Issay Dobrowen |

Issay Dobrowen

Magaca dhabta ah iyo qoyska - Yitzchok Zorakhovich Barabeychik. Isaga oo 5 jir ah waxa uu u ciyaaray sidii piano-ga. In 1901-11 wuxuu wax ku bartay konserfatifka Moscow ee AA Yaroshevsky, KN Igumnov (class biyaano). 1911-12 wuxuu ku hormaray Dugsiga Sare ee Mastery ee Akademiyada Muusikada iyo Farshaxanka ee Vienna isagoo la socday L. Godowsky. In 1917-21 borofisar wax ka dhiga Dugsiga Philharmonic ee Moscow, fasalka biyaano.

Kaari ahaan, wuxuu ka soo muuqday Tiyaatarka. VF Komissarzhevskaya (1919), oo lagu qabtay Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ee Moscow (1921-22). Wuxuu u ciyaaray barnaamij riwaayadeed VI Lenin guriga EP Peshkova, oo ay ku jiraan L. Beethoven's sonata "Appassionata". Tan iyo 1923 wuxuu ku noolaa dibadda, sameeyey sida kaari ee riwaayadaha symphony iyo guryaha opera (oo ay ku jiraan Dresden State Opera, halkaas oo 1923 uu sameeyay wax soo saarka ugu horeysay ee Germany ee Boris Godunov). In 1 waxa uu ahaa kaari ugu horeysay ee Bolshoi Volksoper ee Berlin iyo agaasimaha Dresden Philharmonic Concerts. 1924-1, agaasimaha muusiga ee gobolka Opera ee Sofia. 1927kii waxa uu ahaa madaxa qabanqaabada riwaayada madxafka ee Frankfurt am Main.

1931-35 kii hogaamiyihii kooxda fannaanka ee San Francisco (2 xilli ciyaareed), waxa uu la soo baxay orkestarro badan, oo ay ku jiraan Minneapolis, New York, Philadelphia. Waxa uu kirishboygiisii ​​ku soo wareegay dalal kala duwan oo Yurub ah, sida Italy, Hungary, Sweden (1941-45 waxa uu agaasime ka ahaa Royal Opera ee Stockholm). Laga soo bilaabo 1948-kii wuxuu ka sameeyay Masraxa La Scala (Milan).

Dobrovein waxaa lagu kala soocay dhaqan muusiko sare leh, karti u leh kooxda orkestra, dareen qaafiyad gaar ah, farshaxannimo iyo dabeecad dhalaalaya. Qoraaga shaqooyin badan oo ku jira ruuxa Romantics iyo AN Scriabin, oo ay ka mid yihiin gabayo, ballads, qoob ka ciyaarka iyo qaybo kale oo biyaano ah, riwaayad loogu talagalay biyaano iyo orchestra; 2 sonatas ee biyaano (ka 2aad waxaa u heellan Scriabin) iyo 2 ee violin iyo biyaano; qaybo violin ah (oo leh biyaano); jaceylka, muusiga masraxa.

Wadankeena, Dobrovein waxaa loo yaqaanaa pianist. Qalin jabiyay konserfatifka Moscow, arday Taneyev iyo Igumnov, wuxuu ku hagaajiyay Vienna ee L. Godovsky wuxuuna si dhakhso ah u helay sumcadda Yurub. Horeba waqtiyadii Soofiyeedka, Dobrovein wuxuu lahaa sharaf inuu ku ciyaaro guriga Gorky Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, kaasoo aad u qadariyay farshaxankiisa. Farshaxanku wuxuu hayaa xusuusta kulanka Lenin nolosha. Sannado badan ka dib, isaga oo ixtiraamaya hoggaamiyihii weynaa ee kacaanka, Dobrovein ayaa ku qabtay Berlin riwaayad ay soo qabanqaabisay safaaradda Soofiyeedka sannad-guuradii dhimashada Ilyich ...

Dobrovein wuxuu sameeyay kulankiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay isagoo ah kaari ah 1919kii Masraxa Bolshoi. Guusha ayaa si degdeg ah u kortay, saddex sano ka dib waxaa lagu martiqaaday Dresden si uu u qabto bandhigyada guriga opera. Tan iyo markaas, soddon sano - ilaa dhimashadiisa - Dobrovein wuxuu ku qaatay dibadda, socdaalo iyo safarro joogto ah. Meel kasta waxaa looga yaqaanay oo loogu mahad naqay ugu horrayn isagoo ah borobogaande aad u adag iyo turjumaan wanaagsan oo muusig Ruush ah. Xitaa Dresden, guul dhab ah ayaa u keentay wax soo saarka "Boris Godunov" - kii ugu horreeyay ee marxaladda Jarmalka. Kadibna wuxuu ku celceliyay guushan Berlin, iyo wax badan ka dib - Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ka dib - Toscanini wuxuu ku martiqaaday Dobrovijn La Scala, halkaas oo uu ku sameeyay Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Prince Igor saddex xilli (1949-1951). ", "Kitezh", "Firebird", "Scheherazade"…

Dobrovein wuxuu u safray adduunka oo dhan. Waxa uu ka soo qabtay tiyaatarada iyo hoolalka riwaayadaha ee Rome, Venice, Budapest, Stockholm, Sofia, Oslo, Helsinki, New York, San Francisco iyo daraasiin magaalooyin kale ah. 30-meeyadii, farshaxanku wuxuu muddo ka soo shaqeeyay Ameerika, laakiin wuxuu ku guuldareystay inuu dejiyo adduunka ganacsiga muusikada wuxuuna ku laabtay Yurub sida ugu dhakhsaha badan. Dobrovijn tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay waxa uu inta badan ku noolaa Iswiidhan, isaga oo hormuud ka ahaa masraxiyad iyo koox faneedka Göteborg, isaga oo si joogto ah ugu soo bandhigi jiray Stockholm iyo magaalooyinka kale ee Iskandaneefiyanka iyo Yurub oo dhan. Sannadahan, wuxuu sameeyay cajalado badan oo ku saabsan diiwaannada muusikada Ruushka (oo ay ku jiraan riwaayadaha Medtner ee qoraaga sida soloist), iyo sidoo kale heesaha Brahms. Duubabkani waxa ay suurtogal ka dhigayaan in la dareemo waxa sirta ah ee soo jiidashada faneed ee kaareeyaha: fasiraadiisa waxa ay soo jiidataa dareen cusub, dareen degdeg ah, muujin, mararka qaarkood, si kastaba ha ahaatee, xidhashada dabeecad dibadda ah. Dobrovein wuxuu ahaa nin karti badan. Ka shaqeynta guryaha opera ee Yurub, wuxuu isu muujiyay ma aha oo kaliya inuu yahay kirishbooyada heerka koowaad, laakiin sidoo kale agaasime hibo leh. Waxa uu qoray opera "1001 Nights" iyo tiro ka mid ah curiyeyaasha biyaano.

"Hawlwadeenada Casriga ah", M. 1969.