Ashug |

dabka turki jacayl warqad - jacayl

Abwaan xirfadeed dadka iyo gabayaa ka mid ah Azerbaijan, Armenian iyo dadyowga deriska ah ee USSR iyo dalalka shisheeye. Suudhka A. waa synthetic. Waxa uu curiyaa laxan, gabayo, hal-abuur. halyeeyo (dastans), heeso, isaga oo la socda saz (Azerbaijan), tar ama kemancha (Armenia). Bandhiga A. waxa kale oo jira qaybo ka mid ah riwaayadaha. sheegashooyinka (tibaaxaha wejiga, dhaqdhaqaaqyada, iwm.). Qaar ka mid ah A. waa fanaaniin kaliya. Kuwa ka horreeyay A. ee Azerbaijan waxay ahaayeen ozans (magacyo kale - Shuara, Dede, Yangshag, iwm.); gudaha Armenia – gusans (mtrup-gusans, tagerku).

Macluumaadka ugu horreeya ee ku saabsan A. waxay ku jiraan gacanta. taariikhyahanada Movses Khornatsi, Pavstos Buzand, Yeghishe iyo kuwa kale, ee Azerbaijan. Halyeyga "Kitabi-Dede Korkud" (10-11 qarni).

Qaybta ugu weyn ee shaqada A. waa heeso. Heesihii ashuug ee kacaanka ka horreeyay waxay dhaleeceeyeen dhinacyada mugdiga ah ee colaadda. nolosha, heesta geesinimo. ladagaalanka dabadhilifnimada, dadka lagu beeray jacaylka ay u qabaan dalka hooyo. Ka dib markii la aasaasay Soofiyeedka awoodda heesta A. waxaa ka buuxa waxyaabo cusub oo la xidhiidha isbeddello waaweyn oo bulshada ah. hab nololeedka, oo leh hantiwadaagga. dhismo.

Laxanka Ashug inta badan waa kala duwanaansho cidhiidhi ah waxaana lagu soo bandhigaa diiwaan sare. Melodich. dhaqdhaqaaqa waa siman; boodboodyada yaryar (saddexkiiba, afraad) waxaa ku xiga buuxintooda. Ku celcelinta caadiga ah, kala duwanaanta heesaha iyo dhismooyinka dhan, metro-rhythm. maal. Mararka qaarkood heesuhu waxay ku xiran yihiin saxiix waqti cad, tusaale ahaan:

Mararka qaarkood waxay ku kala duwan yihiin akhrinta-hagaajinta. xorriyadda. La yaqaan ca. 80 heesood oo heersare ah oo ka kooban halbeegga joogtada ah ee A. Magacyadooda waxaa go'aamiya abwaanka. foomamka ("gerayly", "sofas", "mukhammes", iwm), meelaha ay ku badan yihiin ("Goyche gulu"), dastans, kuwaas oo ay ku jiraan ("Keremi", "Ker-ogly") iwm. Heesahaan, iyagoo ilaalinaya tooda ugu muhiimsan. usha innation-ka, oo si joogto ah loo kobciyo si laxan iyo laxan. Heeso kala duwan ayaa loo qaadayaa isla laxan. qoraalo gabay. Heesaha Ashug waa laba-geesood. Instr waxay door weyn ku leedahay iyaga. dhexda u gala Muusiga A. waxaa ku jira curiyeyaasha harmonica. polyphony - rubuc-shanaad, terts-quarte, iyo shibbanayaasha kale (in saz).

Major Asarbayjaan. Cilmi-baarayaashii hore waa Gurbani, Abbas Tufarganly (qarnigii 16-aad), Dilgam, Valekh, Shikeste Shirin (qarnigii 18-aad), iyo Alesker (qarnigii 19-aad). A. waqtigeena - Asad Rzayev, Mirza Bayramov, Islam Yusifov, Avak, Gara Movlayev, Talyb Mammadov, Shamshir Gojayev, Apper Jafarov, Adalet (virtuoso bandhigga saz); I. Yusifov waxa uu abaabulay koox ashugs ah oo ka kala socotay 25-30 fannaaniin iyo fanaaniin balaman ah.

Cududda ugu caansan. A. hore - Sayat-Nova, Jivani, Sheram, Nagash Ovnatan, Shirin, Miskin Burji, casriga ah A. - Grigor, Huseyn, Seron, Avasi, Ashot iyo kuwa kale.

Sifooyinka habaysan ee muusiga A. laga helay hirgelinta tiro Op. Prof. halabuurayaal, tusaale ahaan. ee operas "Almast" by Spendiarov, "Shakhsenem" by Gliere, "Kor-oglu" by Gadzhibekov, "Veten" by Karaev iyo Gadzhiev, ee suite "Azerbaijan" by Amirov, in Symphony saddexaad by Karaev.

Tixraacyo: Gabayada Armenia laga soo bilaabo wakhtiyadii hore ilaa maanta, ed. oo la galo. qormo iyo qoraalo. V. Ya Bryusova. Moscow, 1916. Torjyan X., Fannaaniinta reer Armenia-ashugs, "SM", 1937, No 7; Krivonosov V., Ashugs ee Azerbaijan, "SM", 1938, No 4; Anthology ee gabayada Asarbayjaan, M., 1939; Anthology ee gabayada Armenia, M., 1940; Eldarova E., Qaar ka mid ah su'aalaha farshaxanka ashug, ee ururinta: Art of Azerbaijan, vol. I, Baku, 1949; iyada, Qaar ka mid ah su'aalaha hal-abuurka muusiga ee ashugs, ee ururinta: Muusigga Asarbayjaan, M., 1961; iyada u gaar ah, Farshaxanka Ashugs ee Asarbayjan (qoraal taariikhi ah), ee ururinta: Farshaxanka Asarbayjan, vol. VIII, Baku, 1962 (Azeri dhexdeeda); Qaamuuska muusiga iyo gabayga ee Asarbayjani ashugs, ee ururinta: Farshaxanka Asarbayjan, vol. XII, Baku, 1968; Seyidov M., Sayat-Nova, Baki, 1954; Kushnarev XS, Su'aalaha taariikhda iyo aragtida muusiga monodic ee Armenia, L., 1958; Belyaev V., Qoraallada taariikhda muusikada ee dadyowga USSR, vol. 2, M., 1963kii.

E. Abasova