Nikolay Semenovych Golovanov (Nikolay Golovanov) |

Nikolay Golovanov

Way adag tahay in la buunbuuniyo doorka muusikaystahan cajiibka ah ee horumarinta dhaqanka fulinta Soofiyeedka. In ka badan afartan sano, Golovanov shaqadiisa midho leh ayaa sii waday, taasoo ka dhigeysa calaamad muhiim ah labadaba masraxa opera iyo nolosha riwaayadaha ee dalka. Waxa uu u keenay dhaqamada nololeed ee Classics-ka Ruushka ee fannaanka da'da yar ee Soofiyeedka.

Dhallintiisii, Golovanov waxa uu dugsi heer sare ah ka helay Iskuulka Synodal Moscow (1900-1909), halkaas oo uu wax u baray hoggaamiyeyaasha heesaha caanka ah ee V. Orlov iyo A. Kastalsky. Sannadkii 1914kii waxa uu ka qalin jabiyay sharaftii Moscow Conservatory ee fasalka halabuurka ee M. Ippolitov-Ivanov iyo S. Vasilenko. Wax yar ka dib kooriyaha da'da yar ayaa durba bilaabay shaqo hal abuur leh oo ka socda Tiyaatarka Bolshoi. Sanadkii 1919-kii, Golovanov wuxuu sameeyay bandhigiisa ugu horeeyay ee halkan - isaga oo hoos imanaya jihada Rimsky-Korsakov's opera Sheekada Tsar Saltan ayaa la sameeyay.

Hawlaha Golovanov waxay ahaayeen kuwo xooggan oo dhinacyo badan leh. Sannadihii ugu horreeyay ee kacaanka, wuxuu si xamaasad leh uga qaybqaatay abaabulka istuudiyaha opera ee Tiyaatarka Bolshoi (ka dib Stanislavsky Opera House), wuxuu raacay AV Nezhdanova safarkeeda Galbeedka Yurub (1922-1923), muusikada ayuu qoray wuxuu qoray laba operas, riwaayado, jacayl badan iyo shuqullo kale), oo baro opera iyo fasallo orkestral ah ee Moscow Conservatory (1925-1929). Tan iyo 1937, Golovanov ayaa hogaaminayay All-Union Radio Grand Symphony Orchestra, kaas oo uu hogaaminayay, waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah kooxaha muusikada ugu fiican ee dalka.

Muddo tobanaan sano ah, bandhig faneedka Golovanov wuxuu ahaa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah nolosha farshaxanka ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. N. Anosov ayaa qoray: "Markaad ka fikirto sawirka hal-abuurka ah ee Nikolai Semenovich Golovanov, nuxurkiisa qaranku wuxuu u muuqdaa inuu yahay midka ugu muhiimsan, qaabka ugu caansan. Goobta qaran ee Ruushka ee hal-abuurka waxay ku dhex jirtaa waxqabadka Golovanov, samaynta iyo curinta hawlaha.

Runtii, kormeeruhu wuxuu arkay shaqadiisa ugu weyn ee dacaayadda iyo faafinta dhammaan qaybaha muusikada qadiimiga ah ee Ruushka. Barnaamijyada fiidnimadiisa heesaha, magacyada Tchaikovsky, Mussorgsky, Borodin, Rimsky-Korsakov, Scriabin, Glazunov, Rachmaninov ayaa inta badan la helay. U soo jeesashada shaqooyinka muusiga Soofiyeedka, wuxuu eegay ugu horreyntii sifooyin isdaba-joog ah oo la xidhiidha fasalada Ruushka; Wax nasiib ah ma aha in Golovanov uu ahaa ciyaaryahankii ugu horeeyay ee shanaad, lixaad, labaatan iyo labaad Symphonies iyo N. Myaskovsky's "Greeting Overture".

Ganacsiga ugu muhiimsan ee nolosha Golovanov wuxuu ahaa masraxa muusikada. Oo halkan dareenkiisu wuxuu ku dhowaad si gaar ah diiradda u saaray ciyaaraha opera ee Ruushka. Tiyaatarka Bolshoi wuxuu sameeyay ilaa labaatan wax-soo-saar heer-koowaad ah oo isaga hoos yimaada. Dib-u-eegistii kormeeraha waxaa lagu qurxiyey Ruslan iyo Lyudmila, Eugene Onegin, Boqoradda Spades, Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Sorochinskaya Fair, Prince Igor, Sheekada Tsar Saltan, Sadko, aroosadda Tsar, Habeenka May, Habeenka ka hor Christmas-ka, The Cockerel Dahab ah, Sheekada Magaalada aan la arki karin ee Kitezh iyo Maiden Fevronia - eray ahaan, ku dhawaad ​​​​dhammaan heesaha ugu fiican ee halabuurayaasha Ruushka.

Golovanov ayaa si la yaab leh u dareemay oo garanayay waxyaabaha gaarka ah ee masraxa opera-ga. Sameynta mabaadi'diisa masraxa waxaa si weyn u fududeeyay shaqada wadajirka ah ee A. Nezhdanova, F. Chaliapin, P. Sobinov. Sida laga soo xigtay dadka casriga ah, Golovanov had iyo jeer waxay si firfircoon u falanqeeyeen dhammaan hababka nolosha masraxa, ilaa rakibidda muuqaalka. opera-ka Ruushka, waxa ugu horrayn soo jiitay baaxadda hal-abuurka leh, cabbirka fikradaha, iyo xoojinta shucuureed. Isaga oo si qoto dheer u yaqaan codka gaarka ah, waxa uu awooday in uu si miro-dhal ah ula shaqeeyo fannaaniinta, isaga oo si hagar la’aan ah uga raadinayo muujinta fanka. M. Maksakova waxa uu xasuustaa: “Awood sixir run ah ayaa isaga ka timid. Joogitaankiisa kaliya ayaa mararka qaar ku filan in lagu dareemo muusigga qaab cusub, si loo fahmo qaar ka mid ah nuucyada hore ee qarsoonaa. Markii Golovanov uu istaagay gadaasha konsole, gacantiisu waxay samaysay codka si sax ah, isaga oo aan u oggolaan in uu "faafiyo". Rabitaanka uu u qabo in xooga la saaro firfircoonida iyo darajooyinka ku meel gaadhka ah ayaa mararka qaarkood sababay muran. Laakin si uun ama si kaleba, daawadeenku waxa uu gaadhay muuqaal farshaxan oo muuqda.

Golovanov si joogto ah oo ujeedo leh ula shaqeeyay orchestra. Sheekooyinka ku saabsan "arxan darada" Golovanov ee ku aaddan orchestra waxay noqdeen ku dhawaad ​​halyey. Laakiin tani waxay ahayd oo kaliya dalabaadka aan tanaasulka lahayn ee fannaanka, waajibaadkiisa muusik ahaan. "Waxay sheegaan in kirishbooyuhu uu xooga saaro rabitaanka jilayaasha, isaga laftiisa ayuu hoos u dhigayaa," Golovanov ayaa xusay. - Tani waa run oo lama huraan ah, laakiin, dabcan, waxay ku jirtaa xad macquul ah. Marka la fulinayo hal dhan, waa in uu jiro dardaaran keliya. Tani waxay, qalbigiisa oo dhan, tamartiisa oo dhan Golovanov siiyey adeegga muusikada Ruushka.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek