Fanaanada Xargaha |
Kooxda orkester-ka xarriiqdu waxay ka kooban tahay qalab foorarsan oo keliya. Waxaa ku jira 5 qaybood: 1aad iyo 2aad violins, violas, cellos, basses double. Waagii hore, looma kala saari jirin halabuurayaal ka duwan fannaanka. orkestra, sababtoo ah muusikada 17 - dabaqa 1aad. Qarnigii 18-aad kan dambe waxa uu inta badan ku koobnaa xadhigga iyo harpsichord ciyaarista basso continuo (G. Purcell, opera Dido iyo Aeneas); Muusigga caadiga ah - sidoo kale iyada oo aan lahayn basso continuo (WA Mozart, "Little Night Serenade"). S. o fahamka casriga ah ee lagu horumariyey dabaqa 2aad. Qarnigii 19-aad, ie, muddada qaan-gaadhka, calaamadaha. orkestra, markii kooxdeeda xadhig loo aqoonsaday inay yihiin qalab wax qabad oo madaxbannaan. S. o labada isu-soo-dhowaansho iyo isku-soo-dhowaansho ee odhaahda ku dhex jirta qolka qolka, iyo xiisadda, qaninimada dhawaaqa heesaha ayaa diyaar ah. orchestra. S. o waxaa loo adeegsaday tirooyinka muusiga riwaayadaha ("Dhimashada Oze" laga bilaabo muusiga E. Grieg ilaa riwaayadda. gabayga G. Ibsen "Peer Gynt"), ee dep. qaybo ka mid ah orc. Suite. Ka dib, tiro ka mid ah halabuurayaasha ayaa abuuray madax-bannaan. halabuuro meerto ah, oo badiyaa qaabaynta muuska. noocyada hore; ka dibna halabuurka magaca ayaa bilaabay in lagu dhejiyo cinwaanka (A. Dvorak, Serenade for strings. Orchestra E-dur op. 22, 1875; PI Tchaikovsky, Serenade for strings. orchestra, 1880; E. Grieg, "Laga soo bilaabo wakhtiga Holberg. Suite qaabkii hore ee xargaha, orkestra” op. 40, 1885). Qarnigii 20aad noocyada noocyada kala duwan ee la heli karo si loo qaabeeyo iyadoo la kaashanayo S. o. wuu balaadhay, doorka hodanka ah ee hodanka ah ayaa kordhay fasiraadda. dhawaaq. Wixii S. ku saabsan. waxay qoraan symphoniettas (N. Ya. Myaskovsky, Sinfonietta op. 32, 1929), symphonies (B. Britten, Simple Symphony, 1934; Yu. "Xusuusta B. Bartok, 1965). Kala soocida korodhay ee ka kooban orchestra ee waaxda. Qaybtu waxay ku dhammaatay "Baroorta Dhibanayaasha Hiroshima" ee 1958 xadhig. Qalabka K. Penderecki (52). Si kor loogu qaado saamaynta cajiibka ah ama midabka leh, buunka waxaa inta badan lagu daraa xargaha (A. Honegger, 1960nd symphony, 2, trumpet ad libitum), timpani (MS Weinberg, symphony No 1941, 2; EM Mirzoyan, symphony, 1960), koox garaac (J. Bizet - RK Shchedrin, Carmen Suite; AI Pirumov, symphony, 1964).
Tixraacyo: Rimsky-Korsakov HA, Aasaaska Orchestration, ed. M. Steinberg, qaybta 1-2, Berlin – M. – St. Petersburg, 1913, Buuxa. col. soch., vol. III, M., 1959; Fortunatov Yu. A., Horudhac, daabacaad muusig oo daabacan: Myaskovsky N., Symphonietta ee orchestra xargaha. Dhibcaha, M., 1964.
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