Yuri Mazurok (Yuri Mazurok) |

Yuri Mazurok

Wuxuu ku dhashay July 18, 1931 magaalada Krasnik, Lublin Voivodeship (Poland). Wiilka - Mazurok Yuri Yuryevich (wuxuu dhashay 1965), pianist.

Carruurnimada heesaha mustaqbalka ayaa ka gudbay Ukraine, taas oo muddo dheer caan ku ahayd codad qurux badan. Yuri wuxuu bilaabay inuu heeso, sida badan oo heesay, isaga oo aan ka fikirin xirfadda cod-yaqaanka. Ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay dugsiga sare, waxa uu galay Lviv Polytechnic Institute.

Sanadihii uu ardaygu ku jiray, Yuri waxa uu si xamaasad leh u xiisaynayay masraxa muusiga - oo ma aha oo kaliya daawade, laakiin sidoo kale jilaa hiwaayad ah, halkaas oo awoodiisa cod ee cajiibka ah markii hore la shaaciyay. Wax yar ka dib Mazurok wuxuu noqday "hore" la aqoonsan yahay ee istuudiyaha opera ee machadka, kaas oo bandhigiisa uu ku sameeyay qaybaha Eugene Onegin iyo Germont.

Ma aha oo kaliya macalimiinta istuudiyaha hiwaayadda ayaa u fiirsaday kartida ninka dhalinyarada ah. Waxa uu si isdaba joog ah u maqlay talada si ay si xirfad leh u galaan codad badan iyo, gaar ahaan, qof aad u awood badan oo magaalada ah, soloist ee Opera House Lviv, Artist dadka ee USSR P. Karmalyuk. Yuri ayaa muddo dheer ka meermeeray, sababtoo ah waxa uu mar hore isku caddeeyey inuu yahay injineer batroolka (1955 wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay machadka oo uu galay dugsi sare). Kiis ayaa go'aamiyay kiiska. Sanadkii 1960-kii, markii uu safar shaqo ku joogay Moscow, Mazurok wuxuu halis geliyay "inuu tijaabiyo nasiibkiisa": wuxuu u yimid bandhigga konserfatifka. Laakiin ma ahayn shil kaliya: waxaa loo keenay konserfatifka xiisaha fanka, muusigga, heesaha…

Laga soo bilaabo tillaabooyinka ugu horreeya ee farshaxanka xirfadda, Yuri Mazurok wuxuu ahaa mid aad u nasiib badan macalinkiisa. Professor SI Migai, waagii hore mid ka mid ah baritones caan ah, oo la soo bandhigay nalalka masraxa opera ee Ruushka - F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov, A. Nezhdanova - marka hore Mariinsky, ka dibna sanado badan - ee Bolshoi. Tiyaatarka. Qof firfircoon, xasaasi ah, aad u faraxsan, Sergei Ivanovich wuxuu ahaa mid naxariis la'aan ah xukummadiisa, laakiin haddii uu la kulmo xirfado run ah, wuxuu ula dhaqmay daryeel naadir ah iyo taxadar. Kadib markuu dhagaystay Yuri, wuxuu yidhi: “Waxaan u malaynayaa inaad tahay injineer wanaagsan. Laakiin waxaan u maleynayaa inaad iska dhaafi karto kiimikada iyo saliidda waqtiga la joogo. Codka qaado.” Laga bilaabo maalintaas, ra'yiga SI Blinking ayaa go'aamiyay waddada Yuri Mazurok.

SI Migai waxa uu u kaxaystay fasalkiisa, isaga oo ku aqoonsanaya qofka u qalma in uu ku guulaysto heesaaga opera-ga ugu fiican. Dhimashadu waxay ka hor istaagtay Sergei Ivanovich inuu ardaygiisa keeno shahaadada, iyo lataliyeyaashiisa xiga waxay ahaayeen - ilaa dhammaadka konserfatifka, Professor A. Dolivo, iyo dugsiga sare - Professor AS Sveshnikov.

Markii hore, Yuri Mazurok waqti adag ayuu ku qaatay konservatory. Dabcan, wuu ka da' weynaa oo wuu ka khibrad badnaa ardayda kale, laakiin xirfad ahaan aad ayuu u yareeyey: wuxuu ka maqan yahay aasaaska aqoonta muusikada, saldhigga aragtida laga helay, sida kuwa kale, dugsiga muusikada, kulliyadda.

Dabeecadda ayaa ku deeqday Yu. Mazurok oo leh baritone leh qurux gaar ah oo timbre ah, kala duwanaansho weyn, xitaa dhammaan diiwangelinta. Bandhigyada bandhigyada opera-ga hiwaayadda ah waxay ka caawiyeen inuu helo dareenka masraxa, isku-dubbaridka xirfadaha waxqabadka, iyo dareenka la xidhiidha dhagaystayaasha. Laakiin dugsiga uu ku dhex maray fasallada ilaalinta, dabeecaddiisa u gaarka ah ee xirfadda fannaanka opera, taxaddar, shaqo xiiso leh, buuxinta dhammaan shuruudaha macallimiinta ayaa go'aamiyay jidkiisa hagaajinta, isaga oo ka adkaanaya dhererka adag ee xirfadda.

Oo halkan dabeecaddu waxay saamaysay - adkaysi, dadaal iyo, ugu muhiimsan, jacaylka xiisaha leh ee heesaha iyo muusikada.

La yaab ma leh in muddo aad u yar ka dib ay bilaabeen in ay isaga ka hadlaan isaga oo ah magac cusub oo ka soo muuqday shirkadda opera. Muddo 3 sano ah oo keliya, Mazurok wuxuu ku guuleystay abaalmarinno 3 tartan cod ah oo ugu adag: isagoo weli arday ah, guga Prague ee 1960 - kii labaad; sanadka soo socda (horey ugu jirtay shahaadada "darajada") ee tartanka loogu magac daray George Enescu ee Bucharest - kii saddexaad iyo, ugu dambeyntii, tartanka II All-Union ee loogu magac daray MI Glinka ee 1962, wuxuu la wadaagay booska labaad V. Atlantov iyo M. Reshetin. Fikradda macallimiinta, dhaleeceynta muusikada, iyo xubnaha xeerbeegtida waxay ahaayeen, sida caadiga ah, isku mid ah: jilicsanaanta iyo qaninimada timbre, dabacsanaanta iyo quruxda dhifka ah ee codkiisa - baritone lyrical, cantilena innate - ayaa si gaar ah loo xusay.

Sanadihii ilaalinta, heesaagu wuxuu xalliyay tiro hawlo marxaladeed oo adag. Geesiyaashiisu waxay ahaayeen kuwa xariif ah, Figaro ah oo ku yaal Rossini's Barber of Seville iyo jacaylka aadka u jecel Ferdinando (Prokofiev's Duenna), fannaanka saboolka ah ee Marcel (Puccini's La bohème) iyo Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin - bilawga taariikh nololeedka farshaxanka Yuri Mazurok.

"Eugene Onegin" ayaa door gaar ah ka ciyaaray nolosha heesaha iyo sameynta shakhsiyadiisa hal-abuurka ah. Markii ugu horeysay ee uu masraxa ka soo muuqday qaybta ciwaanka ee opera-kan ee masraxa hiwaayadda; ka dib waxa uu ku sameeyay istuudiyaha konserfatifka iyo, ugu dambeyntii, masraxa tiyaatarka Bolshoi (Mazurok waxaa loo aqbalay kooxda tababarka ee 1963). Qaybtan ayaa markaa si guul leh u sameeyay isaga oo ku jira marxaladaha guryaha hogaamisa opera adduunka - ee London, Milan, Toulouse, New York, Tokyo, Paris, Warsaw … muusiga, macnaha odhaah kasta, dhacdo kasta.

Iyo Onegin gebi ahaanba ka duwan Mazurok - ee waxqabadka Masraxa Bolshoi. Halkan farshaxanku wuxuu go'aamiyaa sawirka si ka duwan, isagoo gaadhay qoto dheer oo maskaxeed oo naadir ah, oo keenaya riwaayadaha kalinimada ee burburiya shakhsiyadda aadanaha. Onegin-kiisa waa mid dhulka ah, shakhsiyad prosaic ah, oo leh dabeecad isbedeli karo oo iska soo horjeeda. Mazurok wuxuu u gudbiyaa dhammaan kakanaanta shilalka ruuxiga ah ee geesigiisa si cajiib ah si sax ah oo la yaab leh oo run ah, meelna kuma dhicin melodramatism iyo waddooyinka beenta ah.

Ka dib doorka Onegin, farshaxanku wuxuu ku gudbay imtixaan kale oo culus oo mas'uul ka ah Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, isagoo ciyaaray doorka Prince Andrei ee Dagaalka iyo Nabadda Prokofiev. Marka lagu daro kakanaanta dhibcaha guud ahaan guud ahaan, kakanaanta waxqabadka, halkaas oo daraasiin jilayaal ah ayaa u dhaqma sidaas darteed farshaxan gaar ah oo la xidhiidha wada-hawlgalayaasha ayaa loo baahan yahay, sawirkan laftiisa ayaa ah mid aad u adag labadaba muusikada, codka iyo marxaladda labadaba. . Caddayn ee ra'yiga actorka, amarka bilaashka ah ee codka, hodantinimada midabada codka iyo dareenka aan isbeddelin ee marxaladda ayaa ka caawisay heesaa inuu sawiro sawir nafsi ah oo nolosha ah oo ku saabsan geesiga Tolstoy iyo Prokofiev.

Y. Mazurok wuxuu sameeyay doorka Andrei Bolkonsky ee waxqabadkii ugu horreeyay ee Dagaalka iyo Nabadda ee socdaalka Masraxa Bolshoi ee Talyaaniga. Saxafiyiin badan oo ajnabi ah ayaa u riyaaqay farshaxankiisa waxayna siiyeen isaga, oo ay weheliyaan bandhigga qaybta Natasha Rostova - Tamara Milashkina, oo ah meel hogaamineed.

Mid ka mid ah doorarka "taajka" ee farshaxanku wuxuu ahaa sawirka Figaro ee "Barber of Seville" ee Rossini. Doorkan waxa uu u qaaday si fudud, caqli-gal, hufnaan iyo fadli badan. Cavatina caanka ah ee Figaro ayaa ka dhawaajisay wax qabadkiisa. Laakiin si ka duwan fannaaniin badan, kuwaas oo inta badan u rogaan oo kaliya lambar cod cajiib ah oo muujinaya farsamada virtuoso, Mazurok's cavatina ayaa shaaca ka qaaday dabeecadda geesiga - dabeecadiisa adag, go'aankiisa, awoodaha fiiqan ee fiirsashada iyo kaftan.

Kala duwanaanshaha hal-abuurka ee Yu.A. Mazurok waa mid aad u ballaaran. Intii lagu jiray sannadihii shaqada ee kooxda Tiyaatarka Bolshoi, Yuri Antonovich wuxuu sameeyay ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan qaybaha baritone (labadaba heeso iyo riwaayado!) kuwaas oo ku jiray riwaayadaha masraxa. Qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay u adeegaan tusaale faneedka waxqabadka waxaana loo nisbeyn karaa guulaha ugu wanagsan ee dugsiga opera-ga qaranka.

Marka lagu daro ciyaaraha kor ku xusan, geesiyaashiisu waxay ahaayeen Yeletsky ee Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades, oo leh jacaylkiisa sare; Germont ee Verdi ee La Traviata waa aristocrat sharaf leh, kaas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, sharafta iyo sumcadda qoyska ayaa ka sarreeya wax kasta oo kale; Count di Luna ee sharafta leh, ee kibirka badan ee Verdi's Il trovatore; caajisnimada madax adag Demetrius, kaas oo isku arka dhammaan noocyada majaajilada ah ("Riyada Habeenka Midsommar" ee Britten); jacaylka dhulkiisa oo si xiiso leh uga sheekeeya jirrabaadda mucjisada dabeecadda ee Venice, martida Vedenets ee Rimsky-Korsakov's Sadko; Marquis di Posa - sharaf weyn, geesinimo Isbaanish ah, oo si cabsi la'aan ah naftiisa u siinaya caddaaladda, xorriyadda dadka ("Don Carlos" ee Verdi) iyo antipode - taliyaha booliiska Scarpia ("Tosca" by Puccini); Dibi dagaalyahankii quruxda badnaa ee Escamillo (Carmen by Bizet) iyo badmaaxkii Ilyusha, oo ahaa wiil fudud oo sameeyay kacdoon (Oktoobar waxaa qoray Muradeli); da'yarta, taxadar la'aanta, cabsi la'aanta Tsarev (Prokofiev's Semyon Kotko) iyo karraaniga duma Shchelkalov (Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov). Liiska doorarka Yu.A. Mazurok waxaa sii waday Albert ("Werther" Massenet), Valentin ("Faust" ee Gounod), Guglielmo ("Dhammaan Haweenka Do It" by Mozart), Renato ("Un ballo in maschera" by Verdi), Silvio ("Pagliacci") "waxaa qoray Leoncavallo), Mazepa (" Mazepa by Tchaikovsky), Rigoletto (Verdi's Rigoletto), Enrico Aston (Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor), Amonasro (Verdi's Aida).

Mid kasta oo ka mid ah dhinacyadan, oo ay ku jiraan xitaa doorarka gaaban ee gaaban, waxaa lagu calaamadeeyaa dhammaystirka farshaxanka ee fikradda, fekerka iyo hagaajinta istaroog kasta, faahfaahin kasta, waxay soo jiidataa xoog shucuureed, buuxda fulinta. Heesaagu waligiis uma kala qaybin qaybta opera tirooyin kala duwan, arias, ensembles, laakiin waxay ku guulaysataa fidinta bilawga ilaa dhamaadka khadka iyada oo loo marayo horumarinta sawirka, taas oo gacan ka geysanaysa abuurista dareenka daacadnimada, dhammaystirnaanta macquulka ah ee sawirka geesiga, baahida loo qabo dhammaan ficilladiisa, ficilladiisa, haddii uu yahay geesiga riwaayadda opera ama cod gaaban oo gaaban.

Xirfadiisa ugu sareysa, amarka quruxda badan ee codka laga soo bilaabo tillaabooyinka ugu horreeya ee masraxa waxaa lagu qaddariyay ma aha oo kaliya kuwa jecel fanka opera, laakiin sidoo kale fanaaniinta kale. Irina Konstantinovna Arkhipova mar ayaa qortay: "Waxaan had iyo jeer tixgeliyey Y. Mazurok oo ah cod-yaqaan cajiib ah, qaab ciyaareedkiisu wuxuu noqdaa mid qurxin waxqabad kasta, mid ka mid ah marxaladaha opera ee ugu caansan adduunka. Onegin, Yeletsky, Prince Andrei, martida Vedenets, Germont, Figaro, di Posa, Demetrius, Tsarev iyo sawiro kale oo badan ayaa lagu calaamadeeyay dabeecad weyn oo gudaha ah, taas oo si muuqata u muujisa iskeed u xaddidan, taas oo dabiici ah isaga, tan iyo markii Isku soo wada duuboo dareeno, fikrado iyo heesaagu waxa uu ku cabiraa ficilada geesiyaashiisa hab cod ah. Codka heesaha, laastikada sida xadhigga, codka quruxda badan, dhammaan muuqaalkiisa waxaa horay u jiray sharaf, sharaf iyo sifooyin kale oo badan oo geesiyaal opera ah - tirinta, amiirrada, jilbaha. Tani waxay qeexaysaa shakhsiyadiisa hal-abuureed."

Waxqabadka hal-abuurka ee Yu.A. Mazurok kuma koobna shaqada Tiyaatarka Bolshoi. Waxa uu ku soo bandhigay bandhig faneedyo kale oo opera-ga dalka ah, waxa uu ka qayb qaatay wax soo saarka shirkadaha opera-yada ee ajaanibka ah. Sanadkii 1975-kii, heesaagu wuxuu sameeyay doorka Renato ee Verdi's Un ballo ee maschera ee Covent Garden. Xilli ciyaareedkii 1978/1979, wuxuu ka soo muuqday Metropolitan Opera sida Germont, halkaas oo uu sidoo kale ku sameeyay qaybta Scarpia ee Puccini's Tosca ee 1993. Scarpia Mazuroka ayaa siyaabo badan uga duwan tarjumaadda caadiga ah ee sawirkan: inta badan, hawl-wadeenadu waxa ay ku nuuxnuuxsadaan in taliyaha booliisku yahay qof aan naf lahayn, madax adag, madax adag. Yu.A. Mazurok, sidoo kale waa mid caqli badan, oo leh awood aad u weyn, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inuu qariyo dareenka, khiyaanada hoostiisa ee taranka wanaagsan ee aan fiicnayn, si uu u xakameeyo dareenka sabab.

Yuri Mazurok waxa uu dalka iyo dibadiisa ku soo wareegay riwaayado keligiis ah wax badan iyo guul. Heesaha qolka weyn ee heesaha waxaa ka mid ah heesaha iyo jaceylka ee qoraayaasha Ruushka iyo kuwa Galbeedka Yurub - Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninov, Rimsky-Korsakov, Schubert, Schumann, Grieg, Mahler, Ravel, wareegyada heesaha iyo jaceylka Shaporin, Khrennikov, Kablevsky, heesaha qaraamiga Ukraine. Tiro kasta oo barnaamijkiisu waa muuqaal, sawir-gacmeed, sawir, xaalad, dabeecad, niyadda geesiga. "Si cajiib ah ayuu u heesaa ... labadaba bandhigyada opera iyo riwaayadaha, halkaas oo hadiyad naadir ah ay ka caawiso isaga: dareenka qaabka. Haddii uu heeso Monteverdi ama Mascagni, muusiggani wuxuu had iyo jeer ahaan doonaa Talyaani Mazurok ... Tchaikovsky iyo Rachmaninov waxaa had iyo jeer ku noolaan doona "mabda'a Ruushka" oo aan la dabooli karin. waxay muujinaysaa sirdoonka dhabta ah iyo garaadka fannaanka "(IK Arkhipova).

Dareenka qaabka, fahamka qarsoodiga ah ee dabeecadda qorista muusikada ee hal ama qoraa kale - sifooyinkaas ayaa ka muuqday shaqada Yuri Mazurok horeba bilawga xirfadiisa hawleed. Caddaynta cad ee tani waa guushii tartanka codka caalamiga ah ee Montreal 1967. Tartanka Montreal wuxuu ahaa mid aad u adag: barnaamijka waxaa ku jiray shaqooyin dugsiyo kala duwan - laga bilaabo Bach ilaa Hindemith. Halabuurka ugu adag ee curiyaha Canadian Harry Sommers "Cayas" (laga soo tarjumay Hindi - "Waqti hore"), oo ku salaysan heeso iyo qoraallo dhab ah oo Hindida Kanada ah, ayaa loo soo jeediyay inay tahay mid qasab ah dhammaan tartamayaasha. Mazurok ayaa markaa si cajiib ah ula qabsaday dhibaatooyinka ereyada iyo ereyada labadaba, taas oo kasbatay naaneyska sharafta iyo kaftanka ah "Hindida Kanada" ee dadweynaha. Xeerbeegtida ayaa loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay kan ugu wanaagsan 37 tartame oo matalaya 17 wadan oo aduunka ah.

Yu.A. Mazurok - Fanaanka Dadka ee USSR (1976) iyo RSFSR (1972), Farshaxan Sharafeedka RSFSR (1968). Waxa lagu abaalmariyey laba Amarka Banner Cas ee Shaqada. 1996, waxaa la siiyay "Firebird" - abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Muusikada.