Sergei Mikhailovich Lyapunov |
Sergei Lyapunov
Waxa uu ku dhashay on November 18 (30), 1859 in Yaroslavl ee qoyska astronomer ah (walaalkiis ka weyn - Alexander Lyapunov - xisaabiye, xubin u dhiganta Academy of Sayniska ee USSR; walaalkiis ka yar - Boris Lyapunov - falsafada Slavic, academician ee Academy USSR ah. Cilmiga). 1873-1878 wuxuu wax ku bartay fasalada muusiga ee laanta Nizhny Novgorod ee Imperial Russian Musical Society oo uu la qaatay macalinkii caanka ahaa ee V.Yu.Villuan. Sannadkii 1883-kii wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay konserfatifka Moscow isagoo helay billad dahab ah oo uu sameeyay SI Taneyev iyo biyaano uu sameeyay PA Pabst. Bilowgii 1880-meeyadii, xiisaha Lyapunov ee ku aaddan shuqullada qorayaasha "Mighty Handful", gaar ahaan MA Balakirev iyo AP Borodin, ayaa dib u soo laabtay. Sababtan awgeed, wuxuu diiday dalabka ah inuu macalin ka sii ahaado Moscow Conservatory wuxuuna u guuray St. Petersburg dayrtii 1885, isagoo noqday ardaygii iyo saaxiibka gaarka ah ee Balakirev.
Saamayntani waxay calaamad ku reebtay dhammaan shaqada curinta ee Lyapunov; waxaa laga heli karaa labadaba qoraalka heesaha muusiga iyo qaab-dhismeedka shaqadiisa piano, kaas oo sii wada khadka gaarka ah ee pianism-ka virtuoso ee Ruushka (oo uu beero Balakirev, waxay ku tiirsan tahay farsamooyinka Liszt iyo Chopin). Laga soo bilaabo 1890 Lyapunov wax ku baray Nikolaev Cadet Corps, 1894-1902 wuxuu ahaa kaaliyaha maareeyaha Choir Court. Later waxa uu u ciyaaray sidii pianist iyo kaari (oo ay ku jiraan dibadda), wada tafatirka Balakirev ururinta ugu dhamaystiran ee shuqullada Glinka ee wakhtigaas. Laga soo bilaabo 1908 wuxuu ahaa maamulaha Dugsiga Muusiga ee Bilaashka ah; 1910-1923 waxa uu bare ka ahaa St. Petersburg Conservatory, halkaas oo uu baray fasalada biyaano, iyo laga bilaabo 1917 sidoo kale halabuurka iyo counterpoint; tan iyo 1919 - borofisar ka ah Machadka Taariikhda Farshaxanka. 1923-kii waxa uu u aaday safar dibadda ah, waxa uu Paris ku qabtay riwaayado dhowr ah.
Dhaxalka hal-abuurka ah ee Lyapunov, meesha ugu muhiimsan waxaa ku jira shuqullada orchestra (laba symphonies, gabayada symphonic) iyo gaar ahaan shuqullada biyaano - laba riwaayadood iyo Rhapsody ah oo ku saabsan Mawduucyada Yukreeniyaan ee biyaano iyo orkestra iyo ciyaaro badan oo noocyo kala duwan ah, inta badan la isku daray galay opus wareegyada (preludes, waltzes, mazurkas, kala duwanaansho, daraasado, iwm.); Waxa kale oo uu abuuray jacayl yar, oo u badan erayada gabayaaga qadiimiga ah ee Ruushka, iyo tiro kooxeedyo ruuxi ah. Isaga oo xubin ka ah Bulshada Juqraafiga Ruushka, 1893-kii curiyaha wuxuu la safray folklorist FM Istomin dhowr gobol oo waqooyi ah si uu u duubo heesaha dadweynaha, kuwaas oo lagu daabacay ururinta Heesaha Dadka Ruushka (1899; ka dib curiyaha ayaa diyaariyey qabanqaabada heeso badan oo cod iyo biyaano ah). Qaabka Lyapunov, oo dib ugu soo laabanaya horraantii (1860-meeyadii – 1870-meeyadii) ee Dugsiga Cusub ee Ruushka, ayaa ah mid aan caadi ahayn, laakiin waxaa lagu kala soocaa daahirnimo iyo sharaf weyn.
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