogu talagalay cod leh qalab qalabaysan - Laxanka Tucuman (Cantos del Tucumán, oo leh biibiile, violin, kataarad iyo 2 durbaan, ilaa ereyada RX Sanchez, 1938) iyo kuwa kale; jacaylka; processing - Shan heesood oo reer Argentine ah oo loogu talagalay codka iyo biyaano (Cinco canciones populares argentinas, 1943); muusikada riwaayadda "Olyantai" (1947), iwm.