Giuseppe Di Stefano |

Giuseppe Di Stefano

Leoncavallo. "Pagliacs" "Vesti la giubba" (Giuseppe Di Stefano)

Di Stefano wuxuu ka tirsan yahay galaxyo cajiib ah oo heesaa ah kuwaas oo soo baxay xilligii dagaalka ka dib oo noqday sharaf faneedka codka talyaaniga. VV Timokhin wuxuu xusayaa: "Sawirada Edgar ("Lucia di Lammermoor" ee Donizetti), Arthur iyo Elvino ("Puritani" iyo "La Sonnambula" ee Bellini) oo uu abuuray Di Stefano ayaa kasbaday sumcad caalami ah. Halkan heesaagu wuxuu u muuqdaa mid si buuxda u hubaysan oo xirfaddiisa ku hubaysan: heesihiisa cajiibka ah, legato siman, odhaah farshaxanimo iyo cantilena, oo ay ka buuxaan dareen xamaasad leh, oo lagu heeso "madow", qani aan caadi ahayn, dhumuc weyn leh, dhawaq qallafsan.

Taariikhyahano badan oo fanka codka ah ayaa helaya Di Stefano cod-yaqaanka, tusaale ahaan doorka Edgar, oo ah dhaxalka u qalma ee kireystaha weyn ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, Giovanni Battista Rubini, oo abuuray sawir aan la ilaawi karin oo ah gacaliyaha Lucia ee opera Donizetti.

Mid ka mid ah dhaleeceynta dib u eegista duubista "Lucia" (oo leh Callas iyo Di Stefano) ayaa si toos ah u qoray, inkasta oo magaca ugu wanaagsan ee doorka Edgar ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay uu hadda ku hareeraysan yahay caan caan ah, waa si uun bay u adag tahay in la qiyaaso in uu soo saari karo wax badan oo loogu talagalay aragtida dhagaystayaasha marka loo eego Di Stefano ee gelitaankan. Midna kuma raaci karo ra'yiga dib u eegista: Edgar – Di Stefano runtii waa mid ka mid ah boggaga ugu cajiibsan ee fanka codka ee maalmaheenna. Waxaa laga yaabaa, haddii farshaxanku uu ka tago rikoorkan oo kaliya, ka dibna xitaa magaciisa ayaa ka mid noqon lahaa fannaaniinta ugu weyn ee waqtigeena.

Giuseppe Di Stefano wuxuu ku dhashay Catania bishii Luulyo 24, 1921 qoys milatari. Wiilka ayaa sidoo kale markii hore u socday inuu noqdo sarkaal, xilligaasi ma jirin calaamado muujinaya xirfaddiisa qaliinka.

Kaliya Milan, halkaas oo uu wax ku bartay siminaarka, ayaa mid ka mid ah asxaabtiisa, oo aad u jecel fanka codka, ku adkaystay in Giuseppe uu u leexdo macalimiin khibrad leh oo talo ah. Markii ay ku taliyeen, ninkii dhalinyarada ahaa, ka tagay siminaarka, wuxuu bilaabay inuu barto vocals. Waalidiintu waxay taageereen wiilkooda oo xitaa waxay u guureen Milan.

Di Stefano waxa uu wax la baranayay Luigi Montesanto markii uu bilaabmay dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka. Waxaa loo qoray ciidan, laakiin ma uusan gaarin jiida hore. Waxaa gacan weyn ka geystay mid ka mid ah saraakiisha oo aad u jeclaa codka askariga dhalinyarada ah. Oo dayrtii 1943, markii qayb ka mid ah Di Stefano ay ahayd inuu aado Jarmalka, wuxuu u cararay Switzerland. Halkan waxa uu fanaanku ku soo bandhigay riwaayadihiisii ​​ugu horeeyay, barnaamijkaas oo ay ka mid ahaayeen arias opera caan ah iyo heeso Talyaani ah.

Dhammaadkii dagaalka ka dib, wuxuu ku laabtay dalkiisa, wuxuu sii watay waxbarashadiisa Montesanto. Bishii Abriil 1946, 1947, Giuseppe wuxuu saftay kulankiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay isagoo ah de Grieux ee Massenet's opera Manon ee Masraxa Dawladda Hoose ee Reggio Emilia. Dhamaadka sanadka, farshaxanku wuxuu ku ciyaaraa Switzerland, iyo bishii Maarso XNUMX wuxuu ku soo bandhigayaa markii ugu horeysay marxaladda halyeeyga La Scala.

Deyrtii 1947 dii, Di Stefano waxaa dhagaystay maamulihii New York Metropolitan Opera, Edward Johnson, oo fasax ku joogay Talyaaniga. Laga soo bilaabo weedhaha ugu horreeya ee heesaaga, agaasimuhu wuxuu ogaaday in isaga ka hor uu ahaa heeso heeso ah, oo aan halkaas joogin muddo dheer. "Waa inuu ka heesi doonaa Met-ka, waana inuu isla xilli ciyaareedkaas!" Johnson ayaa go'aansaday.

Bishii Febraayo 1948, Di Stefano wuxuu ka soo muuqday Metropolitan Opera isagoo ah Duke ee Rigoletto wuxuuna noqday soloist tiyaatarkan. Farshaxanka fannaanka ayaa lagu xusay ma ahan oo keliya daawadayaasha, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa xusey dadka muusikada.

Shan xilli oo isku xigta, Di Stefano wuxuu ku heesi jiray New York, gaar ahaan qaybaha heesaha sida Nemorino ("Love Potion"), de Grieux ("Manon" Massenet), Alfreda ("La Traviata"), Wilhelm ("Mignon" Thomas), Rinuccio ("Gianni Schicchi" ee Puccini).

Fanaanada caanka ah ee Toti Dal Monte ayaa dib u xasuusatay in ay oohin kari wayday markii ay dhagaysatay Di Stefano oo ku sugnaa masraxa La Scala ee Mignon – wax qabadka fanaanku waxa uu ahaa mid soo jiidasho leh oo ruuxi ah.

Sida soloist ee Metropolitan, heesaaga ayaa ku soo bandhigay wadamada Bartamaha iyo Koonfurta Ameerika - guul dhammaystiran. Hal Xaqiiqo ah oo kaliya: Masraxa Rio de Janeiro, markii ugu horeysay sanado badan, qaanuunka ayaa la jebiyey, kaas oo mamnuucayay encores inta lagu jiro waxqabadka.

Laga soo bilaabo xilli ciyaareedkii 1952/53, Di Stefano wuxuu mar kale heesaa La Scala, halkaas oo uu si cajiib ah u qabto qaybaha Rudolph iyo Enzo (La Gioconda ee Ponchielli). Xilli ciyaareedkii 1954/55, wuxuu sameeyay lix qaybood oo kireystaha dhexe ah, kuwaas oo wakhtigaas si buuxda uga tarjumayay awoodiisa iyo dabeecadda raadinta repertory: Alvaro, Turiddu, Nemorino, Jose, Rudolf iyo Alfred.

"Operas-ka Verdi iyo laxamiistaha dhabta ah," ayuu qoray VV Timokhin, - Di Stefano ayaa ka soo muuqday dhagaystayaasha hortooda isagoo ah heesaa dabeecad dhalaalaya, si cad u dareemaya oo si hufan u soo gudbinaya dhammaan kor iyo hoos u dhaca riwaayadaha Verdi-Verist, oo soo jiitay hodan hodan ah. , dhawaaq weyn, si xor ah "sabbaynaya", noocyo kala duwan oo khiyaano ah oo hadhyo firfircoon, heerar xoog leh iyo "qaraxyo" shucuur, midabyo timbre qani ah. Heesaagu wuxuu caan ku yahay weedho "farsamayn" oo cajiib ah, xarriiqo cod ah oo ku jira operas-ka Verdi iyo verists, haddii ay tahay lava kulul kulaylka dareenka ama iftiinka, neefta macaan ee neecawda. Xitaa qaybaha opera ee caanka ah sida, tusaale ahaan, "Muuqaalka Markabka" ("Manon Lescaut" ee Puccini), Calaf's aria ("Turandot"), finalka ugu dambeeya ee Mimi oo ka socda "La Boheme", "Sagootinta Hooyada "("Maamuka dalka"), Cavaradossi's Arias laga soo bilaabo ficillada koowaad iyo saddexaad ee "Tosca", farshaxanku wuxuu ku guuleystey "primordial" cusub oo cajiib ah iyo raynrayn, furfurnaan shucuur ah.

Laga soo bilaabo bartamihii 50-meeyadii, Di Stefano socdaalkiisii ​​guusha badnaa ee uu ku marayay magaalooyinka Yurub iyo Maraykanka ayaa sii socday. 1955, masraxa West Berlin Opera, wuxuu ka qaybqaatay soo saarista opera Donizetti ee Lucia di Lammermoor. Tan iyo 1954-kii, heesaa wuxuu si joogto ah u sameeyay lix sano masraxa Chicago Lyric.

Xilli ciyaareedkii 1955/56, Di Stefano wuxuu ku soo laabtay marxaladda Metropolitan Opera, halkaas oo uu ku heesay Carmen, Rigoletto iyo Tosca. Heesaaga ayaa inta badan ku soo bandhiga masraxa Rome Opera House.

Dadaalka uu ku ballaarinayo halabuurkiisa, heesaagu waxa uu ku darayaa doorka jileyaasha riwaayadaha qaybaha heesaha. Furitaankii xilli ciyaareedkii 1956/57 ee La Scala, Di Stefano wuxuu ku heesay Radamès ee Aida, iyo xilli ciyaareedkii xigay ee Un ballo ee maschera wuxuu ku heesay qaybta Richard.

Iyo doorarka qorshaha riwaayadda, farshaxanku wuxuu ahaa mid guul weyn la gaaray daawadayaasha. Opera "Carmen" ee dabayaaqadii 50-meeyadii, Di Stefano wuxuu filayey guul dhab ah oo ku saabsan masraxa Opera State Vienna. Mid ka mid ah dhaleeceeyayaasha ayaa xitaa qoray: waxay umuuqataa wax cajiib ah isaga sida Carmen uu u diidi karo dabkan, dabacsanaanta, qallafsanaanta iyo taabashada Jose.

In ka badan toban sano, Di Stefano wuxuu si joogto ah ugu heesay Opera State Vienna. Tusaale ahaan, kaliya 1964-kii ayuu halkan ku heesi jiray todobo operas: Un ballo in maschera, Carmen, Pagliacci, Madama Butterfly, Andre Chenier, La Traviata iyo Love Potion.

Bishii Janaayo 1965, toban sano ka dib, Di Stefano ayaa mar kale heesay Opera Metropolitan. Isagoo ciyaaray doorka Hoffmann ee Offenbach's Tales of Hoffmann, ma uusan awoodin inuu ka gudbo dhibaatooyinka qaybtan.

Sii socosho ayaa ku xigtay isla sanadkaas Masraxa Colon ee Buenos Aires. Di Stefano ayaa ku soo bandhigay kaliya Tosca, iyo qaab ciyaareedkii Un ballo ee maschera waa in la kansalay. In kasta oo, sida dhaleeceeyayaashu ay qoreen, qaybaha qaarkood codka heesaaga ayaa u muuqday mid aad u wanaagsan, iyo pianissimo sixir ah oo uu ku leeyahay duet ee Mario iyo Tosca oo ka yimid falkii saddexaad ayaa si buuxda u kiciyay farxadda dhageystayaasha, waxaa caddaatay in sanadihii ugu fiicnaa ee heesaa ay ka dambeeyaan isaga. .

Bandhiga Caalamiga ah ee Montreal "EXPO-67" bandhigyo taxane ah oo ah "Land of Smiles" ee Lehar oo ay ka qayb qaateen Di Stefano ayaa dhacay. Racfaanka fannaanka ee operetta waa lagu guulaystay. Fanaanku si fudud oo dabiici ah ayuu qaybtiisa ula qabsaday. Bishii Nofeembar 1967, isla operetta, wuxuu ku sameeyay masraxa Tiyaatarka Vienna der Wien. Bishii Maajo 1971, Di Stefano wuxuu ku heesay qaybta Orpheus ee Offenbach's operetta Orpheus ee Jahannamo masraxa Opera Rome.

Fanaanku si kastaba ha ahaatee waxa uu ku soo noqday masraxa opera-ga. Horraantii 1970-kii wuxuu ku sameeyay qaybta Loris ee Fedora ee Barcelona Liceu iyo Rudolf ee La bohème ee Tiyaatarka Qaranka ee Munich.

Mid ka mid ah qaab ciyaareedkii ugu dambeeyay ee Di Stefano ayaa dhacay xilli ciyaareedkii 1970/71 ee La Scala. Tenor-ka caanka ah wuxuu ku heesay qeybta Rudolf. Codka heesaaga, sida ay dhaleeceynayaan, wuxuu u dhawaaqay si cadaalad ah xitaa dhammaan xadka oo dhan, jilicsan oo nafta leh, laakiin mararka qaarkood wuxuu lumiyay xakamaynta codkiisa wuxuuna u muuqday mid aad u daalan falkii ugu dambeeyay.

Wuxuu saftay kulankiisii ​​ugu horreeyay 1946 (Reggio nel Emilia, qayb ka mid ah De Grieux ee Massenet's Manon). Laga soo bilaabo 1947 ee La Scala. 1948-65 wuxuu ku heesi jiray Metropolitan Opera (ugu horeeyay ee Duke). Sannadkii 1950kii, xafladda Arena di Verona, wuxuu ku sameeyay qaybta Nadiir ee Bizet's The Pearl Seekers. Sanadkii 1954-kii wuxuu ku sameeyay masraxa Grand Opera sida Faust. Waxa uu ka heesay Festival Edinburgh (1957) qayb ka mid ah Nemorino (Donizetti's Love Potion). Beerta Covent ee 1961 Cavaradossi. Di Stefano lammaanihiisa joogtada ah ee masraxa iyo duubista waxay ahayd Maria Callas. Iyada, wuxuu ku qaatay safar riwaayadeed oo weyn 1973. Di Stefano waa heesaa heersare ah qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XNUMXaad. Repertoire ballaaran waxaa ka mid ahaa qaybaha Alfred, José, Canio, Calaf, Werther, Rudolf, Radames, Richard in Un ballo ee maschera, Lensky iyo kuwa kale. Waxaa ka mid ah cajaladaha heesaha, wareegga dhan ee operas ee lagu duubay EMI oo ay weheliso Callas ayaa soo baxay: Bellini's Puritani (Arthur), Lucia di Lammermoor (Edgar), Love Potion (Nemorino), La bohème (Rudolf), Tosca (Cavaradossi), " Troubadour" (Manrico) iyo kuwa kale. Wuxuu jili jiray filimada.

E. Tsodokov