Daniil Ilyich Pokhitonov |

Daniil Pokhitonov

Fanaanka Dadka ee RSFSR (1957). Taariikhda tiyaatarka Mariinsky (Kirov Opera iyo Tiyaatarka Ballet) waa mid aan kala sooc lahayn magaca Pokhitonov. In ka badan nus qarni waxa uu ka shaqeeyay sariirta masraxa muusiga ee Ruushka, isagoo ah lammaane buuxa oo ka mid ah cod-bixiyeyaasha ugu weyn. Pokhitonov ayaa halkan yimid ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay St. Petersburg Conservatory (1905), halkaas oo macalimiintiisu ay ahaayeen A. Lyadov, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Glazunov. Bilawgii waxa uu ahaa mid dhexdhexaad ah - waxa uu helay dugsi aad u fiican tiyaatarka, isaga oo markii hore u shaqeeyay sidii pianist-companist, ka dibna sidii choirmaster.

Kiiskii caadiga ahaa wuxuu u keenay guddiga kantaroolka ee Tiyaatarka Mariinsky: F. Blumenfeld wuu bukooday, waxay ahayd lagama maarmaan in la soo bandhigo waxqabadka halkii isaga. Tani waxay dhacday 1909 - Rimsky-Korsakov's The Snow Maiden wuxuu noqday kulankiisii ​​ugu horreeyay. Napravnik qudhiisu wuxuu u duceeyey Pokhitonov sida kaari. Sanad walba riwaayadda fannaanka waxaa ku jiray shaqooyin cusub. Qaybta ugu weyn waxaa ciyaaray classic opera Ruush: Queen of Spades, Dubrovsky, Eugene Onegin, The Tale of Tsar Saltan.

Door muhiim ah oo ka mid ah horumarinta hal-abuurka ee muusikiiste ayaa lagu ciyaaray bandhiga dalxiis ee Moscow, halkaas oo 1912 uu sameeyay Khovanshchina iyada oo ka qaybqaadashada Chaliapin. Fanaanada quruxda badan ayaa aad ugu riyaaqay shaqada kirishbooyada oo markii dambe ku heesay farxad wax soo saarka Pokhitonov. Liiska bandhigyada "Chaliapin" ee Pokhitonov waa mid aad u ballaaran: "Boris Godunov", "Pskovite", "Mermaid", "Judith", "Ciidanka Cadowga", "Mozart iyo Salieri", "Barber of Seville". Aynu sidoo kale ku darno in Pyukhitonov uu ka qayb qaatay socdaalkii opera Ruush ee Paris iyo London (1913) isagoo ah heeso. Chaliapin ayaa halkan ku heesay "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina" iyo "Pskovityanka". Pokhitonov wuxuu ahaa lamaanaha weyn ee heesaha markii shirkadda Pisishchiy Amur ay samaysay cajalado badan oo Chaliapin ah.

Fannaaniin badan, oo ay ka mid yihiin L. Sobinov, I. Ershov, I. Alchevsky, ayaa had iyo jeer si taxadar leh u dhegaystay talooyinka wehel khibrad leh iyo kormeeraha. Oo kanu waa la fahmi karo: Pokhitonov si qarsoodi ah u fahmay noocyada farshaxanka codka. Wuxuu si xasaasi ah u raacay ujeedo kasta oo kali-talis ah, isaga oo siinaya xorriyadda lagama maarmaanka ah ee ficil-abuurka. Sida ay xusuusinayaan dadka casriga ah, wuxuu "garanayay sida loo dhinto sida heesaa" si loogu guuleysto waxqabadka guud ahaan. Waxaa laga yaabaa in fikradihiisa tarjumaada ay ka maqan yihiin asalka ama baaxadda, laakiin dhammaan bandhigyada waxaa lagu qabtay heer faneed heer sare ah waxaana lagu kala soocay dhadhan sax ah. "Aqoonyahan farsamadiisa, xirfadle khibrad leh," ayuu qoray V. Bogdanov-Berezovsky, "Pokhitonov wuxuu ahaa mid aan fiicneyn marka loo eego saxnaanta dib u soo celinta dhibcaha. Laakiin u hoggaansanaantiisa caadooyinka waxay lahayd dabeecad u hoggaansanaanta shuruud la'aanta qof kale.

Tiyaatarka Kirov wuxuu leeyahay guulo badan oo uu gaaray Pokhitonov. Marka laga soo tago operas-ka Ruushka, waxa uu agaasimay, dabcan, bandhigyada riwaayadaha shisheeye. Horeba wakhtiyadii Soofiyeedka, Pokhitonov ayaa sidoo kale si miro leh uga shaqeeyay Masraxa Maly Opera (1918-1932), oo lagu sameeyay riwaayado heeso ah, oo wax ku baray Conservatory Leningrad.

Lit .: Pokhitonov DI "laga soo bilaabo hore ee Opera Ruush". L., 1949kii.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek