Mattia Battistini (Mattia Battistini) |

Mattia Battitini

Heesaaga iyo muusikadda naqdiye S.Yu. Levik wuxuu nasiib u yeeshay inuu arko oo maqlo heesaaga Talyaaniga:

"Battistini wuxuu ahaa mid ka sarreeya dhammaan qani ku ah dhawaaqyada, kaas oo sii waday inuu dhawaaqo muddo dheer ka dib markii uu joojiyay heesaha. Waxaad aragtay in fannaanka uu afka xidhay, codadka qaarna ay weli ku sii hayaan awooddiisa. Codkan aan caadiga ahayn ee xiisaha leh, soo jiidashada leh ee codka ayaa si aan dhammaad lahayn u salaaxday dhegaystaha, iyada oo aad mooddo in uu si diirran ugu dahaadhay.

Codka Battistini wuxuu ahaa nooc ka mid ah, oo ka mid ah baritones. Waxay lahayd wax kasta oo calaamad u ah ifafaale dhawaaqeed oo heersare ah: laba buuxa, oo leh kayd wanaagsan oo octaves ah oo xitaa, dhawaq siman oo jilicsan oo dhan oo dhan, dabacsanaan, moobil, oo ay ka buuxaan xoog sharaf leh iyo diirimaadka gudaha. Haddii aad u maleyneyso in macalinkiisii ​​​​ugu dambeeyay Cotogni uu qalad sameeyay isagoo "sameeyay" Battistini baritone oo aan ahayn kireyste, markaa qaladkani wuxuu ahaa mid farxad leh. Baritone, sida ay ku kaftameen markaas, waxay noqotay "boqolkiiba boqol iyo wax ka badan." Saint-Saëns mar sheegay in muusiggu uu leeyahay soo jiidasho laftiisa. Codka Battistini laftiisa waxa uu qaaday god dheer oo soo jiidasho leh: lafteedu waxa ay ahayd muusig.

Mattia Battistini waxa uu ku dhashay Rome February 27, 1856. Wiilka waalidka sharafta leh, Battistini helay waxbarasho heer sare ah. Markii hore, waxa uu raacay wadadii aabihiis oo uu ka qalin jabiyay kulliyadda caafimaadka ee Jaamacadda Rome. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, imaatinka gu'ga ee Rome ilaa Rieti, Mattia maskaxdiisa kama saarin buugaagta cilmiga sharciga, laakiin wuxuu ku hawlanaa heeso.

"Dhakhso, inkastoo diidmo waalidkiis," ayuu qoray Francesco Palmeggiani, "wuxuu gabi ahaanba ka tagay waxbarashadiisa jaamacadda wuxuuna naftiisa u huray gebi ahaanba farshaxanka. Maestro Veneslao Persichini iyo Eugenio Terziani, oo ah macalimiin khibrad leh oo xamaasad leh, ayaa si buuxda uga mahadceliyey awoodaha muuqda ee Battistini, jacayl ayuu u qaaday isaga oo isku dayay inuu sameeyo wax kasta oo suurtagal ah si uu u gaadho yoolka uu rabo sida ugu dhakhsaha badan. Waxay ahayd Persichini kan isaga siiyey codka diiwaanka baritone. Taas ka hor, Battistini wuxuu ku heesi jiray tenor.

Oo sidaas daraaddeed waxay dhacday in Battistini, isagoo markii ugu horreysay noqday xubin ka mid ah Roman Royal Academic Philharmonic, 1877 wuxuu ka mid ahaa fannaaniinta hormuudka ka ah ee sameeyay oratorio Mendelssohn's "Paul" ee hoos yimaada jihada Ettore Pinelli, ka dibna oratorio "The Four Seasons" - mid ka mid ah shuqullada ugu weyn ee Haydn.

Bishii Ogosto 1878, Battistini wuxuu ugu dambeyntii la kulmay farxad weyn: wuxuu sameeyay markii ugu horeysay sida soloist ee cathedral inta lagu guda jiro xaflad diimeed weyn oo lagu sharfayo Madonna del Assunta, taas oo lagu dabaaldegay Rieti tan iyo wakhti hore.

Battistini wuxuu u heesay dhowr moets si cajiib ah. Mid iyaga ka mid ah, oo uu leeyahay laxanka Stame, oo loo yaqaan "O Salutaris Ostia!" Battistini aad buu u jeclaa in uu markii dambe ku heesi jiray xitaa dibadda, intii uu ku guda jiray xirfaddiisa guusha.

December 11, 1878, heesta da'da yar ayaa lagu baabtiisay masraxa masraxa. Mar labaad ereyga Palmejani:

opera Donizetti The Favorite waxaa lagu soo bandhigay Teatro Argentina ee Rome. Boccacci gaar ah, oo ah kabo-sameeyaha moodada ah ee hore, kaas oo go'aansaday inuu u beddelo farsamadiisa xirfadda sharafta leh ee riwaayadda masraxa, ayaa wax walba mas'uul ka ahaa. Wuxuu had iyo jeer si fiican u sameeyay, sababtoo ah wuxuu lahaa dhego ku filan oo uu ku sameeyo doorashada saxda ah ee fannaaniinta iyo jilayaasha caanka ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waqtigan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo ka qaybgalka soprano caanka ah Isabella Galletti, mid ka mid ah wax qabadyada ugu fiican ee doorka Leonora ee Favorite, iyo kireeyaha caanka ah ee Rosseti, xilli ciyaareedka ayaa si aan fiicnayn u bilaabay. Oo kaliya sababtoo ah dadwaynaha ayaa mar hore si cad u diiday labada baritone.

Boccacci wuxuu aqoon u lahaa Battistini - mar ayuu is baray isaga - ka dibna si qurux badan iyo, ugu muhiimsan, fikrad geesinimo leh ayaa ku dhacday isaga. Bandhiggii fiidnimo ayaa hore loogu dhawaaqay markii uu amar ku bixiyay in dadweynaha loo sheego in baritone, oo ay maalin hore aamusnaan cad ku qaadatay ay xanuunsan tahay. Isaga qudhiisu wuxuu u keenay Battistini da'da yar ee maestro Luigi Mancinelli.

Maestro wuxuu dhageystay Battistini piano, isagoo soo jeedinaya inuu ku heeso aria Act III "A tanto amor", aad ayuuna ula yaabay. Laakiin ka hor inta uusan ugu dambeyntii aqbalin beddelka noocaas ah, wuxuu go'aansaday, kaliya haddii ay dhacdo, inuu la tashado Galletti - ka dib oo dhan, waa inay wada heesaan. Joogitaanka fannaanka caanka ah, Battistini si buuxda ayuu u lumay oo kuma dhicin inuu heeso. Laakin Maestro Mancinelli ayaa ku qanciyay si uu ugu danbeyn ku dhiiraday in uu afka kala qaado oo uu isku dayay in uu heesto Galletti.

Baararka ugu horreeya ka dib, Galletti ayaa indhaheeda si weyn u kala qaaday oo yaabtay Maestro Mancinelli. Battistini, oo isha ka eegayay geesta isha, ayaa ku farxay, oo qarinaya dhammaan cabsida, si kalsooni leh ayuu u keenay dhamaadka.

"Waxaan dareemay in aan leeyahay baalal koraya!" - mar dambe ayuu u sheegay, isagoo sharraxaya dhacdadan xiisaha badan. Galletti wuxuu ku dhagaystay xiisaha iyo dareenka ugu weyn, isagoo ogaanaya dhammaan faahfaahinta, ugu dambeyntiina ma caawin karo laakiin wuxuu isku duubay Battistini. "Waxaan u maleeyay in hortayda uu joogo qof xishood badan," ayay ku dhawaaqday, "oo si lama filaan ah waxaan u arkay farshaxan si fiican u yaqaan shaqadiisa!"

Markii dhageysigu dhammaaday, Galletti wuxuu si xamaasad leh ugu dhawaaqay Battistini: "Waxaan kula heesi doonaa farxad aad u weyn!"

Sidaas darteed Battistini wuxuu saftay kulankiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay isagoo ah King Alfonso XI ee Castile. Bandhigga ka dib, Mattia waxaa la yaabay guusha lama filaanka ah. Galletti ayaa ka riixay daahyada gadaashiisa, wuxuuna ka daba qayliyey: “Soo bax! Masraxa fuul! Way ku bogaadinayaan!” Fannaanka da'da yar aad buu u faraxsanaa oo aad u wareeray, isagoo doonaya inuu u mahadceliyo daawadayaasha jahawareerka ah, sida Fracassini uu xasuusto, wuxuu iska saaray madaxiisii ​​boqornimada labada gacmood!

Codka iyo xirfadda noocan oo kale ah sida Battistini, ma uusan joogi karin Talyaaniga muddo dheer, heesaaguna wuxuu ka tagayaa dalkiisa wax yar ka dib bilawga xirfadiisa. Battistini wuxuu ku heesi jiray Ruushka lix iyo labaatan xilli oo xiriir ah, si joogto ah 1888 ilaa 1914. Wuxuu kaloo soo booqday Spain, Austria, Germany, Scandinavia, England, Belgium, Holland. Meel kastana waxa la socday ammaan iyo bogaadin ay ka heleen dhaleecayn caan ah oo reer Yurub ah, kuwaas oo ku abaalmariyey erayo sasabasho leh, sida: “Maestro of all the maestros of Italian bel canto”, “Living perfection”, “Vocal mucjiso”, “King of baritones”. ” iyo magacyo kale oo badan oo aan ka yarayn magac-xumo!

Mar Battistini xitaa booqday South America. Bishii Luulyo-Ogosto 1889, wuxuu safar dheer ku soo maray Argentina, Brazil iyo Uruguay. Ka dib, heesaha ayaa diiday inuu aado Ameerika: u guurista badda dhexdeeda waxay u keentay dhibaato badan. Waxaa intaa dheer, wuxuu si xun ugu bukooday Koonfurta Ameerika isagoo qaba qandho jaalle ah. "Waan fuuli karaa buurta ugu sarreysa," ayuu yiri Battistini, "Waxaan ku soo degi karaa caloosha dhulka, laakiin marnaba dib uma soo celin doono safar dheer oo badda ah!"

Ruushku wuxuu waligiis ahaa mid ka mid ah wadamada uu jecel yahay Battistini. Waxa uu halkaas kula kulmay intii ugu xamaasad badnayd, isagoo faraxsan, laga yaabaa in la yidhaahdo soo dhawayn waali ah. Fannaanka ayaa xitaa si kaftan ah u odhan jiray "Ruushku waligiis uma noqon waddan qabow isaga." Battistini saaxiibkiisa joogtada ah ee Ruushka waa Sigrid Arnoldson, oo loo yaqaan "nightingale Swedish." Sannado badan wuxuu sidoo kale la heesi jiray Adelina Patti oo caan ah, Isabella Galletti, Marcella Sembrich, Olimpia Boronat, Luisa Tetrazzini, Giannina Russ, Juanita Capella, Gemma Bellinchoni iyo Lina Cavalieri. Fanaaniinta, saaxiibkiisa ugu dhow Antonio Cotogni, iyo sidoo kale Francesco Marconi, Giuliano Gaillard, Francesco Tamagno, Angelo Masini, Roberto Stagno, Enrico Caruso inta badan isaga la sameeyay.

In ka badan hal mar fannaanka Polish J. Wajda-Korolevich ayaa la heesay Battistini; Waa tan waxa ay ku xasuusato:

“Runtii waxa uu ahaa heesaa weyn. Weligay noloshayda maan maqlin dabacsanaanta codkan oo kale. Waxa uu ku heesay si fudud, isaga oo ilaalinaya dhammaan diiwaannada soo jiidashada sixirka timbre, had iyo jeer si siman oo had iyo jeer si fiican ayuu u heesaa - si xun uma heesin. Waa inaad ku dhalatay sida dhawaaqa dhawaaqa, midabaynta codka iyo sinnaanta codka oo dhan laguma gaari karo tababar kasta!

Sida Figaro ee Barber of Seville, wuxuu ahaa mid aan la barbar dhigi karin. Aarigii ugu horreeyey oo aad ugu adag xagga codka iyo xawliga ku dhawaaqida, waxa uu ku soo bandhigay dhoola cadeyn iyo fudayd aad moodo in uu si kaftan ah u heesayo. Waa uu garanayay dhammaan qaybaha ay ka kooban tahay masraxa, oo haddii mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta uu ka habsaamay akhrinta, wuu u heesi jiray. Timo-jareyaashiisa ayuu ugu adeegi jiray kaftan-kaftan-waxa ay u ekayd in uu naftiisa ku maaweelinayey oo uu naftiisa ku raaxaysanayo waxa uu samaynayey kun dhawaaqood oo yaab leh.

Aad buu u qurxoonaa - dheer, si cajiib ah u dhisay, dhoola cadeynta soo jiidasho leh iyo indho madow oo weyn oo reer koonfureed ah. Tani, dabcan, waxay sidoo kale gacan ka geysatay guushiisa.

Waxa kale oo uu ku fiicnaa Don Giovanni (waxaan la heesay Zerlina isaga). Battistini had iyo jeer waxa uu ku jiray niyad wanaagsan, qosol iyo kaftan. Waxa uu jeclaa in uu ila heeso, isaga oo codkayga la dhacsan. Weli waxaan hayaa sawirkiisa oo ay ku qoran tahay: "Alia piu bella voce sul mondo".

Inta lagu guda jiro mid ka mid ah xilliyadii guusha ee Moscow, bishii Ogosto 1912, at waxqabadka opera "Rigoletto", daawadayaasha waaweyn ayaa ahaa mid aad u koronto, aad u cadhooday oo ku baaqay in la xoojiyo, in Battistini uu ku celiyay - tani ma aha buunbuunin. - Opera oo dhan min bilow ilaa dhamaad. Bandhig faneedka oo bilaabmay siddeedii fiidnimo, waxa uu dhammaaday saddexdii subaxnimo oo keliya!

Sharaftu waxay ahayd caadada Battistini. Gino Monaldi, oo ah taariikhyahan faneed caan ah, ayaa yiri: “Waxaan heshiis la saxiixday Battistini oo la xiriira wax soo saarka weyn ee Verdi's opera Simon Boccanegra ee Masraxa Costanzi ee Rome. Dadkii hore ee masraxyada aad ayey u xusuustaan. Waxyaabuhu si fiican iigumay soo bixin, oo subaxdii waxqabadka ma aanan haysan lacagta lagama maarmaanka ah si aan u bixiyo orchestra iyo Battistini laftiisa fiidkii. Waxa aan u imid fannaanadii aniga oo jahawareer xun ku jira, waxaanan bilaabay in aan raalli-gelin ka bixiyo guul-darradii aan gaadhay. Laakiin markaas Battitini ayaa ii yimid oo igu yidhi: "Haddii tani ay tahay waxa kaliya, markaas waxaan rajeynayaa inaan isla markiiba ku xaqiijin doono. Immisa ayaad u baahan tahay? "Waa inaan bixiyaa kooxda orkester-ka, waxaanan kugu leeyahay shan iyo toban boqol oo litir. Kaliya shan kun iyo shan boqol oo litir. "Hagaag," ayuu igu yidhi, isagoo gacan qaadaya, "halkan waxaa yaal afar kun oo liire oo orchestra ah. Lacagtaydana, waad soo celin doontaa markaad awooddo. Taasi waa sida uu ahaa Battitini!

Ilaa 1925, Battistini wuxuu ku heesay marxaladaha guryaha opera ee ugu weyn adduunka. Tan iyo 1926, taas oo ah, markii uu ahaa toddobaatan jir, wuxuu inta badan bilaabay inuu heeso riwaayadaha. Weli waxa uu lahaa isla codka macaan, isku kalsooni, dhayal iyo naf deeqsinimo, iyo sidoo kale nolol iyo fudayd. Dhagaystayaasha Vienna, Berlin, Munich, Stockholm, London, Bucharest, Paris iyo Prague way ku qanci karaan tan.

Bartamihii 20-meeyadii, heesaagu wuxuu lahaa calaamadihii ugu horreeyay ee cad ee jirrada bilawga ah, laakiin Battistini, oo geesinimo la yaab leh, ayaa si qallafsan ugu jawaabay dhakhaatiirta kula talisay inay joojiyaan riwaayadda: "Sayidow, waxaan haystaa laba ikhtiyaar oo keliya - inaan heeso. ama dhiman! Waxaan rabaa inaan heeso!"

Oo isna wuxuu sii waday inuu heeso yaab leh, iyo soprano Arnoldson iyo dhakhtar ayaa ku fadhiistay kuraasta masraxa, isla markiiba diyaar u ah, haddii loo baahdo, si loo siiyo cirbadeynta morphine.

Oktoobar 17, 1927, Battitini wuxuu dhigay riwaayadii ugu dambeysay ee Graz. Ludwig Prien, oo ah maamulaha hoyga opera ee Graz, ayaa dib u xasuusiyay: “Dib u soo noqoshada, wuu dhacay, isagoo si dhib yar u awoodi waayay inuu cagihiisa ku istaago. Laakiin markii hoolka u yeedhay, ayuu haddana soo baxay si uu salaamo uga jawaabo, wuu toosay, oo xooggiisii ​​oo dhan soo urursaday, wuuna soo baxay marar badan…”

In ka yar hal sano ka dib, November 7, 1928, Battistini dhintay.