Nazib Zhiganov |

Nazib Zhiganov

Heesaha, naftayda ayaan ku koray geedahaaga…

Khadkaan Musa Jalil ee "Buugga Moabit" waxaa si sax ah loogu tiirin karaa muusigga saaxiibkiis iyo saaxiibkiis hal-abuurka N. Zhiganov. Aaminaad u leh aasaaska faneed ee muusiga dadweynaha Tatar, wuxuu helay habab asal ah oo miro dhal ah xiriirkeeda nololeed ee mabaadi'da hal-abuurka ah ee heerarka muusiga adduunka. Waxay ahayd aasaaskan in shaqadiisa kartida iyo asalka ah ay kor u kacday - 8 operas, 3 ballet, 17 heeso, ururinta qaybo piano, heeso, jacayl.

Zhiganov waxa uu ku dhashay qoys heersare ah. Isaga oo waalidkii hore u waayey, waxa uu dhawr sannadood ku qaatay xarumaha agoomaha. Dhaqdhaqaaq iyo firfircooni, Nazib wuxuu si muuqata uga dhex muuqday ardayda Ural Pioneer Commune isaga oo wata awoodiisa muusigeed ee aadka u wanaagsan. Rabitaanka waxbarasho dhab ah ayaa u horseedaysa Kazan, halkaas oo 1928-kii la dhigay Kulliyadda Muusiga ee Kazan. Xilligii dayrta ee 1931, Zhiganov wuxuu noqday arday dhigta Kulliyadda Muusikada Gobolka ee Moscow (hadda Dugsiga Muusikada ee Moscow Conservatory). Guusha hal-abuurka ah waxay ogolaatay Nazib, talada N. Myaskovsky, 1935 si uu u noqdo arday sannadka saddexaad ee Conservatory Moscow ee fasalka macalinkiisii ​​hore, Professor G. Litinsky. Masiirka shaqooyinka waaweyn ee la abuuray sannadihii Conservatory-ga ayaa u soo baxay in ay noqdaan kuwo xiiso leh: 1938-kii, riwaayaddii ugu horreysay ee riwaayadda, oo furay Tatar State Philharmonic, Symphony-kiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay ayaa la sameeyay, iyo Juun 17, 1939, wax soo saarka opera Kachkyn (The Fugitive, lib. A Fayzi) waxa uu furay Tiyaatarka Opera iyo Ballet ee Gobolka Tatar. Heesaa dhiirigelin leh oo ka mid ah ficillada geesinimada leh ee dadka magaca Hooyo - iyo mawduucan, marka lagu daro "Kachkyn", waxay u heellan tahay operas "Irek" ("Freedom", 1940), "Ildar" (1942). , "Tyulyak" (1945), "Namus" (" Honor, 1950), - laxamiistaha ayaa si buuxda u muujinaya mawduucan udub dhexaad u ah isaga shaqadiisa sare - ee opera taariikhiga ah iyo halyeeyga "Altynchach" ("Golden-timo", 1941, libre. M. Jaliil) iyo opera-gabay "Jaliil" (1957, lib. A. Faizi). Labaduba waxay ku soo jiitaan qoto dheer shucuur iyo maskaxeed iyo daacadnimo dhab ah oo muusik ah, oo leh laxan qeexan oo ilaalinaya aasaaska qaranka, iyo isku darka xirfad leh ee muuqaallada horumarsan iyo kuwa la taaban karo oo leh wax ku ool ah iyada oo loo marayo horumarinta astaamaha.

Wax ku biirinta weyn ee Zhiganov ee Tataarka symphonism waa mid aan la kala sooci karin oo la xiriirta opera. Gabayga caanka ah ee “Kyrlai” (oo ku salaysan sheeko-xiliyeedka “Shuraale” ee G. Tukay), soo-jiidashada riwaayadda ah ee “Nafisa”, riwaayadaha riwaayadaha iyo heesaha Symphonic, 17 riwaayadood, oo la isku daray, ayaa loo arkaa inay yihiin cutubyo dhalaalaya oo faneedka. Taariikhda: sawirada sheekooyinka xikmadda leh ayaa ku dhex nool, ka dibna sawirro soo jiidasho leh oo dabeecadda waddaniga ah ayaa la rinjiyeeyaa, ka dibna isku dhacyada halgannada geesinimada leh ayaa soo baxa, ka dibna muusiggu wuxuu soo jiitaa adduunka dareenka heesaha, iyo dhacdooyinka dadka - maalin kasta ama dabeecad fantastik ah oo lagu beddelay muujinta cirifyada riwaayadaha ah.

Credo hal-abuurka ah, dabeecadda fekerka laxamiistaha Zhiganov, ayaa saldhig u ahayd hawlaha Kazan Conservatory, abuurista iyo maaraynta kaas oo lagu aaminay 1945. In ka badan 40 sano, wuxuu hogaaminayey shaqada waxbarashada xirfad sare ee ay. ardayda.

Tusaalaha shaqada Zhiganov, natiijooyinka kacdoonka dhabta ah ee kacaanka ee taariikhda dhaqamada muusiga ee hore ee dib u dhaca ee jamhuuriyada ismaamulka qaranka ee gobolka Volga, Siberiya iyo Ural ayaa si buuxda loo muujiyay. Bogagga ugu wanaagsan ee dhaxalkiisa hal-abuurka ah, oo ay ku dheehan tahay rajo nololeed oo xaqiijinaysa, sifo qaran oo iftiimaya oo kale ah oo luqadda muusiga ah, ayaa meel u qalma oo ku jira khasnadda muusiga Tataarka.

Haa Girshman

Halabuurka:

riwaayado (taariikhaha wax soo saarka, dhammaan Tatar Opera iyo Tiyaatarka Ballet) - Kachkyn (Beglets, 1939), Irek (Cvoboda, 1940), Altynchach (Zolotovolosaya, 1941), Abwaan (1947), Ildar (1942, 2nd ed. - Road Pobedy). , 1954), Tyulyak (1945, daabacaadda 2aad. - Tyulyak iyo Cousylu, 1967), Hamus (Chest, 1950), Jalil (1957); balastarro – Fatih (1943), Zyugra (1946), Laba halyeey (Zyugra iyo Hzheri, 1970); cantata – Jamhuuriyaddaygii (1960); Orchestra - 4 symphonies (1937; 2nd - Sabantuy, 1968; 3aad - Lyric, 1971; 4th, 1973), gabay symphonic Kyrlay (1946), Suite on themes folk Tatar (1949), heesaha Symphonic (1965) , Nafis Overture (1952) , Sheekooyinka Symphonic (1964), qolka-qalabka, biyaano, shuqullada codka; jacaylka, heeso, iwm.