Arthur Honegger |

Arthur Honegger

Honegger waa sayid weyn, mid ka mid ah curiyeyaasha casriga ah ee yar ee leh dareenka haybad. E. Jourdan-Morange

Laxanka caanka ah ee Faransiiska A. Honegger waa mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu horumarsan waqtigeenna. Noloshii oo dhan ee muusikiiste iyo mufakirkan oo dhan waxay adeeg u ahayd fanka uu jecel yahay. Waxa uu siiyay awoodiisa iyo xooggiisa ku dhawaad ​​40 sano. Bilowgii fannaanka halabuurku waxa uu soo bilaabmay sannadihii dagaalkii koowaad ee adduunka, shuqulladii ugu dambeeyay waxa la qoray 1952-53. Peru Honegger waxay leedahay in ka badan 150 halabuur, iyo sidoo kale maqaallo badan oo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan arrimaha gubanaya ee kala duwan ee fanka muusiga ee casriga ah.

Honegger oo u dhashay Le Havre, waxa uu inta badan dhallinyarnimadiisa ku qaatay Switzerland, waddankii waalidkiis. Waxa uu bartay muusiga ilaa carruurnimadii, laakiin si nidaamsan uma ahayn, Zurich ama Le Havre. Si dhab ah, wuxuu bilaabay inuu wax ka barto halabuurka da'da 18 ee Conservatory Paris oo uu la socdo A. Gedalzh (macallimka M. Ravel). Halkan, muusigga mustaqbalka wuxuu la kulmay D. Milhaud, kaas oo, sida laga soo xigtay Honegger, saameyn weyn ku yeeshay isaga, wuxuu gacan ka geystay sameynta dhadhankiisa iyo xiisaha muusikada casriga ah.

Jidka hal-abuurka ee hal-abuurku way adkayd. Horraantii 20-kii. Waxa uu galay kooxda hal-abuurka ah ee fannaaniinta, kuwaas oo naqdiye loo yaqaan "Lix Faransiis" (sida tirada xubnahooda). Joogitaanka Honegger ee bulshadan waxa ay si weyn u xoojisay muujinta iska hor imaadyada fikirka iyo faneed ee shaqadiisa. Wuxuu ku bixiyay abaal-marin caan ah oo ku saabsan dhisidda qaybtiisa orchestral Pacific 231 (1923). Wax qabadkeedii ugu horreeyay waxaa la socday guul la taaban karo, shaqaduna waxay heshay sumcad qaylo leh oo ka mid ah kuwa jecel dhammaan noocyada alaabooyinka cusub. "Anigu markii hore waxaan ugu yeeray gabalka Dhaqdhaqaaqa Symphonic," ayuu qoray Honegger. “Laakiin… markii aan dhammeeyey buundada, waxaan cinwaan uga dhigay Pacific 231. Kaasi waa astaanta tareennada uumiga leh ee ay tahay inay hoggaamiyaan tareenada culus” … Jacaylka Honegger ee reer-magaalnimada iyo dhisidda waxay sidoo kale ka muuqataa shaqooyinka kale ee waqtigan: sawirka symphonic “ Rugby" iyo "Dhaqdhaqaaqa Symphonic No. 3".

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo xiriirka hal-abuurka leh ee "Lixda", laxamiistaha ayaa had iyo jeer lagu kala soocay madax-bannaanida fekerka farshaxanka, taas oo ugu dambeyntii go'aamisay khadka ugu muhiimsan ee horumarinta shaqadiisa. Durba bartamihii 20-kii. Honegger wuxuu bilaabay inuu abuuro shaqadiisa ugu fiican, qoto dheer oo bini'aadantinimo iyo dimuqraadi ah. Halabuurka caanka ah wuxuu ahaa oratori "King David". Waxay furtay silsilad dheer oo ka mid ah codkiisii ​​​​mudnaa ee muusiga iyo orchestral frescoes "Wicitaannada Adduunka", "Judith", "Antigone", "Joan of Arc ee saamiga", "Dance of the Dead". Shaqooyinkan, Honegger si madax-bannaan iyo si gaar ah ayuu u diidaa isbeddellada kala duwan ee farshaxanka waqtigiisa, wuxuu ku dadaalayaa inuu muujiyo fikrado anshaxeed oo sarreeya kuwaas oo leh qiimo weligeed ah oo caalami ah. Sidaa darteed rafcaanka mawduucyada qadiimiga ah, kitaabiga ah iyo kuwa dhexe.

Shaqooyinka ugu wanagsan ee Honegger waxa ay dhaafeen heerarkii ugu waynaa aduunka, iyaga oo soo jiitay dhegaystayaashii dhalaal shucuureed iyo cusboonaanta luuqada muusiga. Laxamiistaha laftiisa ayaa si firfircoon u soo bandhigay hawlihiisa shaqo ee wadamo badan oo Yurub iyo Ameerika ah. In 1928 uu booqday Leningrad. Halkan, xidhiidh saaxiibtinimo iyo hal abuur leh ayaa la aasaasay oo u dhexeeya Honegger iyo fannaaniinta Soofiyeedka, iyo gaar ahaan D. Shostakovich.

Shaqadiisa, Honegger ma raadineynin oo kaliya jaantusyo iyo noocyo cusub, laakiin sidoo kale dhageyste cusub. "Muusiggu waa in uu beddelaa dadweynaha oo rafcaan u qaadaa dadweynaha," muusigga ayaa ku dooday. Laakiin tan, waxay u baahan tahay inay beddesho dabeecadeeda, noqoto mid fudud, aan dhib lahayn iyo noocyo waaweyn. Dadku kama daneeyaan farsamada curiyaha iyo raadinta. Tani waa nooca muusikada aan isku dayay inaan ku bixiyo "Jeanne at the stake". Waxaan isku dayay inaan noqdo mid la heli karo celceliska dhegeystaha oo aan xiiseeyo muusikastaha. "

Himilada dimuqraadiga ah ee curiyaha ayaa ka helay muujinta shaqadiisa muusiga iyo noocyada la dabaqay. Wax badan ayuu u qoraa shaleemada, raadiyaha, masraxa riwaayadaha. Isagoo noqday 1935-kii xubin ka tirsan Xiriirka Muusigga Dadweynaha Faransiiska, Honegger, oo ay weheliyaan fannaaniin kale oo horusocod ah, ayaa ku biiray safka Jabhadda caanka ah ee anti-Fashiistaha. Inta lagu guda jiro sannadahan, waxa uu qoray heeso wadareed, sameeyey laqabsiga ee heesaha dadweynaha, ka qaybqaatay habaynta music ee bandhigyo ee style of xafladaha ballaaran ee Kacaanka Faransiiska weyn. Sii wadida mudan ee shaqada Honegger waxay ahayd shaqadiisa sannadihii naxdinta lahaa ee qabsashadii faashistaha ee Faransiiska. Xubin ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa wax-ka-caabbinta, ka dibna wuxuu abuuray tiro shaqo oo ka kooban nuxur wadaninimo. Kuwani waa Symphony-ka Labaad, Heesaha Xoriyadda iyo muusigga ee bandhigga raadiyaha ee garaaca adduunka. Marka ay la socoto hal-abuurka codka iyo oratoriyada, 5-ta heesood ee uu sameeyay ayaa sidoo kale ka mid ah guulaha ugu sarreeya ee curiyaha. Kuwii ugu dambeeyay waxay ku qornaayeen muuqaal toos ah oo ku saabsan dhacdooyinka naxdinta leh ee dagaalka. Isagoo ka warramaya dhibaatooyinka gubanaya ee waqtigeena, waxay noqdeen qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah horumarinta nooca asluubta ee qarnigii XNUMXaad.

Honegger ayaa shaaca ka qaaday hal-abuurnimadiisa ma aha oo kaliya hal-abuurka muusikada, laakiin sidoo kale shaqooyinka suugaanta: wuxuu qoray 3 buug oo muusig iyo kuwa aan khayaali ahayn. Mawduucyo kala duwan oo kala duwan oo ku jira dhaxalka muhiimka ah ee curiyaha, dhibaatooyinka muusiga casriga ah iyo muhiimaddeeda bulsheed ayaa ku jira meel dhexe. Sanadihii ugu dambeeyay ee noloshiisa, laxanku wuxuu helay aqoonsi caalami ah, wuxuu ahaa dhakhtar sharafeed Jaamacadda Zurich, wuxuuna madax ka ahaa tiro ururo muusig oo caalami ah oo awood leh.

I. Vetlitsyna

Halabuurka:

riwaayado - Judith (riwaayadda kitaabiga ah, 1925, daabacaadda 2aad, 1936), Antigone (masiibo heeseed, lib. J. Cocteau ka dib Sophocles, 1927, tr "De la Monnaie", Brussels), Eaglet (L'aiglon, si wadajir ah ula G. Iber, oo ku salaysan riwaayadda E. Rostand, 1935, dhigay 1937, Monte Carlo), balastarro - Runtu waa been (Vèritè - mensonge, ballet puppet, 1920, Paris), Skating-Ring (Skating-Rink, Swedish roller ballet, 1921, post. 1922, Champs Elysees Theatre, Paris), Fantasy (Phantasie, ballet-sketch). , 1922), Biyaha hoostooda (Sous-marine, 1924, post. 1925, Opera Comic, Paris), Metal Rose (Rose de mètal, 1928, Paris), Cupid iyo Arooska maskaxda (Les noces d 'Amour et Psychè, on the mawduucyada "Suites French" ee Bach, 1930, Paris), Semiramide (ballet-melodrama, 1931, post. 1933, Grand Opera, Paris), Icarus (1935, Paris), Shimbiraha Cad ayaa duulay ( Un oiseau blanc s' est envolè, ​​ee dabbaaldegyada duulista, 1937, Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Paris), Heesaha Heesaha (Le cantique des cantiques, 1938, Grand Opera, Paris), Dhalashada Midabka (La naissance des couleurs, 1940, ibid.), Wicitaanka Buuraha (L'appel de la montagne, 1943, post. 1945, ibid.), Shota Rustaveli (oo ay weheliso A. Tcherepnin, T. Harshanyi, 1945, Monte Carlo), Nin Leopard ah Maqaarka (L'homme a la peau de lèopard, 1946); operetta - Adventures of King Pozol (Les aventures du roi Pausole, 1930, tr "Buff-Parisien", Paris), Quruxda Moudon (La belle de Moudon, 1931, tr "Jora", Mézières), Cardinal Baby (Les petites Cardinal , oo leh J. Hibert, 1937, Bouffe-Parisien, Paris); oratorios marxaladda - King David (Le roi David, oo ku salaysan riwaayadda R. Moraks, daabacaadda 1aad - Sabuurrada Symphonic, 1921, tr "Zhora", Mezieres; daabacaadda 2aad - oratorio riwaayad ah, 1923; daabacaadda 3aad - opera -oratorio, 1924, Paris ), Amphion (melodrama, 1929, boostada. 1931, Grand Opera, Paris), oratorio Cries of Peace (Cris du monde, 1931), oratorio riwaayadeed Joan of Arc oo meesha ku jirta (Jeanne d'Arc au bucher, qoraal P. Claudel, 1935, Isbaanish 1938, Basel), oratorio Dance of the Dead (La danse des morts, qoraalka Claudel, 1938), halyeeyga riwaayad Nicolas de Flue (1939, post. 1941, Neuchâtel), Christmas Cantata (Une cantate de Noel) , qoraallada suugaanta iyo dhaqanka, 1953); Orchestra - 5 heesood (koowaad, 1930; labaad, 1941; Liturgical, Liturgique, 1946; Basel raaxada, Deliciae Basilienses, 1946, symphony of three res, Di tre re, 1950), Horudhac riwaayada "Aglavena iyo Selisette" Maeluter shub ”Aglavaine et Sèlysette”, 1917), Heesta Nigamon (Le chant de Nigamon, 1917), Halyeyga Ciyaaraha Adduunka (Le dit des jeux du monde, 1918), Xagaaga Xagaaga (Pastorale d'ètè) , 1920), Guulaystaha Mimic Symphony Horace (Horace victorieux, 1921), Song of Joy (Chant de joie, 1923), Hordhac Shakespeare's The Tempest ), Rugby (Rugby, 1923), Dhaqdhaqaaqa Symphonic No 231 (Mouvement symphonique No231, 1923), Suite ka muusiga filimka "Les Misérables" ("Les misérables", 1928), Nocturne (3), Serenade Angélique (Sèrènade). shub Angèlique, 3), Suite archaique (Suite archaique, 1933), Monopartita (Monopartita, 1934); riwaayado leh orkester - concertino ee biyaano (1924), ee Volch. (1929), concerto qolka jiifka, Ingiriisi. gees iyo xadhig. orc (1948); qalabaynta qolka - 2 sonatas ee Skr. iyo fp. (1918, 1919), sonata ee viola iyo biyaano. (1920), sonata for vlc. iyo fp. (1920), sonatina ee 2 Skr. (1920), sonatina ee clarinet iyo biyaano. (1922), sonatina ee Skr. iyo VC. (1932), 3 xadhig. Quartet (1917, 1935, 1937), Rhapsody ee 2 biibiile, clarinet iyo biyaano. (1917), Heesta 10 xadhig (1920), 3 dhibcood oo piccolo, oboe, skr. iyo VC. (1922), Horudhac iyo Buluus loogu talagalay afartii kataaradda (1925); biyaano - Scherzo, Humoresque, Adagio expressivo (1910), Toccata and Variations (1916), 3 qaybood (Prelude, Dedication to Ravel, Hommage a Ravel, Dance, 1919), 7 qaybood (1920), Sarabande oo ka soo baxay albumka "Lix" 1920), Buug-yaraha Swiss (Cahier Romand, 1923), Dedication to Roussel (Hommage a A. Rousell, 1928), Suite (for 2 fp., 1928), Prelude, arioso iyo fughetta oo ku saabsan mawduuca BACH (1932), Partita ( ee 2 fp., 1940), 2 sawir-gacmeed (1943), Xusuustii Chopin (Souvenir de Chopm, 1947); ee solo violin - sonata (1940); xubnaha - fugue iyo chorale (1917), for flute - Qoob ka ciyaarka riyaha (Danse de la chevre, 1919); jacayl iyo heeso, oo ay ku jiraan G. Apollinaire soo socda, P. Verlaine, F. Jammes, J. Cocteau, P. Claudel, J. Laforgue, R. Ronsard, A. Fontaine, A. Chobanian, P. Faure iyo kuwa kale; muusiga loogu talagalay bandhigyada masraxa riwaayadaha - Halyeyga Ciyaaraha Adduunka (P. Meralya, 1918), Qoob ka ciyaarka dhimashada (C. Larronda, 1919), Newlyweds on Tower Eiffel (Cocteau, 1921), Saul (A. Zhida, 1922), Antigone ( Sophocles - Cocteau, 1922), Lilyuli (R. Rolland, 1923), Phaedra (G. D'Annunzio, 1926), Luulyo 14 (R. Rolland; oo ay weheliyaan laxamiistayaal kale, 1936), Silk Silk (Claudel, 1943), Karl the Bold (R Morax, 1944), Prometheus (Aeschylus - A. Bonnard, 1944), Hamlet (Shakespeare - Gide, 1946), Oedipus (Sophocles - A. Labada, 1947), Gobolka Siege (A. Camus, 1948) ), Jacaylku ma kaftamayaan (A. Musset, 1951), Oedipus King (Sophocles - T. Molniera, 1952); muusiga raadiyaha - 12 strokes saqda dhexe (Les 12 coups de minuit, C. Larronda, radiomystery for choir and orc., 1933), Radio panorama (1935), Christopher Columbus (V. Age, radio oratorio, 1940), garaacista aduunka Battements du monde, Da'da, 1944), Madaxa Dahabka ah (Tete d'or, Claudel, 1948), St. Francis of Assisi (Da'dii, 1949), kafaaraggudkii François Villon (J. Bruire, 1951); muusikada filimada (35), oo ay ku jiraan "Dambi iyo Ciqaab" (sida uu qabo FM Dostoevsky), "Les Misérables" (sida uu qabo V. Hugo), "Pygmalion" (sida uu qabo B. Shaw), "Afduub" (sida uu qabo Sh. F. Ramyu), "Captain Fracas" (sida uu qabo T. Gauthier), "Napoleon", "Duullimaadka badweynta Atlantic".

Shaqooyinka suugaanta: Incantation aux fosiles, Lausanne (1948); Je suis compositeur, (P., 1951) (Turjumaada Ruushka - Waxaan ahay curiye, L., 1963); Nachklang. Schriften, Sawirro. Documente, Z., (1957).

Tixraacyo: Shneerson GM, Muusigga Faransiiska ee qarnigii XX, M., 1964, 1970; Yarustovsky B., Symphony oo ku saabsan dagaalka iyo nabadda, M., 1966; Rappoport L., Arthur Honegger, L., 1967; iyada, Qaar ka mid ah Astaamaha A. Honegger's Harmony, ee Sat: Problems of Mode, M., 1972; Drumeva K., Oratori Dramatic by A. Honegger "Joan of Arc at the stake", ururinta: Laga soo bilaabo taariikhda muusiga shisheeye, M., 1971; Sysoeva E., Qaar ka mid ah su'aalaha A. Honegger's symphonism, ee ururinta: Laga soo bilaabo taariikhda muusiga shisheeye, M., 1971; iyada u gaar ah, A. Onegger's Symphonies, M., 1975; Pavchinsky S, Shaqooyinka Symphonic ee A. Onegger, M., 1972; George A., A. Honegger, P., 1926; Gerard C, A. Honegger, (Brux., 1945); Bruyr J., Honegger iyo ina oeuvre, P., (1947); Delannoy M., Honegger, P., (1953); Tappolet W., A. Honegger, Z., (1954), id. (Neucntel, 1957); Jourdan-Morhange H., Mes amis musiciens, P., 1955 Guilbert J., A. Honegger, P., (1966); Dumesnil R., Histoire de la musique, t. 1959- La première moitiè du XX-e sícle, P., 5 (Turjumaadda Ruushka ee jajabyada - Dumesnil R., Laxanka Faransiiska casriga ah ee kooxda Lixda ah, ed. iyo maqaal hordhac ah M. Druskina, L., 1960); Peschotte J., A. Honegger. L'homme et son oeuvre, P., 1964.