Eduard Frantsevich Napravnik |

Eduard Nápravník

Hagaha. "Harold". Is deji, gacaliye (M. May-Fiegner)

Napravnik wuxuu galay taariikhda muusiga Ruushka sida kaari cajiib ah iyo laxamiistaha tayada leh. Waxa uu leeyahay 4 operas, 4 symphonies, qaybo orkestral, concerto biyaano ah, ensembles qolka, heeso, Romantic, Halabuurka for pianoforte, violin, cello, iwm. Sida laxamiistaha ah, Napravnik ma lahayn shakhsiyad hal abuur leh dhalaalaya; shuqulladiisa waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay saamaynta curiyeyaasha kala duwan iyo, in ka badan kuwa kale, by Tchaikovsky. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, shaqada ugu fiican ee Napravnik, opera Dubrovsky, waxay leedahay faa'iido farshaxan oo weyn; Waxay u keentay qoraaga caannimada uu mudan yahay.

Eduard Frantsevich Napravnik, oo u dhashay Czech, wuxuu dhashay Ogosto 12 (24), 1839 ee Bohemia (tuulada Beishta, oo u dhow Kenigret). Aabihii wuxuu ahaa macalin dugsi, agaasime kooxeedka kaniisadda iyo organist. Laxanka mustaqbalka wuxuu wax ku bartay Dugsiga Organ ee Prague. Sanadkii 1861, Napravnik wuxuu u guuray St. Petersburg, halkaas oo uu ka helay gurigiisa labaad. Laba sano ka dib wuxuu noqday macalin iyo organist ee Tiyaatarka Mariinsky. Laga soo bilaabo 1869 ilaa dhamaadka noloshiisa, Napravnik wuxuu sii ahaan jiray hogaamiyaha ugu sarreeya ee masraxa; Waxa kale oo uu u soo bandhigay sida maareeyaha riwaayadaha riwaayadaha ee Bulshada Muusikada Ruushka.

Masraxa Mariinsky ee hoos yimaada Napravnik, 80 riwaayadood ayaa lagu bartay oo la dhigay. Halka maamulka masraxa, oo ka tarjumaya dhadhanka wareegyada aristocratic, uu doorbiday opera talyaaniga, wuxuu si hagar la'aan ah kor ugu qaaday shaqada muusikada Ruushka. Waxa uu soo saaray wax-soo-saarkii ugu horreeyay ee operas-ka Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov (Tchaikovsky, Rubinstein, Serov; Glinka's opera Ruslan iyo Lyudmila ayaa markii ugu horreysay la sameeyay iyada oo aan la jarin oo la qalloocin hoosteeda usha Napravnik.

Napravnik wuxuu kaloo soo bandhigay riwaayadiisa masraxa Mariinsky: Dadka Nizhny Novgorod (libretto by PI Kalashnikov, 1868), Harold (oo ku salaysan riwaayadda E. Wildenbruch, 1885), iyo Dubrovsky (ku salaysan sheekada AS Pushkin, 1894). ) iyo "Francesca da Rimini" (oo ku salaysan masiibadii S. Philipps, 1902).

Napravnik wuxuu ku dhintay St. Petersburg bishii Noofambar 10 (23), 1916.

M. Druskin

• Eduard Napravnik ee Imperial Ruush Opera →

Laxamiistaha iyo curiyaha Ruushka, Czech dhalasho ahaan, waxay ku noolaayeen St. Petersburg laga soo bilaabo 1861. Laga soo bilaabo 1867 wuxuu ahaa kirishbooyada Tiyaatarka Mariinsky (1869-1916 wuxuu ahaa madaxa kirishbooyada). Sameeyay soo saariddii 1-aad ee tiro operas ah. Waxaa ka mid ah "Guest Stone" by Dargomyzhsky (1872); "Pskovite" (1873), "May Night" (1880), "Barafka barafka" (1882) Rimsky-Korsakov; Boris Godunov oo uu qoray Mussorgsky (1874), jinnigii Rubinstein (1875), Maid of Orleans (1881), Queen of Spades (1890), Iolanthe (1892) by Tchaikovsky; waxaa u shaqeeya Cui, Serov.

Waxaa ka mid ah wax-soo-saarka 1-aad ee operas-yada ajnabiga ah Faust (1869), Carmen (1885), Verdi's Othello (1887) iyo Falstaff (1894), Wagner's tetralogy Der Ring des Nibelungen (1900-05) iyo kuwo kale.

Waxaa ka mid ah shaqooyinka Napravnik, guusha ugu weyni waxay ku dhacday opera Dubrovsky (1894), kaas oo ku hadhay marxaladaha tiyaatarada. Kuwa kale, waxaan ku xusnaa "Francesca da Rimini" (1902, St. Petersburg). Guud ahaan, shaqada Napravnik ee laxamiistaha ah ma laha muhiimad la mid ah dhaqanka Ruushka sida waxqabadkiisa beerta kaari.

E. Tsodokov