Alexey Petrovich Ivanov |

Alexei Ivanov

Alexei Petrovich waxa uu ku dhashay 1904 ee qoyska macalin dugsiga parochial. Wiilku markuu koray, waxaa lagu qoray dugsigan, kaasoo ku yaallay tuulada Chizhovo, ee gobolka Tver. Heesaha ayaa lagu baray dugsiga, kaas oo sidoo kale ay qaadeen qoyska Ivanov. Aleksey yare waxa uu dhegaystay neefta oo kacday markii aabbihii iyo walaashii ay ku heesayeen heeso qaraami ah. Wax yar ka dibna ku biiray hobolada guriga iyo codkiisa. Tan iyo markaas, Alexey ma joojin heesaha.

Iskuulka dhabta ah ee Tver, halkaas oo Aleksey Petrovich uu galay, bandhigyo hiwaayadda ah ayaa lagu soo bandhigay ardayda. Doorkii ugu horeeyay ee uu ciyaaray Alexei wuxuu ahaa doorka Ant ee riwaayadda muusiga ee Krylov's sheeko "Dragonfly and Ant". Ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay kulliyadda, Alexei Petrovich waxa uu galay qaybta fiisigiska iyo xisaabta ee machadka Tver Pedagogical. Laga soo bilaabo 1926, waxa uu ka shaqaynayey macalin fiisigiska, xisaabaadka iyo makaanikada ee dugsiga FZU ee Hawlaha Qaadista Tver. Inta lagu jiro muddadan, duruus heeso dhab ah ayaa bilaabmaya. In 1928, Ivanov galay Leningrad Conservatory ah, iyada oo aan la joojin waxbarashada sayniska saxda ah ee dugsiyada iyo farsamada ee Leningrad.

Istuudiyaha opera ee konserfatifka, halkaas oo uu wax ku bartay hagida Ivan Vasilievich Ershov, wuxuu siiyay heesaa wax badan si uu u helo xirfadaha codka iyo masraxa. Diirimaad weyn, Alexei Petrovich ayaa dib u soo celiyay doorkiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay, oo lagu sameeyay masraxa istuudiyaha - qaybta Scarpia ee G. Puccini's opera Tosca. Sannadkii 1948-kii, iyada, heesaagii hore loo aqoonsaday, soloist ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, ayaa lagu sameeyay Bandhiga Guga ee Prague ee Prague Opera House oo ay la socdaan Dino Bodesti iyo Yarmila Pekhova. Iyada oo la raacayo hagida Yershov, Ivanov sidoo kale wuxuu diyaariyey qayb ka mid ah Gryaznoy ("Aroosadda Tsar").

Door muhiim ah oo ka mid ah samaynta tayada masraxa ee farshaxanka ayaa ciyaaray sannadihii uu joogay Leningrad Academic Maly Opera Theatre, oo ku saabsan marxaladda Alexei Petrovich uu bilaabay bandhigga 1932. Horeba wakhtigaas, dareenka dhow ee Fanaanada da'da yar ayaa soo jiitay mabaadi'da hal-abuurka ah ee Stanislavsky, dib-u-habeyntiisa masraxa muusikada, rabitaankiisa ah inuu ka adkaado clichés opera, kaas oo danaha jilaa-heesaha inta badan loo huray, taas oo la xiriirta taas oo waxqabadka opera lumiyay. daacadnimo oo u kala jabtay tiro gaar ah, badan ama ka yar oo si guul leh loo heesay. Intii uu ka shaqeynayay MALEGOT, Ivanov wuxuu la kulmay KS Stanislavsky wuxuuna la yeeshay sheeko dheer isaga, kaas oo uu ka helay casharrada ugu qiimaha badan ee muuqaalka sawirada opera.

1936-38, farshaxanku wuxuu ku ciyaaray masraxa Saratov iyo Gorky Opera Houses. Saratov, wuxuu ku soo bandhigay guul weyn sida Demon ee opera ee isla magaca A. Rubinstein. Horeba ka dib, isagoo fulinaya qaybta Demon ee laanta Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, heesaagu wuxuu si weyn u xoojiyey marxaladda jilitaanka geesiga Lermontov, isagoo helay taabasho muuqda oo ka dhigaya ruuxiisa caasinimo ee aan macquul ahayn. Isla mar ahaantaana, heesaagu wuxuu siiyay Jinka sifooyinka aadanaha, isaga oo aan u sawirin wax badan sida makhluuqaad qarsoodi ah, laakiin sida shakhsiyad xooggan oo aan rabin in uu u dulqaato caddaalad-darrada ku xeeran.

Marxaladda laanta Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, Alexei Petrovich wuxuu sameeyay kulankiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay ee doorka Rigoletto ee 1938. Haddii marxaladaha Galbeedka Yurub dabeecadda ugu weyni badanaa waa Duke, kaas oo qaybtiisa lagu daro riwaayadaha kiraystayaasha caanka ah, ka dibna wax soo saarka Bolshoi ah oo markaas la dhigay, masiirka jester Rigoletto helay muhiimadda hoggaamineed. Sannado badan oo uu ka shaqeynayay Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, Ivanov wuxuu ku heesay ku dhawaad ​​​​dhammaan heesaha baritone, shaqadiisa ku saabsan doorka Bes ee opera Cherevichki ayaa si gaar ah loogu xusay dhaleeceynta iyo daawadayaasha. Doorkan, Alexey Petrovich wuxuu muujiyay dabacsanaanta codka xooggan iyo codka, dhamaystirka ficilka. Codkiisu aad buu ugu cad yahay goobta higgaadda. Dareenka qosolka leh ee farshaxanku wuxuu ka caawiyay in laga saaro khiyaaliga sawirka Bes - Ivanov wuxuu u sawiray sida majaajillo ah oo jilicsan, xayawaan jilicsan, oo isku dayaya si aan waxtar lahayn si uu u galo qof. 1947, guul weyn, Ivanov wuxuu sameeyay qaybta Peter ee wax soo saarka cusub iyo daabacaadda A. Serov's Opera The Enemy Force. Waxa uu la kulmay hawl aad u adag, tan iyo daabacaadda cusub ee shaqada, Peter waxa uu noqday sawirka dhexe halkii uu ka heli lahaa bireeyaha Eremka. Waa kuwan sida kuwa dhaleeceeya sannadahaas u qoreen: "Aleksey Ivanov wuxuu ula qabsaday hawshan si cajiib leh, isaga oo u beddelaya xuddunta culeyska waxqabadka si uu u muujiyo codka runta ah iyo marxaladda uu abuuray, isaga oo si cad u huwaaya dareenka Peter nasasho la'aan, isbeddellada lama filaanka ah. laga bilaabo madadaalada aan la xakamayn karin ilaa niyad jabka murugada leh. Waa in la ogaadaa in fannaanka doorkan uu ku soo dhawaaday isha asalka ah ee opera - riwaayad Ostrovsky "Ha u noolaan sidaad rabto" oo si sax ah u fahmay fikradeeda, jihada anshaxa.

Dabeecadda kulul iyo kartida marxaladda ayaa had iyo jeer ka caawiyay Alexei Petrovich si uu u ilaaliyo xiisadda ficil-celinta, si loo gaaro daacadnimada sawirada hawlgalka. Sawirka heesaha ee Mazepa ee opera ee PI Tchaikovsky ayaa si fiican u soo baxay. Farshaxanku waxa uu si geesinimo leh u daaha ka qaaday iska hor imaadyada ka dhex jira haybadda muuqaalka kore ee hetman-kii hore iyo nuxurkiisa foosha xun ee khaa’inul waddan oo ka fog dareenka wanaagsan ee bini’aadmiga. Xisaabinta qabow waxay hagtaa dhammaan fikradaha iyo ficillada Mazepa ee uu sameeyay Ivanov. Sidaas darteed Mazepa ayaa amar ku bixisay in la dilo Kochubey, Maria aabaheed. Oo, markuu xumaantaas sameeyey, ayuu si naxariis leh isugu duubay Maryan, oo si indho la'aan ah isaga aamintay, oo wuxuu si qarsoodi ah u weyddiiyey labada midkood - isaga ama aabbaheed - oo ay allabari lahayd haddii labadooda midkood dhinto. Alexei Ivanov ayaa goobtan ku sameeyay muuqaal maskaxeed oo cajiib ah, kaas oo sii kordhaya xitaa sawirkii ugu dambeeyay, marka Mazepa uu arko burburka dhammaan qorshayaashiisa.

Alexei Petrovich Ivanov wuxuu ku safray ku dhawaad ​​​​dhammaan Midowga Soofiyeeti safaro, wuxuu u safray dibadda, wuxuu ka qaybqaatay wax soo saarka opera kala duwan ee guryaha opera shisheeye. Sannadkii 1945-kii, ka dib markii uu ku soo bandhigay Vienna, farshaxanku wuxuu helay ubaxa laurel oo ay ku qoran tahay: "Farshaxan weyn oo ka socda magaalada la xoreeyey ee Vienna." Heesaaga ayaa had iyo jeer xasuusan jiray amarkii MI Glinka ee ku saabsan "cod si xor ah u qulqulaya, midab diirran oo had iyo jeer macno leh." Erayadani waxay si aan ikhtiyaari ahayn maskaxda ku hayaan markaad maqasho heesaha Alexei Petrovich, markaad u bogatid qaamuuskiisa wanaagsan, oo u keenaya erey kasta dhegeystaha. Ivanov waa qoraaga buugaag badan, oo ay ka mid yihiin meel gaar ah oo ay ku jiraan xusuus-qorkiisa, oo lagu daabacay buug la yiraahdo "Nolosha Farshaxanka".

Sawirka ugu weyn ee AP Ivanov:

1. Opera "Carmen" ee G. Bizet, qayb ka mid ah Escamillo, heesaha iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ee uu qabtay V. Nebolsin, oo la duubay 1953, wada-hawlgalayaasha - V. Borisenko, G. Nelepp, E. Shumskaya iyo kuwo kale. (Hadda waxaa lagu sii daayaa CD-ga dalkeenna iyo dibadda)
2. Opera "Pagliacci" ee R. Leoncavallo, qayb ka mid ah Tonio, heeso iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi qabtay V. Nebolsin, duubista "live" ee 1959, wada-hawlgalayaasha - M. Del Monaco, L. Maslennikova, N. Timchenko, E. Belov. (Wakhtigii u dambeeyay waxaa lagu sii daayay diiwaanka cod-garaafka 1983-kii ee shirkadda Melodiya)
3. Opera "Boris Godunov" ee M. Mussorgsky, qayb ka mid ah Andrei Shchelkalov, heesta iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi qabanqaabiyay A. Melik-Pashaev, oo la duubay 1962, la-hawlgalayaasha - I. Petrov, G. Shulpin, V. Ivanovsky, M. Reshetin, I Arkhipova iyo kuwa kale. (Waxa lagu sii daayay CD-ga dibada)
4. Opera "Khovanshchina" ee M. Mussorgsky, qayb ka mid ah Shaklovity, heeso iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi qabtay V. Nebolsin, diiwaan 1951, wada-hawlgalayaasha - M. Reizen, M. Maksakov, A. Krivchenya, G. Bolshakov, N. Khanaev iyo kuwa kale. (Waxa lagu sii daayay CD-ga dibada)
5. Opera "Dubrovsky" ee E. Napravnik, qayb ka mid ah Troekurov, heeso iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi qabanqaabiyay V. Nebolsin, oo la duubay 1948, la-hawlgalayaasha - I. Kozlovsky, N. Chubenko, E. Verbitskaya, E. Ivanov, N. Pokrovskaya iyo kuwa kale. (Siideynta u dambeysay ee diiwaanka gramophone-ka ee shirkadda Melodiya ee 70-meeyadii qarnigii XX)
6. Opera "Sheekada Tsar Saltan" ee N. Rimsky-Korsakov, qayb ka mid ah farriinta, heesaha iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ee uu sameeyay V. Nebolsin, oo la duubay 1958, la-hawlgalayaasheeda - I. Petrov, E. Smolenskaya, V. Ivanovsky , G. Oleinichenko, L. Nikitina, E. Shumilova, P. Chekin iyo kuwo kale. (Waxa lagu sii daayay CD-ga dibada)
7. Opera "Aroosadda Tsar" ee N. Rimsky-Korsakov, qayb ka mid ah Gryaznoy, heesta iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, duubista "live" ee 1958, wada-hawlgalayaasha - E. Shumskaya, I. Arkhipova. (Duubitaanka waxa lagu kaydiyaa lacagaha raadiyaha, laguma sii dayn CD)
8. Opera "Demon" ee A. Rubinstein, qayb ka mid ah Demon, hobolada iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi qabanqaabiyay A. Melik-Pashaev, duubay 1950, la-hawlgalayaasha - T. Talakhadze, I. Kozlovsky, E. Gribova, V. Gavryushov iyo kuwo kale. (Waxa lagu sii daayay CD-ga dalkeenna iyo dibadda)
9. Opera "Mazepa" ee P. Tchaikovsky, qaybta Mazepa, heesaha iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi ee uu qabtay V. Nebolsin, oo la duubay 1948, wada-hawlgalayaasha - I. Petrov, V. Davydova, N. Pokrovskaya, G. Bolshakov iyo kuwa kale. (Waxa lagu sii daayay CD-ga dibada)
10. Opera "The Queen of Spades" by P. Tchaikovsky, qayb ka mid ah Tomsky, heeso iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi qabtay A. Melik-Pashaev, oo la duubay 1948, wada-hawlgalayaasha - G. Nelepp, E. Smolenskaya, P. Lisitsian, E Verbitskaya, V. Borisenko iyo kuwa kale. (Waxaa lagu sii daayay CD gudaha Ruushka iyo dibadda)
11. Opera "Cherevichki" ee P. Tchaikovsky, qayb ka mid ah Bes, hobolada iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi qabtay A. Melik-Pashaev, diiwaan 1948, la-hawlgalayaasha - E. Kruglikova, M. Mikhailov, G. Nelepp, E. Antonova, F. Godovkin iyo kuwo kale. (Waxa lagu sii daayay CD-ga dibada)
12. Opera "The Decembrists" by Y. Shaporin, qayb ka mid ah Ryleev, heeso iyo orchestra ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi qabtay A. Melik-Pashaev, oo la duubay 1955, wada-hawlgalayaasha - A. Pirogov, N. Pokrovskaya, G. Nelepp, E. Verbitskaya , I. Petrov, A. Ognivtsev iyo kuwo kale. (Markii ugu dambeysay ee lagu sii daayay diiwaannada gramophone-ka "Melodiya" ee 60-meeyadii dambe ee qarnigii XX) Waxaa ka mid ah fiidiyowyada ka qaybqaadashada filimka caanka ah ee AP Ivanova "Cherevychki", toogashadii dhamaadka 40-meeyadii iyadoo ka qaybqaadashada ee G. Bolshakova, M. Mikhailova iyo kuwo kale.