Jacques Ibert (Jacques Ibert) |

Jacques Ibert

Jacques Ibert (magaca buuxa Jacques Francois Antoine Ibert, Ogosto 15, 1890, Paris - Febraayo 5, 1962, Paris) wuxuu ahaa laxamiistaha Faransiiska.

Iber wuxuu u dhashay Antoine Ibert, iibiye, iyo Marguerite Lartigue, ina-adeerkii labaad ee Manuel de Falla. Isaga oo afar jir ah, waxa uu bilaabay barashada ciyaarta violin-ka iyo biyaano-ga iyadoo ay hagayso hooyadii. Laba iyo toban jir, wuxuu akhriyay buug-is-waafajin oo ay sameeyeen Reber iyo Dubois, wuxuu bilaabay inuu curiyo waltzes yaryar iyo heeso. Markii uu dugsiga ka baxay, waxa uu shaqo ka helay maareeye bakhaar si uu u caawiyo aabihiis oo wakhtigaas ganacsigiisu aanu aad u guulaysan. Si qarsoodi ah uga yimid waalidkiis, wuxuu si gaar ah u bartay solfeggio iyo aragtida muusikada, wuxuuna sidoo kale ka qayb galay fasallo jilitaanka Paul Moonet. Mune ayaa kula taliyay ninka dhalinyarada ah inuu doorto xirfadda jilaa, laakiin waalidiinta Iber ma aysan taageerin fikradan, wuxuuna go'aansaday inuu naftiisa u huro gabi ahaanba muusikada.

1910kii, talada Manuel de Falla, Iber wuxuu codsaday Conservatoire Paris waxaana loo ogolaaday "dhegeyste", iyo sanad ka dib - tababar buuxa oo ku saabsan fasalada counterpoint André Gedalge, is-waafajinta - Emile Pessar , Halabuurka iyo abaabulka – Paul Vidal. Ardayda ay isku fasalka ahaayeen waxaa ka mid ahaa laxamiistayaashii caanka ahaa ee Arthur Honegger iyo Darius Milhaud. Ibert wuxuu sameeyay nolol maalmeed isagoo bixinaya casharo gaar ah, isagoo ku ciyaaraya biyaano shaleemooyinka Montmartre, wuxuuna curiyay heeso iyo qoob ka ciyaar (qaar ka mid ah waxaa lagu daabacay magaca William Bertie).

Markii uu qarxay dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, Iber, oo aan ku habboonayn adeegga milatariga sababo caafimaad dartood, ayaa si habsami leh u aaday safka hore ee November 1914. Sannadkii 1916kii, waxa uu la bukooday tiifowga, waxaana lagu qasbay inuu dib ugu laabto. Muddo gaaban, wuxuu ku biirayaa kooxda curiyeyaasha cusub ee da'yarta ee uu abuuray Eric Satie wuxuuna ka qaybqaataa riwaayado dhowr ah Georges Auric, Louis Duray iyo Arthur Honegger. Sannad ka dib, Iber wuxuu ku biiray ciidamada badda, halkaas oo uu ugu dhakhsaha badan helay darajada sarkaal oo uu ka shaqeeyay Dunkirk dhowr sano. Bishii Oktoobar 1919, oo aan weli la saarin, Iber wuxuu ka qaybqaatay tartanka Rome Prize ee cantata "The Poet and Fairy" oo isla markiiba helaya Grand Prix, kaas oo u oggolaanaya inuu ku noolaado Rome saddex sano. Isla sanadkaas, Ibert wuxuu guursaday Rosette Weber, gabadhii rinjiile Jean Weber. Bishii Febraayo 1920, lammaanuhu waxay u guureen Rome, halkaas oo laxamiistaha uu qoray shaqadii ugu horreysay ee ugu horreysay ee orchestra - "The Ballad of Reading Prison" oo ku saleysan gabayga isla magaca Oscar Wilde. Xilligii Roomaanka ee hal-abuurka waxaa ka mid ah opera "Perseus iyo Andromeda", suites "Taariikhda" ee biyaano iyo "Dekedaha" ee orchestra. Kaliya dhaqdhaqaaq joogto ah iyo iskudhac saafi ah ayaa horseeday xaqiiqda ah in 1920-kii naqdiye muusig Henri Collet, "tirinta" curiyeyaasha da'da yar, kuma jiraan Jacques Ibert ee kooxda caanka ah ee caanka ah ee "Lix".

Sannadkii 1923-kii, halabuurku waxa uu ku laabtay Paris, halkaas oo uu ka ahaa curis ahaan, waxa kale oo uu wax ka baray hab-u-habaynta dugsiga Universal. Saddex sano ka dib, Iber wuxuu iibsaday guri qarnigii XNUMXaad ee Normandy, halkaas oo uu ku qaato dhowr bilood sannadkii, isagoo doonaya inuu ka fogaado mashquulka magaalada. Gurigan, wuxuu abuuri doonaa halabuuradiisa ugu caansan: Divertimento for orkestra, opera King Yveto, Ballet Knight Errant iyo kuwa kale.

Sannadkii 1927-kii waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay muuqaalka opera "Angelica", oo lagu soo bandhigay Paris oo keenaysa qoraageeda caannimada adduunka. Sannadihii xigay, Iber wuxuu wax badan ka shaqeeyay muusikada soo saarista masraxa iyo filimada, oo ay ku jiraan Don Quixote (1932) oo leh Fyodor Chaliapin doorka cinwaanka. Laxamiistaha ayaa sidoo kale abuuraya tiro ka mid ah shaqooyinka orchestra, oo ay ku jiraan Symphony Sea, taas oo, sida uu rabo, aan la samayn ilaa dhimashadiisa.

1933-1936, Iber wuxuu qoray Concerto Flute iyo Chamber Concertino ee Saxophone, iyo sidoo kale laba ballet oo waaweyn oo heeso ah (oo ay xilsaartay Ida Rubinstein): Diana of Poitiers iyo Knight Errant. Wuxuu qaadaa socdaal ballaaran oo Yurub ah, wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa shaqadiisa sida kaari, wuxuu hagaa wax soo saarka ugu horreeya ee "King Yveto" ee Düsseldorf. Si wadajir ah Honegger, opera "Eaglet" ayaa la abuuray.

Sanadkii 1937, Iber wuxuu helay jagada agaasimaha Akadeemiyada Faransiiska ee Rome (markii ugu horeysay tan iyo 1666, booskan waxaa loo magacaabay muusik). Waxa uu mar kale u jeestay shaqada wadajirka ah ee Honegger: operetta "Cardinal Baby", oo lagu soo bandhigay Paris, waxay ahayd guul weyn.

Laga soo bilaabo bilawgii dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka, Ibert waxa uu u ahaa ku xigeenka ciidamada badda ee safaarada Faransiiska ee Rome. 10-kii Juun, Talyaanigu wuxuu galay dagaalka, maalintii xigtay, Iber iyo qoyskiisa waxay ka baxeen Rome iyagoo raacay tareen diblomaasiyadeed.

Bishii Ogosto 1940, Ibert waa la eryay, wareegto gaar ah oo ka timid dawladda Vichy, magaciisa ayaa laga tirtiray liiska saraakiisha badda, shaqadiisana waa mamnuuc in la qabto. Afarta sano ee soo socota, Iber wuxuu ku noolaa boos sharciyeed, isaga oo sii waday inuu curiyo (1942 wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay Quartet String, kaas oo bilaabay shan sano ka hor). Bishii Oktoobar 1942, Iber wuxuu u suurtagashay inuu u guuro Switzerland, halkaas oo uu bilaabay inuu yeesho dhibaatooyin caafimaad oo halis ah (sepsis).

Ka dib xoraynta Paris bishii Ogosto 1944, Ibert wuxuu ku laabtay Faransiiska. Laga soo bilaabo 1945 ilaa 1947 muusiggu wuxuu mar kale madax ka noqday Akademiyada Faransiiska ee Rome. Iber wuxuu mar kale qoraa muusikada loogu talagalay soo saarista masraxa iyo filimada, ballet-yada, wuxuu sameeyaa halabuurkiisa.

Tan iyo 1950-meeyadii, Iber wuxuu bilaabay inuu la kulmo dhibaatooyin nidaamka wadnaha, kaas oo ku qasbay inuu joojiyo bandhigga riwaayadaha iyo waxbaridda. Sannadkii 1960-kii abwaanku wuxuu ka soo guuray Rome una guuray Paris.

Iber waxa uu dhintay February 5, 1962 wadne xanuun. Sanadihii ugu dambeeyay ee noloshiisa, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay Symphony Labaad, kaas oo weli aan dhammayn. Halabuurkii waxa lagu aasay qabuuraha Passy.

Shaqada Iber waxay isku daraysaa curiyeyaasha neoclassical iyo raynrayn leh: caddaynta iyo is-waafajinta qaabka, xorriyadda heesaha, laxanka dabacsan, qalabaynta midabka leh. Iber waa sayidkii kala duwanaanshaha muusiga, kaftan fudud.

Halabuurka:

riwaayado - Perseus iyo Andromeda (1923 post. 1929, tr "Grand Opera", Paris), Gonzago (1929, Monte Carlo; 1935, tr "Opera majaajilada", Paris), King Yveto (1930, trp "Opera Comic", Paris), Eaglet (oo ku salaysan ciyaarta magaca isku midka ah ee E. Rostand, oo ay weheliso A. Honegger, 1937, Monte Carlo); balastarro - Kulamada (dhibcaha waxaa la abuuray iyadoo lagu saleynayo qolka piano, 1925, Grand Opera, Paris), Diane de Poitiers (choreography by M. Fokine, 1934, ibid.), Jacaylka Jacaylka Jupiter (1946, "Tr Champs). Elysees, Paris), Knight Errant (oo ku salaysan Cervantes'Don Quixote, muusiga filimka Don Quixote, choreography by S. Lifar, 1950, Grand Opera, Paris), Triumph of Chastity (1955, Chicago); operetta - Cardinal ilmaha (oo ay weheliyaan Honegger, 1938, tr "Buff-Parisien", Paris); soloists, hobolada iyo orkestra - cantata (1919), Elizabethan Suite (1944); Orchestra - Christmas in Picardy (1914), Harbors (3 sawir-gacmeed: Rome - Palermo, Tunisia - Nephia, Valencia, 1922), Enchanting Scherzo (1925), Divertimento (1930), Suite Paris (1932), Festive Overture (1942) , Orgy (1956); qalabka iyo orchestra - Concerto Symphony (loogu talagalay oboe iyo strings, 1948), concertos (loogu talagalay biibiile, 1934; yeyda iyo qalabka dabaysha, 1925), concertino Chamber (loogu talagalay saxophone, 1935); qalabaynta qolka - saddex (loogu talagalay skr., wlch. iyo kataarad, 1940), xargaha xargaha (1943), quintet dabaysha, iwm.; xabbadood ee biyaano, xubin, gitaar; heeso; muusiga iyo waxqabadka masraxa riwaayadaha - "Koofiyadda Straw" ee Labish (1929), "July 14" ee Rolland (oo ay la socdaan halabuurayaasha Faransiiska, 1936), "Riyada Habeenka Midsommer" ee Shakespeare (1942), iwm .; muusikada filimada, oo ay ku jiraan. Don Quixote (oo ay ka qayb qaadanayaan FI Chaliapin); muusigga bandhigyada raadiyaha - Masiibadii Doctor Faust (1942), Bluebeard (1943), iwm.