Alexey Machavariani |

Alexey Machavariani

Machavariani waa halabuur qaran oo yaab leh. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxay leedahay dareen fiiqan oo casri ah. … Machavariani waxa uu awood u leeyahay in uu gaadho isku-dhafka dabiiciga ah ee waayo-aragnimada muusiga qaranka iyo kan shisheeye. K. Karaev

A. Machavariani waa mid ka mid ah curiyeyaasha ugu waaweyn Georgia. Horumarinta fanka muusiga ee jamhuuriyada ayaa si aan kala go' lahayn ugu xidhan magaca fanaankan. Shaqadiisa, sharafnimada iyo quruxda quruxda badan ee polyphony folk, heeso hore oo Georgian ah iyo fiiqan, xamaasad ee hababka casriga ah ee muujinta muusikada ayaa la isku daray.

Machavariani waxa uu ku dhashay Gori. Halkan waxaa ahayd Seminary-ga caanka ah ee Gori Teachers' Seminary, kaas oo kaalin mug leh ka qaatay horumarinta waxbarashada Transcaucasia (laxamiistaha U. Gadzhibekov iyo M. Magomayev ayaa halkaas wax ku bartay). Laga soo bilaabo carruurnimadii, Machavariani waxaa ku hareeraysnaa muusig dadwayne iyo dabeecad qurux badan. Guriga aabbihii abwaanka mustaqbalka, oo hogaaminayey hobolada hiwaayadda ah, waxaa soo ururay waxgaradkii Gori, heeso qaraami ah ayaa ka dhawaajiyey.

Sanadkii 1936, Machavariani wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay konserfatifka gobolka Tbilisi ee fasalka P. Ryazanov, 1940-kii, wuxuu dhammeeyay waxbarashadiisii ​​​​postgraduate iyadoo uu hagayay macalinkan heersare ah. Sanadkii 1939-kii, waxaa soo muuqday shaqadii ugu horeysay ee Symphonic by Machavariani - gabayga "Oak iyo kaneecada" iyo gabayga heesta "Sawirada Gorian".

Dhowr sano ka dib, laxamiistaha ayaa qoray riwaayad piano (1944), kaas oo D. Shostakovich uu yiri: "Qoraaga waa muusik da 'yar oo shaki la'aan ah hibada. Waxa uu leeyahay shakhsiyad hal-abuureed oo u gaar ah, hab-abuurkiisa. Hooyada iyo wiilka opera (1945, oo ku salaysan gabayga magaca isku midka ah ee I. Chavchavadze) waxay noqotay jawaab-celinta dhacdooyinka dagaalkii Great Patriotic. Later, laxamiistaha ayaa qori doona gabayga ballad-gabay Arsen ee soloists iyo heeso cappella (1946), Symphony First (1947) iyo gabayga loogu talagalay orchestra iyo hobollada Geeridii Halyey (1948).

Sanadkii 1950-kii, Machavariani wuxuu abuuray riwaayad-gacanta-romantic Violin Concerto, kaas oo tan iyo markaas si adag u galay riwaayadaha Soofiyeedka iyo kuwa ajnabiga ah.

Oratorio majestic ah "Maalinta Dhulkayga Hooyo" (1952) wuxuu heesaa shaqada nabada, quruxda dhulka hooyo. Wareegtadan sawirada muusiga ah, oo ay ka buuxaan xubno ka mid ah astaamaha fanka, waxay ku salaysan yihiin walxo heeso dad ah, oo loo turjumay ruux jacayl. Fargeeto habayn qiiro leh, oo ah nooc ka mid ah xuruufta oratorio, waa qaab-dhismeedka-lyric-muuqaalka qaybta 1, ee loo yaqaan "Morning of my Mother".

Mawduuca quruxda dabiiciga ah ayaa sidoo kale ku jira qolka Machavariani-qalabka qalabka: ee ciyaarta "Khorumi" (1949) iyo ballad "Bazalet Lake" (1951) ee piano, ee violin-yaraha "Doluri", "Lazuri" (1962). "Mid ka mid ah shuqullada ugu cajiibsan ee muusiga Georgian" oo loo yaqaan K. Karaev Shan monologues ee baritone iyo orkestra ee St. V. Pshavela (1968).

Meel gaar ah oo ka mid ah shaqada Machavariani waxaa ku jira ballet Othello (1957), oo uu sameeyay V. Chabukiani oo ku yaala masraxa Tibilisi State Academy Opera iyo Tiyaatarka Ballet isla sanadkaas. A. Khachaturian wuxuu ku qoray "Othello" Machavariani "wuxuu muujinayaa inuu si buuxda u hubaysan yahay halabuur, mufakir, muwaadin." Riwaayadda muusiga ee riwaayada choreographic waxay ku salaysan tahay nidaam balaadhan oo leitmotifs ah, kuwaas oo si qaabaysan loo beddelo habka horumarka. Ku dhajinta sawirada shaqada W. Shakespeare, Machavariani wuxuu ku hadlaa luqadda muusiga ee qaranka isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu dhaafaa xadka xiriirka qowmiyadeed. Sawirka Othello ee ballet-ku wuu ka duwan yahay ilaha suugaanta. Machavariani wuxuu u keenay sida ugu dhow ee suurtogalka ah sawirka Desdemona - calaamad u ah quruxda, fikradda dheddigga, oo ku dhejinaya jilayaasha jilayaasha ugu muhiimsan ee habdhaqan iyo muujin. Halabuurku waxa kale oo uu tilmaamayaa Shakespeare ee opera Hamlet (1974). "Qofku wuxuu ka masayri karaa geesinimadan oo kale marka la eego shaqooyinka qadiimiga ah ee adduunka," ayuu qoray K. Karaev.

Dhacdo heersare ah oo ka dhacday dhaqanka muusiga ee jamhuuriyadda waxay ahayd ballet “The Knight in the Panther's Skin” (1974) ee ku salaysan gabayga S. Rustaveli. "Intii aan ka shaqeynayey, waxaan la kulmay farxad gaar ah," ayuu yiri A. Machavariani. - "Maansadii Rustaveli ee weyn waxay wax ku biirin qaali ah ku tahay khasnadda ruuxiga ah ee dadka Georgian," baaqeena iyo calankeena ", ereyada gabayada." Isticmaalka hababka casriga ah ee muujinta muusikadu (farsamo taxane ah, isku-dhafka polyharmonic, qaababka qaab-dhismeedka adag), Machavariani wuxuu asal ahaan isku daraa farsamooyinka horumarinta polyphonic iyo polyphony dadweynaha Georgian.

Sanadihii 80aadkii. curiyaha waa firfircoon yahay. Waxa uu qoray Seddexaad, Afraad ("Dhallinyaro"), Shanaad iyo Lixaad heeso, ballet "The Taming of the Shrew", oo ay weheliso ballet "Othello" iyo opera "Hamlet", ka kooban yahay Shakespearean triptych. Mustaqbalka dhow - Symphony toddobaad, ballet "Pirosmani".

"Fanaanka runta ah had iyo jeer wuxuu ku jiraa waddada. … Hal-abuurnimadu waa shaqo iyo farxad labadaba, farxadda aan la barbar dhigi karin ee fannaanku leeyahay. Laxamiistaha cajiibka ah ee Soofiyeedka Alexei Davidovich Machavariani ayaa sidoo kale leh farxad" (K. Karaev).

N. Aleksenko