Umberto Giordano |

Umberto Giordano

Giordano, sida qaar badan oo ka mid ah asxaabtiisa, ayaa weli taariikhda ku jira qoraaga hal opera, inkastoo uu qoray in ka badan toban. Garaadka Puccini ayaa hadheeyay kartidiisa suubban. Dhaxalka Giordano waxa ku jira noocyo kala duwan. Waxaa ka mid ah masraxyadiisa waxaa jira operas dhab ah, oo ay ka buuxaan dareen dabiici ah, sida Mascagni's Rural Honor iyo Leoncavallo's Pagliacci. Waxa kale oo jira kuwo hees-riwaayad ah, oo la mid ah operas-yadii Puccini - oo leh dareeno qoto dheer oo aad u daahsoon, oo inta badan ku salaysan shirqoollo taariikhi ah oo ay farsameeyaan qorayaasha Faransiiska. Dhammaadkii noloshiisa, Giordano wuxuu sidoo kale u jeestay noocyada majaajillada.

Umberto Giordano waxa uu dhashay 28 (sida laga soo xigtay ilo kale 27) Ogosto 1867 magaalada yar ee Foggia ee gobolka Apulia. Waxa uu isku diyaarinayay in uu noqdo dhakhtar, laakiin markii uu da'diisu ahayd afar iyo toban aabbihiis wuxuu u diray Naples Conservatory ee San Pietro Maiella, halkaas oo macalinkii ugu fiicnaa ee wakhtigaas, Paolo Serrao, baray. Marka laga reebo halabuurka, Giordano wuxuu bartay piano, xubin iyo violin. Intii uu waxbarashadiisa ku jiray, waxa uu sameeyay hees-faneed, bandhig faneed iyo opera hal-abuur ah oo Marina ah, kaas oo uu u gudbiyay tartan uu ku dhawaaqay 1888-kii madbacaddii Roomaanka ee Edoardo Sonzogno. Maamuuska Reer Miyiga ee Mascagni ayaa ku guuleystay abaal-marintii ugu horreysay, taasoo soo saaristeedu furtay xilli cusub – oo dhab ah – masraxa faneedka Talyaaniga. "Marina" laguma abaalmarin wax abaalmarin ah, waligiis lama soo bandhigin, laakiin Giordano, oo ah kan ugu da'da yar ee ka qaybgalayaasha tartanka, ayaa soo jiitay dareenka xeerbeegtida, kaas oo u xaqiijiyay Sonzogno in qoraaga kow iyo labaatan jirka ah uu aadi doono meel fog. Daabacaha wuxuu bilaabay inuu dhageysto dib u eegista wanaagsan ee Giordano markii guriga daabacaadda Ricordi ee la tartamaya Sonzogno uu daabacay biyaano Idyll, iyo xargaha xargaha ayaa si wanaagsan u helay saxafiyiinta Naples Conservatory. Sonzogno wuxuu ku casuumay Giordano, oo sanadkan ka qalin jabinayey konserfatifka, Rome, kaasoo u ciyaaray Marina isaga, daabacaaduhuna wuxuu u saxiixay qandaraas opera cusub. Isaga laftiisu wuxuu doortay libretto oo ku salaysan riwaayadda "Vow" ee qoraaga caanka ah ee Neapolitan di Giacomo, kaas oo muujinaya muuqaalada nolosha Neapolitan hoose. Qaabka opera, loo yaqaan The Lost Life, wuxuu ahaa Honor Miyiga, wax soo saarku wuxuu ka dhacay Rome 1892, isla maalintaas Pagliacci. Kadibna The Lost Life waxay aragtay iftiinka iftiinka meel ka baxsan Talyaaniga, Vienna, halkaas oo ay ka ahayd guul weyn, shan sano ka dib daabacadeedii labaad waxay soo baxday magaca nidarka.

Ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay konservatory ee abaalmarinta koowaad, Giordano wuxuu noqday macalinkiisa 1893-kiina wuxuu sameeyay opera saddexaad, Regina Diaz, ee Naples. Waxay noqotay mid aad uga duwan tii hore, in kasta oo qorayaasha Maamuuska Miyiga ay u dhaqmeen sidii xorriyad-doon. Waxay dib-u-hawlgaliyeen libretto-dii hore qaab taariikhi ah, oo ku saleysan taas oo Donizetti ku qortay opera jaceylka Maria di Rogan nus qarni ka hor. "Regina Diaz" ma aysan helin ogolaanshaha Sonzogno: wuxuu ku dhawaaqay qoraaga dhexdhexaadka ah wuxuuna ka reebay taageerada agabka. Laxanka ayaa xitaa go'aansaday inuu beddelo xirfaddiisa - si uu u noqdo koox-kooxeed milatari ama macalin deyrka (wuxuu ku fiicnaa seef).

Wax walba way is beddeleen markii saaxiibkii Giordano, laxamiistaha A. Franchetti, uu siiyay libretto "Andre Chenier", taas oo ku dhiirigelisay Giordano inuu abuuro opera-kiisii ​​ugu fiicnaa, oo lagu soo bandhigay La Scala ee Milan 1896. Laba sano iyo badh ka dib, Fedora wuxuu bilaabay Naples . Guusheeda ayaa u ogolaatay Giordano inuu dhiso guri u dhow Baveno, oo loo yaqaan "Villa Fyodor", halkaas oo uu ku qornaa hawlihiisa xiga. Waxaa ka mid ah mid kale oo ku saabsan shirqoolka Ruushka - "Siberia" (1903). Halkaa dhexdeeda, hal-abuurku mar kale u jeestay verismo, isaga oo sawiraya riwaayad jacayl iyo hinaaso oo dhiig-yaraan ah oo dhiig-miirasho ah ku leeyahay addoonsiga ciqaabta ee Siberian. Isla line-ka waxaa sii waday bishii Mariano (1910), mar kale oo ku salaysan ciyaarta di Giacomo. Wareeg kale ayaa dhacay bartamihii 1910-meeyadii: Giordano wuxuu u jeestay nooca majaajilada iyo in ka badan toban sano (1915-1924) ayaa qoray Madame Saint-Gene, Jupiter ee Pompeii (iyadoo lala kaashanayo A. Franchetti) iyo Casho Kaftanka “. Hawlgalkiisii ​​ugu dambeeyay wuxuu ahaa King (1929). Isla sanadkaas, Giordano wuxuu noqday xubin ka mid ah Akademiyada Talyaaniga. Labaatankii sano ee soo socda, wax kale ma qorin.

Giordano wuxuu ku dhintay magaalada Milano 12-kii November 1948-kii.

A. Koenigsberg

Halabuurka:

riwaayado (12), oo ay ku jiraan Regina Diaz (1894, Masraxa Mercadante, Naples), André Chenier (1896, La Scala Theatre, Milan), Fedora (oo ku salaysan riwaayada by V. Sardou, 1898, Lyrico Tiyaatarka, Milan), Siberia (Siberia). . Franchetti, 1903, Rome), Casho Kaftanka (La cena della beffe, oo ku salaysan riwaayadda S. Benelli, 1907, La Scala Theatre, Milan), Boqorka (Il Re, 1915, ibid); ballet - "Xiddiga Sixirka" (L'Astro magiсo, 1928, aan la dhigin); Orchestra - Piedigrotta, Heesta Tobanka sano (Inno al Decennale, 1933), Joy (Delizia, aan la daabicin); qaybo biyaano; jaceylka; muusiga loogu talagalay riwaayadaha masraxa, iwm.