Gennady Rozhdestvensky |

Gennady Rozhdestvensky

Gennady Rozhdestvensky waa shakhsiyad dhalaalaya iyo karti xoog leh, sharafka dhaqanka muusikada Ruushka. Marxalad kasta oo ka mid ah waxqabadyada hal-abuurka ah ee fannaaniinta caanka ah ee adduunka waa qayb weyn oo ka mid ah nolosha dhaqameed ee waqtigeena, oo loogu talagalay u adeegida Muusikada, "himilada keenaya quruxda" (ereygiisa).

Gennady Rozhdestvensky wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay Conservatory State Moscow ee biyaano Lev Oborin iyo in uu la dhaqmo aabihiis, kaariyihii ugu fiicnaa Nikolai Anosov, iyo sidoo kale daraasadaha postgraduate ee konservatory.

Bogag badan oo dhalaalaya oo ka mid ah taariikh nololeedka hal-abuurka ee Gennady Rozhdestvensky waxay la xiriiraan Masraxa Bolshoi. Isagoo weli arday ka ah konservatory-ga, wuxuu sameeyay kulankiisii ​​ugu horreeyay ee Tchaikovsky's The Sleeping Beauty (tababaraha da'da yar wuxuu sameeyay waxqabadka oo dhan isagoon wax dhibic ah lahayn!). Isla 1951, ka dib markii uu ka gudbay tartanka isreebreebka, waxaa loo aqbalay inuu yahay maareeyaha ballet ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi wuxuuna ka shaqeeyay awooddan ilaa 1960. Rozhdestvensky wuxuu qabtay ballet-ka Fountain of Bakhchisaray, Swan Lake, Cinderella, Sheekada ubaxa dhagaxa. iyo bandhigyada kale ee masraxa, waxay ka qaybqaateen soo saarista ballet R. Shchedrin The Little Humpbacked Horse (1960). 1965-70kii. Gennady Rozhdestvensky wuxuu ahaa madaxa masraxa Bolshoi. Riwaayadiisa masraxa waxaa ka mid ahaa ilaa afartan operas iyo ballet. Daareeyaha ayaa ka qayb qaatay soo saarista Khachaturian's Spartacus (1968), Carmen Suite ee Bizet-Shchedrin (1967), Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker (1966) iyo kuwo kale; Markii ugu horeysay ee masraxa Ruushka waxa uu sameeyay operas The Voice Human by Poulenc (1965), Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream (1965). In 1978 uu ku soo laabtay Tiyaatarka Bolshoi sida kaari opera (ilaa 1983), ka qaybqaatay soo saarista tiro ka mid ah bandhigyada opera, iyaga ka mid ah Shostakovich's Katerina Izmailova (1980) iyo Prokofiev Betrothal in Monastery ah (1982). Sannado badan ka dib, sannad-guuradii 225-aad ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, Gennady Rozhdestvensky wuxuu noqday agaasimaha guud ee farshaxanka ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi (laga bilaabo Sebtembar ilaa Juun 2000), inta lagu guda jiro waqtigan wuxuu sameeyay tiro mashruucyo fikradeed masraxa oo diyaariyey bandhiga aduunka ee Prokofiev's The Gambler opera ee daabacaadyadii ugu horeeyay ee qoraaga.

1950-meeyadii magaca Gennady Rozhdestvensky wuxuu noqday mid aad loogu yaqaan taageerayaasha muusiga symphonic. In ka badan nus qarni waxqabad hal abuur leh, Maestro Rozhdestvensky waxa uu ahaa maareeyaha ee ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan noocyada caanka ah ee caanka ah ee Ruushka iyo shisheeye. 1961-1974 waxa uu ahaa madaxa kirishbooyga iyo agaasimaha fanka ee BSO ee Telefishanka Dhexe iyo Radio All-Union Radio. Laga soo bilaabo 1974 ilaa 1985, G. Rozhdestvensky wuxuu ahaa agaasimaha muusiga ee Masraxa Muusikada ee Rugta Moscow, halkaas oo, isaga iyo agaasime Boris Pokrovsky, uu dib u soo nooleeyay operas The Sanka ee DD Shostakovich iyo Horumarka Rake ee IF Stravinsky, wuxuu qabtay tiro ka mid ah bandhigyo xiiso leh. . Sannadkii 1981, kaari wuxuu abuuray Orchestra Symphony State ee Wasaaradda Dhaqanka ee USSR. Toban sano oo hoggaanka kooxdani waxay noqotay markii la abuurayo barnaamijyo riwaayadeed oo gaar ah.

Turjubaanka ugu weyn ee muusiga qarnigii 300aad, Rozhdestvensky wuxuu soo bandhigay dadweynaha Ruushka shaqooyin badan oo aan la garanayn A. Schoenberg, P. Hindemith, B. Bartok, B. Martin, O. Messiaen, D. Milhaud, A. Honegger; Nuxur ahaan, wuxuu ku soo celiyay Ruushka dhaxalka Stravinsky. Isaga oo hogaaminaya, bandhigyada shaqooyin badan oo ay sameeyeen R. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, A. Eshpay, B. Tishchenko, G. Kancheli, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina, E. Denisov ayaa la sameeyay. Wax ku biirinta maamulaha si uu u hanto dhaxalka S. Prokofiev iyo D. Shostakovich sidoo kale waa muhiim. Gennady Rozhdestvensky wuxuu noqday jilaagii ugu horreeyay ee Russia iyo dibadda ee shaqooyin badan oo uu sameeyay Alfred Schnittke. Guud ahaan, isagoo la shaqeynaya qaar badan oo ka mid ah orchestra-yada adduunka, wuxuu sameeyay in ka badan 150 qaybood markii ugu horeysay ee Ruushka iyo in ka badan XNUMX markii ugu horeysay adduunka. R. Shchedrin, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina iyo halabuurayaal kale oo badan ayaa u hibeeyay shaqadoodii Rozhdestvensky.

Bartamihii 70-meeyadii, Gennady Rozhdestvensky wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah kaariyaasha ugu ixtiraamka badan Yurub. Intii u dhaxaysay 1974 ilaa 1977 waxa uu hogamiyay hogamiyayasha hobolada Philharmonic Symphony ee Stockholm, ka dib waxa uu hogamiyay orchestra BBC London (1978-1981), Vienna Symphony Orchestra (1980-1982). Intaa waxaa dheer, in muddo ah Rozhdestvensky la shaqeeyay Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Amsterdam), London, Chicago, Cleveland iyo Tokyo Symphony Orchestras (sharaf iyo hadda kaari ee Orchestra Yomiuri) iyo ensembles kale.

Isku soo wada duuboo, Rozhdestvensky oo wata orkestero kala duwan ayaa duubay in ka badan 700 oo diiwaan iyo CD. Daareeyaha ayaa duubay wareegyada dhammaan heesaha S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, G. Mahler, A. Glazunov, A. Bruckner, shaqooyin badan oo uu sameeyay A. Schnittke taarikada. Duubabka kaarigu waxa ay heleen abaalmarino: Grand Prix of Le Chant Du Monde, shahaado ka socota Akadeemiyada Charles Cros ee Paris (duubista dhammaan heesaha Prokofiev, 1969).

Rozhdestvensky waa qoraaga halabuuro dhowr ah, oo ay ka mid yihiin oratorio-ga weyn "Amarka Dadka Ruushka" ee akhristaha, soloists, heesa iyo orchestra erayada A. Remizov.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky wuxuu bixiyaa waqti badan iyo tamar hal abuur si uu wax u baro. Tan iyo 1974 waxa uu wax ka dhigayay Waaxda Opera iyo Symphony Conservatory ee Moscow, ilaa 1976 waxa uu ahaa borofisar, tan iyo 2001 waxa uu ahaa madaxa Waaxda Opera iyo Symphony Conducting. G. Rozhdestvensky wuxuu soo saaray galaxyo karti leh, oo ay ka mid yihiin fanaaniinta dadka ee Russia Valery Polyansky iyo Vladimir Ponkin. Maestro-ku waxa uu qoray oo daabacay buugaag "Faraha Maamulaha", "Fikirka Muusiga" iyo "Saddex-xagal"; Buugga "Preambles" wuxuu ka kooban yahay qoraallo sharraxaad ah oo uu ku soo bandhigay riwaayadihiisa, laga bilaabo 1974. 2010, buugiisa cusub, Mosaic, ayaa la daabacay.

Adeegyada GN Rozhdestvensky ee farshaxanka waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay magacyo sharafeed: Farshaxanka Dadka ee USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor, Laureate of Lenin Prize. Gennady Rozhdestvensky - Xubin Sharafeedka Akademiyada Iswidhishka ee Boqortooyada, Aqoonyahan Sharafeedka Akademiyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, borofisar. Waxaa ka mid ah abaal-marinnada muusikiiste: Amarka Bulgaariya ee Cyril iyo Methodius, Amarka Jabbaan ee Qorraxda Soo Baxa, Amarka Ruushka ee Sharafta ee Aabaha, IV, III iyo II darajo. 2003, Maestro wuxuu helay darajada Sarkaalka Amarka ee Legion of Honor of France.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky waa maareeyaha riwaayadaha iyo riwaayadaha, pianist, macalin, laxamiistaha, qoraaga buugaagta iyo maqaallada, hadal aad u fiican, cilmi-baare, dib u soo celinta buundooyinka badan, khabiir faneedka, khabiir suugaanta, ururiyaha xamaasad leh, aqoonyahan. "Polyphony" ee danaha Maestro ayaa si buuxda isu muujiyay "jihada" ee barnaamijyadiisa isdiiwaangelinta sanadlaha ah ee Choir Symphony State ee Russia, kaas oo ay haysteen Moscow Philharmonic in ka badan 10 sano.

Xigasho: Moscow Philharmonic website