Vladimir Ivanovich Rebikov |

Vladimir Rebikov

Nolosheyda oo dhan waxaan ku riyoonayay qaabab cusub oo farshaxan. A. Belay

Sanadihii 1910-aadkii waddooyinka Yalta waxaa la kulmi kara nin dheer oo muuqaal gaar ah leh oo had iyo jeer ku socda laba dalladood - caddaan cadceed iyo madow roobka. Taasi waxay ahayd muusikiiste iyo pianist V. Rebikov. Isagoo ku noolaa nolol gaaban, laakiin ay ka buuxaan dhacdooyin iyo kulamo ifaya, wuxuu hadda raadinayay kalinimo iyo nabad. Farshaxan hami cusub, raadiyaha "xeebaha cusub", laxamiistaha oo siyaabo badan uga hormaray asxaabtiisa isticmaalka hababka muujinta shakhsi ahaaneed, kaas oo markii dambe noqday saldhigga muusikada qarnigii XNUMXaad. ee shaqada A. Scriabin, I. Stravinsky, S. Prokofiev, K. Debussy - Rebikov ayaa la kulmay masiirka naxdinta leh ee muusikiiste aan la aqoonsanin dalkiisa hooyo.

Rebikov wuxuu ka dhashay qoys u dhow farshaxanka (hooyadii iyo walaashiis waxay ahaayeen pianists). Waxa uu ka qalin jabiyay Jaamacadda Moscow (Kulliyadda Filolojiga). Waxa uu bartay muusiga isagoo hogaaminaya N. Klenovsky (ardayga P. Tchaikovsky), ka dibna wuxuu u huray 3 sano oo shaqo adag si uu u barto aasaaska fanka muusikada ee Berlin iyo Vienna iyadoo ay hogaaminayaan macalimiin caan ah - K. Meyerberger (aragti muusig), O. Yasha (qalabka), T. Muller (piano).

Horeba sannadahaas, xiisaha Rebikov ee fikradda saameynta wadajirka ah ee muusikada iyo erayada, muusikada iyo rinjiyeynta ayaa ku dhashay. Waxa uu baranayaa gabayada calaamadaha Ruushka, gaar ahaan V. Bryusov, iyo rinjiyeynta farshaxanada ajnabiga ah ee isku midka ah - A. Böcklin, F. Stuck, M. Klninger. 1893-1901dii. Rebikov wax ku baray machadyada waxbarashada muusikada ee Moscow, Kyiv, Odessa, Chisinau, isaga oo meel walba muujinaya sida bare dhalaalaya. Waxa uu ahaa bilawga abuurista Society of Composers Ruush (1897-1900) - ururkii ugu horeeyay ee Ruush. Tobankii sano ee ugu horreeyay qarnigii XNUMXaad heerka ugu sarreeya ee ka-qaadista ugu sarreysa ee Rebikov curinta iyo waxqabadka farshaxan ayaa hoos u dhacay. Waxa uu bixiyaa riwaayado badan oo guul leh oo dibadda ah - Berlin iyo Vienna, Prague iyo Leipzig, Florence iyo Paris, waxay ku guulaystaan ​​aqoonsiga fanaaniinta caanka ah ee ajnabiga ah sida C. Debussy, M. Calvocoressi, B. Kalensky, O. Nedbal, Z. Needly , I. Pizzetti iyo kuwo kale.

Marxaladaha Ruushka iyo ajnabiga ah, shaqada ugu fiican ee Rebikov, opera "Yelka", ayaa si guul leh loo dhigay. Wargeysyada iyo majaladaha ayaa wax ka qora oo ka hadla isaga. Caannimada gaaban ee Rebikov ayaa ka baxday sanadahaas markii kartida Scriabin iyo Prokofiev da'da yar ay si xoog leh u muujiyeen. Laakiin xitaa markaas Rebikov si buuxda looma iloobin, sida uu caddaynayo xiisaha V. Nemirovich-Danchenko ee operakiisii ​​​​ugu dambeeyay, The Nest of Nobles (oo ku salaysan sheeko I. Turgenev).

Qaabka halabuurka Rebikov (10 operas, 2 ballet, wareegyo iyo qaybo badan oo barnaamij piano ah, jacayl, muusikada carruurta) ayaa ka buuxa kala duwanaansho fiiqan. Waxay isku daraysaa caadooyinka erayada maalinlaha ah ee Ruushka ah ee daacadda ah iyo kuwa aan micnaha lahayn (ma ahayn wax aan waxba ahayn in P. Tchaikovsky uu si wanaagsan ugu jawaabay hal-abuurkii Rebikov, kaas oo ka helay muusigga curiyaha da'da yar "hibo la tixgelin karo ... gabayo, is-waafajin qurux badan iyo xariif muusik oo aad u cajiib ah" ) iyo dhiiranaan hal abuur leh oo geesinimo leh. Tan waxaa si cad loo arkaa marka la barbar dhigo Rebikov's ugu horeysay, weli halabuurka fudud (wareegga biyaano "Xusuusta dayrta" u heellan Tchaikovsky, muusikada carruurta, opera "Yolka", iwm) iyo shuqulladiisa soo socda ("Sketches of Moods, Sound Poems, White Heesaha” ee biyaano, opera Tea iyo The Abyss, iwm), kuwaas oo muujinta macneheedu yahay sifada dhaqdhaqaaqyada faneed ee cusub ee qarnigii 50aad, sida astaanta, dareenka, muujinta, soo ifbaxa. Shaqooyinkani waxay sidoo kale ku cusub yihiin foomamka uu sameeyay Rebikov: "melomimics, meloplastics, recitations rhythmic, riwaayadaha muusiga-nafsiga." Hiddaha hal-abuurka ee Rebikov ayaa sidoo kale ka mid ah tiro ka mid ah maqaallo tayo leh oo qoran oo ku saabsan bilicda muusikada: "Duubista muusikada ee dareenka, Muusikada sanadka XNUMX, Orpheus iyo Bacchantes", iwm. tanina waa mudnaantiisa ugu weyn ee muusiga Ruushka.

KU SAABSAN. Tompakova

Halabuurka:

riwaayado (Riwaayadaha muusiga-cilmi-nafsiga iyo cilmi-nafsiga) - In duufaan (ku salaysan sheekada "The Forest waa buuqa" Korolenko, op. 5, 1893, post. 1894, Gaadiidka Magaalada, Odessa), Princess Mary (ku salaysan sheekada "The Halyeyga waqtigeena “Lermontov, aan la dhamayn.), Geedka kirismaska ​​(oo ku salaysan sheeko-xiliyeedka “The Girl with Matches” ee Andersen iyo sheekada “Wiilka Masiixa ee Geedka Kirismaska” ee uu qoray Dostoevsky, op. 21, 1900, post. 1903, ME Medvedev's Enterprise, tr "Aquarium" , Moscow; 1905, Kharkov), Shaaha (oo ku salaysan qoraalka gabayga ee magaca isku midka ah ee A. Vorotnikov, op. 34, 1904), Abyss (lib. R). ., iyadoo laga duulayo sheekadii isla magaca ee uu qoray LN Andreev, p. 40, 1907), Naag Toorey wadata (lib. R., oo ku salaysan sheekada gaaban ee isla magaca A. Schnitzler, p. 41, 1910 ), Alpha iyo Omega (lib. R., op. 42, 1911), Narcissus (lib. R., oo ku salaysan Metamorphoses "Ovid ee tarjumaadda TL Shchepkina-Kupernik, op. 45, 1912), Arachne (lib. R., sida uu qabo Ovid's Metamorphoses, op. 49, 1915), Noble Nest (lib. R., sida uu qabo hal sheeko oo uu qoray IS Turgenev, op. 55, 1916), xad-dhaafka carruurta ee Prince Handsome iyo Princess Wonderful Charm (1900-meeyadii); ballet - Barafka cad (oo ku salaysan sheeko-xilliyeedka "The Queen Snow" ee Andersen); qaybo loogu talagalay biyaano, heeso; jaceylka, heesaha carruurta (ee ereyada gabayada Ruushka); habaynta heesaha Czech iyo Slovakia, iwm.

Shaqooyinka suugaanta: Orpheus iyo Bacchantes, "RMG", 1910, No 1; 50 sano kadib, ibid., 1911, No. 1-3, 6-7, 13-14, 17-19, 22-25; Duubabka Muusiga ee Dareenka, ibid., 1913, No 48.

Tixraacyo: Karatygin VG, VI Rebikov, "7 maalmood gudahood", 1913, No 35; Stremin M., Ku saabsan Rebikov, "Nolosha Farshaxanka", 1922, No 2; Berberov R., (hordhac), ee ed.: Rebikov V., Qaybaha Piano, Xusuus-qorka 1, M., 1968.