Evgeny Semenovich Mikeladze (Mikeladze, Evgeny) |

Mikeladze, Evgeny

Soofiyeeti, Shaqaale Farshaxan oo Sharaf leh ee Georgian SSR (1936). Yevgeny Mikeladze wuxuu sii waday hawlihiisa hal-abuurka madaxbannaan dhowr sano oo keliya. Laakin hibodiisu aad bay u badnayd, tamartiisuna aad bay u macaanayd, xataa isaga oo aan gaadhin meesha ugu sarraysa, waxa uu ku guulaystay in uu raad aan la tirtiri karin kaga tago dhaqankeenna muusiga. Ka hor inta uusan qaadin masraxa, Mikeladze wuxuu soo maray dugsi wanaagsan - markii ugu horeysay ee Tbilisi, halkaas oo uu ku ciyaaray dabaysha iyo heesaha fanka, ka dibna Leningrad Conservatory, halkaas oo macalimiintiisu ay ahaayeen N. Malko iyo A. Gauk. Istuudiye opera Conservatory, muusikiiste waxa uu sameeyay kulankiisii ​​ugu horeeyay isagoo ah kaari ah Aroosadda Tsar. Si dhakhso ah ardayga Mikeladze wuxuu lahaa sharafta qabashada fiidkii munaasabadda tobankii sano ee awoodda Soviet ee Georgia, oo lagu qabtay Moscow, Hall of Columns. Farshaxanku laftiisu waxa uu dhacdadan ugu yeedhay “guushii ugu horaysay”…

Xilligii dayrta ee 1930, Mikeladze wuxuu markii ugu horreysay istaagay masraxa Tbilisi Opera House, isagoo haysta (wadnaha!) Ku celcelin furan oo Carmen ah. Sannadka soo socda, waxaa loo magacaabay maareeyaha kooxda, iyo laba sano ka dib, dhimashadii I. Paliashvili ka dib, wuxuu noqday bedelkiisa agaasimaha farshaxanka ee masraxa. Shaqa kasta oo cusub oo kaari ah ayaa isu rogtay dhacdo muhiim ah, taasoo kor u qaadaysa heerka masraxa. "Don Pasquale", "Othello", "Aida", "Samson iyo Lalila", "Boris Godunov", "Faust", "Prince Igor", "Eugene Onegin", "Tosca", "Troubadour", "Aroosadda Tsar ” , “Shota Rustaveli” … Kuwani waa heerarkii wax-qabadka fannaanka lix sano gudahood. Aynu ku darno in 1936, isaga oo hogaaminaya, ballet ugu horeysay ee Georgian "Mzechabuki" ee M. Balanchivadze ayaa la sameeyay, iyo tobankii sano ee farshaxanka Georgian ee Moscow (1837), Mikeladze wuxuu sameeyay wax soo saar qurux badan oo ka mid ah luul ee classic opera qaranka - "Abesaloma iyo Eteri" iyo "Daisi".

Shaqada opera-ka waxay keentay fanaanka caan ka mid ah dhagaystayaasha oo keliya, laakiin sidoo kale asxaabta dhexdooda. Waxa uu qof walba ku soo jiitay xamaasad, isaga oo ku guulaystay karti, aqoon iyo soo jiidasho shakhsi, ujeedo leh. "Mikeladze," ayuu qorayaa taariikh nololeedkiisa iyo saaxiibkiis G. Taktakishvili, "wax walbaa waxay ku hoos jireen fikradda muusikada ee shaqada, riwaayadaha muusikada, sawirka muusikada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, markii uu ka shaqeynayay opera, waligiis iskuma xirin muusikada oo kaliya, laakiin wuxuu galay dhinaca masraxa, dabeecadda jilayaasha.

Astaamaha ugu wanaagsan ee hibada fannaanka ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigay bandhig faneedkiisa. Mikeladze uma uu dulqaadan clichés halkan sidoo kale, isaga oo qof kasta oo ku xeeran ku dhuftey ruuxa raadinta, ruuxa hal-abuurka. Xusuusta ifafaale, taas oo u ogolaatay inuu xafido dhibcaha ugu adag ee saacado gudahood, fududaanta iyo caddaynta dhaqdhaqaaqyada, awoodda uu u leeyahay inuu fahmo qaabka halabuurka oo uu muujiyo tiro badan oo kala duwan oo firfircoon iyo midabyo kala duwan - kuwan ahaayeen sifooyinka kirishbooyada. "Dhaqdhaqaaqa caatada ah ee xorta ah, ee aadka u cad, muujinta caato ah oo dhan, jilicsanaanta iyo jilicsanaanta ayaa kicisay dareenka dhagaystayaasha waxayna ka caawisay inay fahmaan waxa uu rabo inuu gudbiyo," ayuu qoray G. Taktakishvili. Dhammaan sifooyinkaas ayaa lagu muujiyey sheeko ballaadhan, kaas oo kaarihiisu uu ku sameeyay magaaladiisa hooyo iyo Moscow, Leningrad iyo xarumaha kale ee dalka. Ka mid ah laxamiistaha uu jecel yahay Wagner, Brahms, Tchaikovsky, Beethoven, Borodin, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Stravinsky. Farshaxanku wuxuu si joogto ah u dhiirrigeliyay shaqada qorayaasha Georgian - 3. Paliashvili, D. Arakishvili, G. Kiladze, Sh. Taktakishvili, I. Tuskia iyo kuwa kale.

Saamaynta Mikeladze ee dhammaan aagagga nolosha muusiga Joorjiya waxay ahayd mid aad u weyn. Ma uu kicin oo kaliya guriga opera, laakiin sidoo kale waxa uu abuuray asal ahaan Orchestra cusub oo heeso ah, taas oo xirfadeeda ay si dhakhso ah u qiimeeyeen hoggaamiyeyaasha ugu caansan adduunka. Mikeladze waxa uu baray fasalka maaraynta ee Tbilisi Conservatory, waxa uu agaasimay koox kooxeedka ardayda, oo uu bandhigyo ka sameeyay Choreographic Studio. "Farxadda hal-abuurka iyo farxadda tababarka ciidamada cusub ee farshaxanka" - tani waa sida uu u qeexay hal-ku-dhiggiisa noloshiisa. Oo ilaa ugu dambaysta isagaa aamminsanaa.

Lit.: GM Taktakishvili. Evgeny Mikeladze. Tbilisi, 1963.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek