Zdeněk Chalabala |

Zdenek Chalabala

Asalkiis waxay ugu yeereen Halabala "saaxiibka muusiga Ruushka". Dhab ahaantii, meel kasta oo farshaxanku uu ka shaqeeyay sanado badan oo waxqabadkiisa ah sida kaari, muusigga Ruushku wuxuu had iyo jeer ku jiray xuddunta dareenkiisa oo ay weheliyaan muusikada Czech iyo Slovak.

Halabala waxa ay ahayd kirishbooyada opera-ga dhashay. Wuxuu yimid masraxa 1924-kii wuxuuna markii ugu horreysay soo istaagay masraxa magaalada yar ee Ugreshski Hradiste. Qalinjabiyay Brno Conservatory, arday L. Janáček iyo F. Neumann, wuxuu si dhakhso ah u muujiyay awoodiisa, isaga oo fulinaya labadaba masraxa iyo riwaayadaha Slovak Philharmonic oo la aasaasay ka qaybqaadashadiisa. Tan iyo 1925, wuxuu bilaabay inuu ka shaqeeyo Tiyaatarka dadweynaha ee Brno, kaas oo uu markii dambe noqday madaxa kirishbooyada.

Waqtigaan, ma aha oo kaliya qaabka hal-abuurka ah ee hagaha ayaa la go'aamiyay, laakiin sidoo kale jihada hawshiisa: wuxuu soo bandhigay riwaayadaha Dvořák iyo Fibich ee Brno, si xoog leh ayuu kor ugu qaaday shaqada L. Janáček, wuxuu u jeestay muusikada muusikada casriga ah. - Novak, Förster, E. Schulhoff, B. Martina, oo ku socota riwaayadaha Ruushka ("The Snow Maiden", "Prince Igor", "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina", "Aroosadda Tsar", "Kitezh"). Door weyn oo ku saabsan masiirkiisa waxaa ciyaaray kulan uu la yeeshay Chaliapin, kaas oo maamulaha uu ugu yeeray mid ka mid ah "macalimiintiisa dhabta ah": 1931-kii, heesaagii Ruushku wuxuu u socdaalay Brno, isagoo fulinaya qayb ka mid ah Boris.

Tobanka sano ee soo socda, wada shaqeynta V. Talich ee Tiyaatarka Qaranka ee Prague, Halabala waxaa hagayay mabaadi'da isku midka ah. Isaga oo la socda Czech iyo Ruush Classics, waxa uu dhigay riwaayadaha B. Vomachka, M. Krejci, I. Zelinka, F. Shkroupa.

Waagii ugu wacnaa ee dhaqdhaqaaqa Xalabala waxa uu yimid dagaaladii ka dib. Waxa uu ahaa maareeyaha ugu weyn ee tiyaatarada Czechoslovakia - ee Ostrava (1945-1947), Brno (1949-1952), Bratislava (1952-1953) iyo, ugu dambeyntii, laga bilaabo 1953 ilaa dhammaadka noloshiisa wuxuu madax ka ahaa Masraxa Qaranka. Prague. Wax soo saar cajiib ah oo ka mid ah kuwa caadiga ah ee gudaha iyo Ruushka, sida opera-yada casriga ah sida Svyatopluk ee Sukhonya iyo Prokofiev's Tale of a Real, waxay keentay Halabala aqoonsi si wanaagsan loo qalmo.

Daareeyaha ayaa marar badan ku soo bandhigay dibadda - Yugoslavia, Poland, Jarmalka Bari, Talyaaniga. In 1 waxa uu u safray USSR markii ugu horeysay ee Prague National Theatre, qabashada Smetana ee The Bartered Bride iyo Dvořák ee Rusalka. Oo laba sano ka dib waxa uu booqday Masraxa Bolshoi Moscow, halkaas oo uu ka qayb qaatay wax soo saarka ee "Boris Godunov", "The Taming of Shrew" by Shebalin, "Gabadhadeeda" by Janacek iyo in Leningrad - "The Mermaid" by Dvorak. . Bandhigyada lagu soo bandhigay jihada isaga ayaa loogu yeeray saxaafadda Moscow "dhacdo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan nolosha muusikada"; naqdiyeyaashu waxay ammaaneen shaqada "farshaxan dhab ah oo khiyaano leh" kaasoo "ku soo jiitay dhegaystayaashii fasiraad lagu qanci karo."

Tilmaamaha ugu wanaagsan ee kartida Halabala - qoto dheer iyo khiyaano, baaxad ballaadhan, cabbirka fikradaha - ayaa sidoo kale ka muuqda duubista uu ka tagay, oo ay ku jiraan operas "Whirlpool" ee Sukhonya, "Sharka" ee Fibich, "Devil iyo Kacha" ee Dvorak iyo kuwo kale, iyo sidoo kale lagu sameeyay USSR duubista opera V. Shebalin ee "Taming of the Shrew".

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek