Fugetta |
Talyaani. fughetta, shiday. - geed yar; Faransiis, Ingiriis fughetta; Jarmalka Fughetta, Fughette
Marka la eego fudud marka la eego nuxurka fanka iyo mala-awaalka, farsamooyinka halabuurka iyo hufnaanta, fugue (1).
F. waxaa badanaa loo qoraa xubin ama ph. ( fanaaniinta kale waa naadir: heesta "Ka macaan malab waa eray macaan" oo ka yimid falkii 1aad ee opera "Aroosadda Tsar", orkestral intermezzo ka daabacaadda 1aad ee opera "Mozart iyo Salieri" by Rimsky-Korsakov). Sida caadiga ah, F. kuma jiraan horumarinta adag ee muuska muhiimka ah. fikradaha, dhaq-dhaqaaqeeda waa la cabbiraa, dabeecadda inta badan waa mid milicsan (org. Habaynta heesaha ee J. Pachelbel), lyric-contemplative (F. d-moll Bach, BWV 899), mararka qaarkood scherzo (F. G-dur Bach, BWV). 902). Tani waxay go'aaminaysaa muuqaalka mawduucyada F. - badiyaa yar oo siman (isticmaalka heesaha heesaha waa mid caadi ah: Saddex F. ee piano ee mawduucyada Ruushka ee Rimsky-Korsakov, piano Prelude iyo Fugue "Subaxda xagaaga ee Lawn ” op. 61 ee Kablevsky). Marar badan, qormada F. oo ay ugu wacan tahay cabbirkiisa yar, si kastaba ha ahaatee, fahamka ereyada "F." iyo "fugue yar" sida erayada isku midka ah had iyo jeer looma caddeeyo (c-moll fugue laga soo bilaabo mugga 2aad ee Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier, 28 cabbir; clavier F. No 3 ee D-dur by Handel, 100 cabbir). Suurtagal maaha in la sawiro xariiq cad oo u dhexeeya F., fugue iyo fugue yar (Fp. F. No 4 op. 126 ee Schumann dhab ahaantii fugue; Fp. Fugues op. 43 ee Myaskovsky waxay la mid yihiin F.).
F. waxaa loo dhisay mabda'a si la mid ah fugues "weyn" (fiiri, tusaale ahaan, double F. No4 C-dur ee Handel's clavier, org F. ilaa Pachelbel chorale), laakiin had iyo jeer waa ka yar yihiin miisaan ahaan. Dhismaha ugu dhammaystiran oo xasilloon ee bandhigga; qaybta soo koraya ee foomka inta badan waa yar-ma badna hal koox oo hordhac ah (xaalado badan, halabuurayaashu waxay u arkaan in isku xigxiga ama isku dhafka ku dayan uu yahay mid ku filan: org. choral F. "Allein Gott in der Höch' sei Ehr" ee Bach , BWV 677); qaybta ugu dambeysa ee foomka waxay inta badan ku kooban tahay midnimada. fulinta dulucda (fp. F. in h-moll op. 9 No 3 by Čiurlionis). In kasta oo isticmaalka foomamka ka-hortagga adag ee aan laga saarin (kanon-ka aan dhammaadka lahayn ee F. No 4 ee C-dur ee Handel, baararka 10-15, rogidda mawduuca F. ee "Buugga Xusuus-qorka Polyphonic" ee piano Shchedrin, stretta in weyneynta biyaano F. ee d-moll ee Arensky) , haddana noocyada fudud ee ku dayashada F. waa caadada. F. waxay u dhacdaa si madaxbannaan. prod. (F. c-moll Bach, BWV 961), sida kala duwanaansho (No 10 iyo 16 ee Bach's Goldberg Variations, No 24, in Beethoven's Variations on Waltz by Diabelli, F. ee Rimsky-Korsakov's BACH theme in Paraphrases "), sida qayb ka mid ah wareegga ("Mini Suite" ee xubinta, op. 20 by Ledenev). Waxaa jira ra'yi ah in F. laga yaabo inay noqoto qayb ka mid ah gebi ahaanba weyn (Praut, ch. X), laakiin xaaladahan oo kale, F. ficil ahaan kama duwana fugato. F. inta badan ka hor geli. gabalku waa horudhac ama khiyaali (Fantasies iyo F. B-dur, Bach D-dur, BWV 907, 908); F. inta badan waxaa lagu daraa ururin ama wareegyo (Baxa's Preludes and Fughettas, BWV 899-902, Handel's Six Fugues for Organ or Harpsichord, op. 3, Schumann's Four Fp. F. op. 126). Markay tahay 17 - Dabaqa 1aad. Qarnigii 18aad org. F. oo ah nooc ka mid ah habaynta laxanka chorale (sida caadiga ah kaliya buug-gacmeedyada) ayaa loo isticmaali jiray si joogto ah iyo siyaabo kala duwan (J. Pachelbel, JKF Fischer, JK Bach, JG Walter). Muunadaha saxda ah waxaa iska leh JS Bach (qaar ka mid ah org. F. qaybta 3aad ee "Clavier Exercises" waa noocyada gacanta ka fudud ee habaynta choral waaweyn: tusaale ahaan, "Dies sind die heilgen zehn Gebot", BWV 678 iyo 679); hordhacyo yaryar iyo fugues xubnaha jirka (BWV 553-560) iyo F. ee clavier Bach loogu talagalay barbaarinta. gool. Halabuurayaasha dabaqa 2aad. Qarniyadii 18-19aad (WF Bach, L. Beethoven, A. Reich, R. Schumann, NA Rimsky-Korsakov) waxay u jeesteen F. si aad u yar; Qarnigii 20-aad waxa uu noqday mid ku baahay dhinaca wax barida iyo barbaarinta. repertoire (SM Maykapar, AF Geedike iyo kuwa kale).
Tixraacyo: Zolotarev VA, Hagaha Fuga ee daraasad wax ku ool ah, M., 1932, 1965; Dmitriev AN, Polyphony oo ah qodobka qaabaynta, L., 1962; Rrout E., Fugue, L., 1894, 1900 Eeg sidoo kale shiday. ilaa Art. Fugue.
VP Frayonov
