Egon Wellesz |

Egon Welles

Aqoonyahanka muusiga ee Austrian iyo laxamiistaha. Dhakhtarka Falsafadda (1908). Waxa uu wax ku bartay Vienna G. Adler (musicology) iyo K. Fryuling (piano, harmony) ee jaamacadda, iyo sidoo kale A. Schoenberg (bartilmaameedka, halabuurka).

1911-15 wuxuu baray taariikhda muusiga ee New Conservatory, laga bilaabo 1913 - Jaamacadda Vienna (Professor tan iyo 1929).

Ka dib qabsashadii Austria ee Nazi Germany, laga bilaabo 1938 wuxuu ku noolaa England. Waxa uu ka soo shaqeeyay barbaarin iyo shaqo cilmiyeedka Royal College of Music ee London, Cambridge, Oxford (waxa uu hogaaminayay cilmi baarista muusiga Byzantine), Jaamacadaha Edinburgh, iyo sidoo kale Jaamacadda Princeton (USA).

Welles waa mid ka mid ah cilmi-baarayaasha ugu weyn ee muusikada Byzantine; aasaasaha Machadka Muusikada Byzantine ee Maktabadda Qaranka ee Vienna (1932), wuxuu ka qaybqaatay shaqada Machadka Cilmi-baarista Byzantine ee Dumbarton Oaks (USA).

Mid ka mid ah aasaasayaasha daabacaadda mucjisada ah "Monumenta musicae Byzantinae" ("Monumenta musicae Byzantinae"), tiro badan oo uu si madaxbanaan u diyaariyey. Isla mar ahaantaana la G. Tilyard, wuxuu qeexay qoraalka Byzantine ee waxa loogu yeero. "Xilliga dhexe" oo shaaca ka qaaday mabaadi'da halabuurka ee heesaha Byzantine, taas oo qeexaysa marxalad cusub oo Byzantology music.

Wax ku biiriyay qoraa ahaan iyo tafatire ahaan The New Oxford History of Music; wuxuu qoray qoraal keli ah oo ku saabsan A. Schoenberg, oo daabacay maqaallo iyo qoraallo ku saabsan dugsiga Viennese cusub.

Halabuur ahaan, waxa uu ku horumaray saamaynta G. Mahler iyo Schoenberg. Qoray riwaayado iyo ballets, oo inta badan ku saabsan shirqoollada masiibooyinka Giriiggii hore, kuwaas oo la dhigay 1920-kii. ee tiyaatarada magaalooyinka kala duwan ee Jarmalka; iyaga ka mid ah waa "Princess Girnar" (1921), "Alcestis" (1924), "Albabarigii maxaabiista" ("Opferung der Gefangenen", 1926), "Kaftan, Dhagar iyo aargoosi" ("Scherz, List und Rache" , waxaa qoray JW Goethe, 1928) iyo kuwo kale; balastarro - "Mucjisada Diana" ("Das Wunder der Diana", 1924), "Persian Ballet" (1924), "Achilles on Skyros" (1927), iwm.

Welles - qoraa 5 heeso (1945-58) iyo maansooyin isku mid ah - "Pre-Spring" ("Vorfrühling", 1912), "Marso Solemn" (1929), "Spells of Prospero" ("Prosperos Beschwörungen", oo ku salaysan "The Tempest" by Shakespeare, 1938), cantata oo leh orchestra, oo ay ku jiraan "Nolosha Dhexe" ("Mitte des Lebens", 1932); heeso iyo orkester - wareegga ereyada Rilke "Ducada Gabdhaha ee Hooyada Ilaah" ("Gebet der Mudchen zur Maria", 1909), concerto ee biyaano orkestra (1935), 8 xadhig afargeesood iyo qalabyada kale ee qolka, kuraasta, dad badan, mootooyin, heeso.

Halabuurka: Bilawgii Baroque-ga Muusiga iyo Bilawga Opera ee Vienna, W., 1922; Muusigga Kaniisadda Byzantine, Breslau, 1927; Canaasiirta bariga ee heesta Galbeedka, Boston, 1947, Cph., 1967; Taariikhda muusiga Byzantine iyo heeso heeso, Oxf., 1949, 1961; Muusiga Kaniisadda Byzantine, Cologne, 1959; Qalabka Cusub, Vols. 1-2, В., 1928-29; Qoraallada Opera, L., 1950; Asalka Schönberg ee nidaamka laba-iyo-toban-tone, Wash., 1958; Heesaha Kaniisadda Bari, Basel, 1962.

Tixraacyo: Schollum R., Egon Wellesz, W., 1964.

Yu.V. Keldish