Nidaamka Chromatic |

Nidaamka Chromatic - nidaam laba iyo toban-tallaabo ah, tonality dheerad ah, - nidaam wada-noolaanshaha tonal ah oo u oggolaanaya, gudaha cod-bixin la bixiyay, qaab-dhismeed kasta oo ka mid ah laba iyo tobanka tallaabo ee miisaanka chromatic.

U gaar ah X. leh. waa tillaabooyin aan lagu darin hababka diatonic ama kuwa yar yar midkood (fiiri Diatonic, Major-yar) oo aan ahayn is-waafajinta habab-hoosaadyada ( leexleexooyinka) dhexdooda; Tusaalaha waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay qoraalo madow:

Tusaalaha codsiga is-waafajinta ee X. leh:

SS Prokofiev. "Betrothal in a Monastery" ("Duenna"), muuqaalka 1. (Chord X. s. n II waxay si firfircoon u beddeshay DV halkan iyadoo la raacayo mabda'a beddelka tritone.)

Harmony X. s. leh dhalaal weyn iyo dhalaal cod. Waxaa jira laba nooc oo asaasi ah X. c. - iyada oo la ilaalinayo saldhigga mono-mode (chromatic major ama chromatic small; in shuqullada SS Prokofiev) iyo diidmada (tonality chromatic iyada oo aan la cayimin qaabka; by P. Hindemith). Nidaamyada labada noocba waxaa loo isticmaalaa labadaba iyada oo xaruntu tahay qaab shibbane ah. shibbane (eeg tusaalaha sare; sidoo kale fugue ee C ee ka soo jeeda Ludus tonalis ee Hindemith), iyo dareen la'aan. xarunta (mawduuca ugu muhiimsan ee "Great Sacred Dance" ee "Rite of Spring" by IF Stravinsky; mawduuca ugu muhiimsan ee qaybta 2aad ee "Lyrical Suite" by Berg). Dep. muujinta X. leh. mar hore laga helay muusiga qarnigii 19-aad. (AP Borodin, xidhitaanka cadence ee "Polovtsian Dances" ee opera "Prince Igor": HV-I), laakiin waxa ay inta badan ka mid ah muusikada tonal qarnigii 20aad. (DD Shostakovich, N. Ya. Myaskovsky, AI Khachaturyan, TN Khrennikov, DB Kabalevsky, RK Shchedrin, A. Ya. Eshpay, RS Ledenev, B Bartok, A. Schoenberg, A. Webern iyo kuwa kale).

In fikradda sayniska music X. leh. Waxaa soo bandhigay SI Taneev (1880, 1909) iyo BL Yavorsky (1908). Erayga "tonality chromatic" waxaa isticmaalay Schoenberg (1911). Fasiraadda casriga ah ee X. s. Waxaa bixiyay VM Belyaev (1930). Si faahfaahsan aragtida X. leh. horumaray 60-kii. Qarnigii 20aad (M. Skorik, SM Slonimsky, ME Tarakanov, iwm).

Tixraacyo: Taneev SI, Warqad ku socota PI Tchaikovsky oo ku taariikhaysan Ogosto 6, 1880, ee buugga: PI Tchaikovsky - SI Taneev, Warqadaha, (M.), 1951; isaga u gaar ah, Movable counter point of qoraal adag, Leipzig, 1909, M., 1959; Yavorsky B., Qaab dhismeedka hadalka muusiga, qaybta 1, M., 1908; Catuar GL, Koorsada is-waafajinta aragtida, qaybaha 1-2, M., 1924-1925; Belyaev VM, "Boris Godunov" ee Mussorgsky. Waayo-aragnimada falanqaynta mawduuca iyo aragtida, ee buugga: Mussorgsky, Maqaallada iyo cilmi-baarista, vol. 1, M., 1930; Ogolevets AS, Hordhac fikirka muusiga casriga ah, M.-L., 1946; Skorik MM, Prokofiev iyo Schoenberg, "SM", 1962, No 1; isaga u gaar ah, nidaamka Ladovaya S. Prokofiev, K., 1969; Slonimsky SM, Symphonies Prokofiev. Waayo-aragnimada cilmi-baarista, M.-L., 1964; Tiftikidi N., Nidaamka Chromatic, "Musicology", vol. 3, Alma-Ata, 1967; Tarakanov ME, Habka heesaha Prokofiev, M., 1968; Schoenberg A., Harmonielehre, W., 1911; Hindemith P., Unterweisung im Tonsatz, Bd 1, Mainz, 1937; Kohoutek S., Novodobé skladebné smery v hudbe, Praha, 1965 (Turjumaadda Ruushka - Kohoutek Ts., Farsamada curinta ee muusikada qarnigii 1976, M., XNUMX).

Yu. N. Kholopov