Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov |

Yuri Temirkanov

Wuxuu dhashay December 10, 1938 ee Nalchik. Aabihii, Temirkanov Khatu Sagidovich, wuxuu ahaa madaxa Waaxda Farshaxanka ee Jamhuuriyadda Kabardino-Balkarian, waxay saaxiibo la ahaayeen laxamiistaha Sergei Prokofiev, oo ka shaqeeyay 1941 daad-gureynta Nalchik. Qayb ka mid ah kooxda Masraxa Farshaxanka ee caanka ah ee Moscow ayaa sidoo kale laga daadgureeyay halkan, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin Nemirovich-Danchenko, Kachalov, Moskvin, Knipper-Chekhova, kuwaas oo ku soo bandhigay masraxa magaalada. Deegaanka aabbihiis iyo jawiga masraxa ayaa noqday jaranjaro loogu talagalay fannaanka mustaqbalka si uu u barto dhaqanka sare.

Macallimiinta ugu horreeya ee Yuri Temirkanov waxay ahaayeen Valery Fedorovich Dashkov iyo Truvor Karlovich Sheybler. Dambe waa arday ka mid ah Glazunov, oo ka qalin jabiyay Conservatory Petrograd, laxamiistaha iyo folklorist, wuxuu si weyn uga qayb qaatay ballaarinta aragtida farshaxanka Yuri. Markii Temirkanov dhammeeyey dugsiga, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay u fiicnaan lahayd inuu sii wato waxbarashadiisa magaalada Neva. Sidaa darteed Nalchik Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov ayaa horay loo sii go'aamiyay waddada Leningrad, oo ah magaalada isaga u qaabeeyay sidii muusik iyo qof.

Sanadkii 1953, Yuri Temirkanov wuxuu galay dugsiga sare ee muusikada gaarka ah ee Leningrad Conservatory, ee fasalka violin ee Mikhail Mikhailovich Belyakov.

Ka dib markii uu dugsiga ka tagay Temirkanov wax ka bartay Conservatory ee Leningrad (1957-1962). Barashada fasalka viola, kaas oo uu hogaaminayay Grigory Isaevich Ginzburg, Yuri isku mar ka soo qayb galay fasalada qabashada Ilya Aleksandrovich Musin iyo Nikolai Semenovich Rabinovich. Midka hore waxa uu tusay farsamada adag ee farsamada kirishbooyada, ka labaadna waxa uu baray in uu si dhab ah ula dhaqmo xirfadda kirishbooyada. Tani waxay ku kaliftay Y.Temirkanov inuu sii wato waxbarashadiisa.

Laga soo bilaabo 1962 ilaa 1968 Temirkanov mar kale ahaa arday, ka dibna arday ka qalin jabiyay waaxda maaraynta. Ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay 1965-kii fasalka opera iyo riwaayadda, wuxuu ka soo muuqday Leningrad Maly Opera iyo Ballet Theatre riwaayad "La Traviata" ee G. Verdi. Shaqooyinka kale ee ugu muhiimsan ee sannadahaas waxaa ka mid ah Donizetti's Love Potion (1968), Gershwin's Porgy iyo Bess (1972).

Sannadkii 1966-kii Temirkanov oo 28-jir ah ayaa ku guuleystay abaal-marintii ugu horreysay ee tartan-qabsiyeedka II All-Union ee Moscow. Isla markii tartanka ka dib, waxa uu safar ku tagay America oo uu la socday K. Kondrashin, D. Oistrakh iyo Moscow Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra.

Laga soo bilaabo 1968 ilaa 1976 Yuri Temirkanov wuxuu madax ka ahaa Orchestra Symphony Academy ee Leningrad Philharmonic. Laga soo bilaabo 1976 ilaa 1988 wuxuu ahaa agaasimaha fanka iyo madaxa kirov ee Kirov (hadda Mariinsky) Opera iyo Tiyaatarka Ballet. Isaga oo hogaaminaya, masraxa wuxuu soo bandhigay wax soo saar caan ah sida "Dagaalka iyo Nabadda" ee S. Prokofiev (1977), "Dead Souls" ee R. Shchedrin (1978), "Peter I" (1975), "Pushkin" (1979). iyo Mayakovsky Bilawgii A. Petrov (1983), Eugene Onegin (1982) iyo Boqoradda Spades by PI Tchaikovsky (1984), Boris Godunov MP Mussorgsky (1986), taas oo noqotay dhacdooyin la taaban karo in nolosha music ee dalka iyo calaamadeeyay. abaalmarino sare. Kuwa jecel muusikada ma aha oo kaliya Leningrad, laakiin sidoo kale magaalooyin kale oo badan ayaa ku riyooday inay helaan bandhigyadan!

Agaasimaha farshaxanka ee Tiyaatarka Riwaayadda Bolshoi GA Tovstonogov, ka dib markii uu dhegaystay "Eugene Onegin" ee Kirovsky, wuxuu ku yidhi Temirkanov: "Sidee ugu wanagsan tahay finalka aad toogto masiirka Onegin ..." (Ka dib ereyada "Oh, wax badan oo xun!")

Kooxda masraxa Temirkanov ayaa si isdaba joog ah u tagay dalal badan oo Yurub ah, markii ugu horeysay ee taariikhda kooxda caanka ah - England, iyo sidoo kale Japan iyo USA. Waxa uu ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee bandhig faneedyo riwaayado ah la socda kooxda orkesterka ee Masraxa Kirov. Y. Temirkanov ayaa si guul leh u sameeyay marxalado badan oo caan ah.

1988-kii, Yuri Temirkanov ayaa loo doortay agaasimaha guud iyo agaasimaha farshaxanka ee Ururka Sharafta leh ee Ruushka - Orchestra Academic Symphony ee St. Petersburg Philharmonic oo loogu magac daray DD Shostakovich. "Waan ku hanweynahay in aan noqdo kormeere doorasho. Haddii aanan khaldanayn, tani waa markii ugu horeysay ee taariikhda dhaqanka muusiga ee kooxda lafteedu ay go'aansadaan cidda hogaaminaysa. Ilaa hadda, dhammaan kirishbooyada waxaa loo magacaabay "sare," ayuu yiri Yuri Temirkanov doorashadiisa.

Markaas ayay ahayd in Temirkanov sameeyay mid ka mid ah mabaadi'diisa aasaasiga ah: "Ma samayn kartid fannaaniinta indhoolayaasha fulinta rabitaanka qof kale. Kaqeybgalka kaliya, kaliya miyir-qabka in aan dhammaanteen sameyneyno hal shay oo caadi ah, ayaa ku siin kara natiijada la rabo. Mana uu sugin in badan. Intii uu hogaaminayay Yu.Kh. Temirkanov, maamulka iyo caanka ah ee St. Petersburg Philharmonic ayaa kordhay aan caadi ahayn. In 1996, waxaa loo aqoonsaday ururka riwaayadaha ugu fiican ee Russia.

Yuri Temirkanov wuxuu la soo baxay qaar badan oo ka mid ah orchestra-yada ugu weyn adduunka: Orchestra Philadelphia, Concertgebouw (Amsterdam), Cleveland, Chicago, New York, San Francisco, Santa Cecilia, Orchestras Philharmonic: Berlin, Vienna, iwm.

Tan iyo 1979, Y. Temirkanov wuxuu ahaa maamulaha martida ee Philadelphia iyo London Royal Orchestras, tan iyo 1992 wuxuu hogaaminayay kan dambe. Kadib Yuri Temirkanov wuxuu ahaa maamulaha martida ee Dresden Philharmonic Orchestra (ilaa 1994), Orchestra National Radio Symphony (ilaa 1998). Isaga oo u dabaaldegay sannad-guuradii labaatanaad ee ka soo wareegtay wada-shaqeyntii uu la yeeshay Hobolada Royal Orchestra ee London, waxa uu ka tagay jagadda agaasimeheeda guud, isaga oo sii haysanaya darajada maamulaha guud ee kooxdan.

Ka dib dhacdooyinkii militariga ee Afgaanistaan, Y. Temirkanov wuxuu noqday kirishbooygii ugu horreeyay ee Ruush ah oo ku socdaala Mareykanka ka dib casuumaad uu ka helay New York Philharmonic, 1996-kii Rome wuxuu sameeyay riwaayad jubilee ah oo lagu maamuusayo sannad-guuradii 50-aad ee Qaramada Midoobay. Bishii Janaayo 2000, Yuri Temirkanov wuxuu noqday agaasime maamule iyo agaasimaha farshaxanka ee Orchestra Symphony Baltimore (USA).

Yuri Temirkanov - mid ka mid ah kirishbooyada ugu weyn ee qarnigii 60aad. Ka dib markii uu ka soo gudbay heerkii dhalashadiisa XNUMXaad, maestro wuxuu joogaa heerka ugu sarreeya ee caannimada, caannimada iyo aqoonsiga adduunka. Waxa uu ku farxay dhegaystayaasha dabeecadiisa dhalaalaysa, go'aan xoog leh, qoto dheer iyo miisaanka fulinta fikradaha. "Kani waa kirishbooye ku qariya xiisaha hoostiisa muuqaal adag. Dhaqdhaqaaqiisa badanaa waa lama filaan, laakiin had iyo jeer waa la xakameeyaa, iyo qaabkiisa sawir-qaadista, qaabaynta tirada codka ee faraha macaan ayaa ka dhigaysa orkestar weyn oo ka mid ah boqollaal fannaaniin ah"("Eslain Pirene"). "Full of soo jiidasho leh, Temirkanov la shaqeeya orkester ah kaas oo noloshiisa, shaqadiisa, iyo sawirkiisu isku darsadeen ..." ("La Stampa").

Habka hal-abuurka ee Temirkanov waa mid asal ah oo lagu kala soocay muujintiisa dhalaalaya. Waxa uu u nugul yahay waxyaabaha u gaarka ah ee qaababka halabuurayaasha xilliyo kala duwan oo si qarsoodi ah, si waxyi ah u tarjumay muusigooda. Kartidiisa waxaa lagu kala soocaa farsamayaqaan virtuoso ah, iyadoo ay ku xiran tahay faham qoto dheer oo ku saabsan ujeeddada qoraaga. Doorka Yuri Temirkanov ee horumarinta muusiga casriga ah ee Ruushka ayaa si gaar ah muhiim ugu ah Ruushka iyo dalalka kale ee adduunka.

Awoodda maestro si ay si fudud ula xiriirto koox kasta oo muusig ah oo ay ku gaarto xalka hawlaha ugu adag ee fulinta waa mid la yaab leh.

Yuri Temirkanov duubay tiro badan oo CD ah. Sannadkii 1988-kii, waxa uu heshiis gaar ah la saxeexday calaamadda rikoodhka BMG. Sawir-qaadista ballaaran waxaa ka mid ah duubis ay la socoto Orchestra Symphony ee Leningrad Philharmonic, oo ay la socoto Orchestra Royal Philharmonic London, iyo New York Philharmonic…

1990-kii, oo ay weheliyaan fanaaniinta Columbia, Temirkanov ayaa duubay riwaayad Gala oo loogu talagalay sannad-guuradii 150-aad ee dhalashada PI Tchaikovsky, oo ay ka qayb qaateen soloists Yo-Yo Ma, I. Perlman, J. Norman.

Duubista muusikada S. Prokofiev ee filimka "Alexander Nevsky" (1996) iyo D. Shostakovich's Symphony No. 7 (1998) ayaa loo magacaabay abaalmarinta Sgatt.

Yuri Temirkanov wuxuu si deeqsinimo leh ula wadaagaa xirfadihiisa kirishtaannada da'da yar. Waa bare wax ka dhiga St. Petersburg Conservatory oo loogu magac daray NA Rimsky-Korsakov, bare sharafeed ka ah machadyo shisheeye oo badan, oo uu ku jiro xubin sharafeed ka tirsan Akademiyada Caalamiga ah ee Sayniska, Warshadaha, Waxbarashada iyo Farshaxanka. Waxa uu si joogto ah u bixiyaa fasalada Masterka ee Curtis Institute (Philadelphia), iyo sidoo kale Dugsiga Muusikada Manhattan (New York), ee Academia Chighana (Siena, Italy).

Yu.Kh. Temirkanov - Fanaanka Dadka ee USSR (1981), Farshaxanka Dadka ee RSFSR (1976), Farshaxanka Dadweynaha ee Kabardino-Balkarian ASSR (1973), Farshaxan Sharafeedka RSFSR (1971), laba jeer ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Gobolka USSR (1976) , 1985), ku guulaystay Abaalmarinta Gobolka ee RSFSR ee loogu magac daray MI Glinka (1971). Waxaa lagu abaalmariyay Amarka Lenin (1983), "Merit to the Fatherland" III degree (1998), Amarka Bulgarian ee Cyril iyo Methodius (1998).

Dabeecadda shaqadiisa, Temirkanov waa inuu la xiriiraa dadka ugu cajiibsan oo dhalaalaya, tirooyinka gudaha iyo dibadda ee dhaqanka iyo farshaxanka. Waxa uu ku faani jiray oo uu ku faani jiray saaxiibtinimadiisa I. Menuhin, B. Pokrovsky, P. Kogan, A. Schnittke, G. Kremer, R. Nureyev, M. Plisetskaya, R. Shchedrin, I. Brodsky, V. Tretyakov, M. Rostropovich, S. Ozawa iyo fannaaniin kale oo badan.

Wuxuu ku nool yahay kana shaqeeyaa St. Petersburg.