Philadelphia Orchestra |

Philadelphia Orchestra

Mid ka mid ah hobolada faneed ee hormuudka ka ah Mareykanka. Waxaa la sameeyay 1900-kii by kaari F. Schel oo ku saleysan semi-xirfad-yaqaannada iyo xirmooyinka hiwaayadda ee ka jiray Philadelphia ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 18-aad. Riwaayadii ugu horeysay ee Orchestra Philadelphia waxay dhacday November 16, 1900 iyada oo ay hogaaminaysay Schel iyada oo uu ka qaybqaatay pianist O. Gabrilovich, kaas oo sameeyay Tchaikovsky's First Piano Concerto ee Orchestra.

Markii hore, Orchestra Philadelphia waxay lahayd ilaa 80 fannaaniin ah, kooxdu waxay bixisay riwaayado 6 sannadkii; dhowrkii xilli ee soo socda, kooxda orkestra ayaa kor u kacday ilaa 100 fannaaniin ah, tirada riwaayadaha ayaa kordhay ilaa 44 sannadkii.

Rubucii 1aad ee qarnigii 20aad, Orchestra Philadelphia waxaa qabtay F. Weingartner, SV Rachmaninov, R. Strauss, E. d'Albert, I. Hoffmann, M. Sembrich, SV Rachmaninov, K. Sen -Sans, E Isai, F. Kreisler, J. Thibaut iyo kuwa kale. Ka dib dhimashadii Shel (1907), Kooxda Philadelphia Orchestra waxaa madax u ahaa K. Polig.

Kobaca degdega ah ee xirfada wax qabad ee orchestra waxa lala xidhiidhiyaa magaca L. Stokowski, kaas oo hogaaminayay 1912. Stokowski waxa uu ku guulaystay balaadhinta riwaayada waxana uu si firfircoon kor ugu qaaday muusiga casriga ah. Isaga oo hoos imanaya, shaqooyin badan ayaa lagu sameeyay Mareykanka markii ugu horeysay, oo ay ku jiraan Scriabin's Symphony 3rd (1915). 8th - Mahler (1918), Alpine - R. Strauss (1916), 5th, 6th iyo 7th symphonies Sibelius (1926), 1st - Shostakovich (1928), tiro ka mid ah shuqullada IF Stravinsky, SV Rachmaninov.

Kooxda Orchestra ee Philadelphia waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah kooxaha ugu horreeya ee Maraykanka. Laga soo bilaabo 1931 Y. Ormandy wuxuu si xilliyo ah ula shaqeeyay Orchestra Philadelphia, 1936 wuxuu noqday kaarigeeda joogtada ah, iyo xilli ciyaareedkii 1938/39 wuxuu beddelay Stokowski oo ah madaxa kaari.

Ka dib dagaalkii 2aad ee aduunka 1939-45 kooxda Orchestra Philadelphia waxay heshay sumcadda mid ka mid ah orchestras ugu fiican adduunka. Sannadkii 1950-kii, kooxdu waxay soo booqatay Great Britain, 1955 waxay samaysay safar weyn oo Yurub ah, 1958 waxay bixisay 12 riwaayadood oo USSR ah (Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv), oo ay ku xigto safarro badan oo dalal badan oo adduunka ah.

Aqoonsiga caalamiga ah ee Orchestra Philadelphia wuxuu keenay dhammaystirka ciyaarta muusikiiste kasta, isku xidhnaanta, baaxadda firfircoon ee ugu ballaadhan. Dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha ugu waaweyn iyo soloists ee adduunka, oo ay ku jiraan fannaaniinta hormuudka ah ee Soofiyeedka, ayaa la kaashaday orchestra: EG Gilels iyo DF Oistrakh ayaa kulankoodii ugu horreeyay kula yeeshay Mareykanka, LB Kogan, Yu. Kh. Temirkanov ayaa inta badan soo bandhigay.

Orchestra Philadelphia waxay bixisaa ilaa 130 riwaayado sannadkii; inta lagu jiro xilliga jiilaalka waxaa lagu qabtaa hoolka Akademiyada Muusikada (3000 kursi), xagaaga - gudaha amphitheater dibadda "Robin Hood Dell".

MM Yakovlev

Maamulayaasha muusiga:

• Fritz Scheel (1900-1907)
• Karl Polig (1908-1912)
• Leopold Stokowski (1912-1938)
• Eugene Ormandy (1936-1980, labadii sano ee ugu horeysay ee Stokowski)
• Riccardo Muti (1980-1992)
• Wolfgang Sawallisch (1993-2003)
• Christoph Eschenbach (2003-2008)
• Charles Dutoit (2008-2010)
• Yannick Neze-Seguin (ilaa 2010)

Sawirka: Philadelphia Orchestra oo uu hoggaaminayo Yannick Nézet-Séguin (Ryan Donnell)