Waa maxay operas uu qoray Tchaikovsky?

Haddii aad waydiiso dad aan kala sooc lahayn oo ku saabsan waxa operas Tchaikovsky qoray, qaar badan ayaa kuu sheegi doona "Eugene Onegin", laga yaabee xitaa wax ka heesa. Qaarkood waxay xasuusan doonaan "Boqoradda Spades" ("Saddex kaar, saddex kaar!!"), Waxaa laga yaabaa in opera "Cherevichki" ay sidoo kale maskaxda ku hayaan (qoraagu laftiisa ayaa sameeyay, taasina waa sababta ay u xasuusato).

Guud ahaan, laxamiistaha Tchaikovsky ayaa qoray toban riwaayadood. Qaar ka mid ah, dabcan, si weyn looma yaqaan, laakiin kala badh wanaagsan oo tobankan ka mid ah ayaa si joogto ah ugu farxay oo u riyaaqa dhagaystayaasha adduunka oo dhan.

Waa kuwan dhammaan 10-kii operas ee Tchaikovsky:

1. "Voevoda" - opera ku salaysan riwaayad by AN Ostrovsky (1868)

2. "Ondine" - oo ku salaysan buugga F. Motta-Fouquet ee ku saabsan undine (1869)

3. "Oprichnik" - oo ku salaysan sheekada II Lazhechnikova (1872)

4. "Eugene Onegin" - oo ku salaysan sheeko isku mid ah magaca aayadda AS Pushkin (1878)

5. "The Maid of Orleans" - sida laga soo xigtay ilo kala duwan, sheekada Joan of Arc (1879)

6. "Mazeppa" - oo ku salaysan gabayga AS Pushkin "Poltava" (1883)

7. "Cherevichki" - opera ku salaysan sheekada NV Gogol ee "Habeenkii ka hor Christmas-ka" (1885)

8. "Enchantress" - oo ku salaysan masiibada isla magaca IV Shpazhinsky (1887)

9. "Boqoradda Spades" - oo ku salaysan sheekada AS Pushkin ee "Queen of Spades" (1890)

10. "Iolanta" - oo ku salaysan riwaayada H. Hertz "King Rene gabadhiisa" (1891)

Opera my first "Voevoda" Tchaikovsky qudhiisa ayaa qirtay inay ahayd guuldarro: waxay u muuqatay isaga oo aan la isku darin oo Talyaani-macaan. Hawthornadii Ruushka waxaa ka buuxsamay roulades Talyaani ah. Wax soo saarka dib looma bilaabin.

Labada operas soo socda waa "Qoso" и "Oprichnik". "Ondine" waxaa diiday Golaha Tiyaatarada Imperial, waligiisna lama dhigin, inkastoo ay ku jiraan dhowr heesood oo aad loogu guulaystay kuwaas oo calaamad u ah ka bixista canons shisheeye.

"Oprichnik" waa kii ugu horreeyay ee Tchaikovsky ee riwaayadaha asalka ah; waxaa ka dhex muuqda qabanqaabada laxanka Ruushka. Waxay ahayd guul, waxaana soo qaban qaabiyay kooxo kala duwan oo opera ah, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa ajnabi ah.

Mid ka mid ah riwaayadiisa, Tchaikovsky wuxuu qaatay sheekada "Habeenkii ka hor Christmas-ka" ee NV Gogol. opera-kan waxaa markii hore cinwaan looga dhigay "The Blacksmith Vakula", laakiin markii dambe magacii baa la beddelay oo noqday "Kabaha".

Sheekadu waa tan: halkan Shinkar-Sixir Solokha, Oksana quruxda badan, iyo Vakula, oo jecel jacaylka, ayaa u muuqda. Vakula wuxuu maareeyaa inuu kooreeyo shaydaanka oo uu ku qasbo inuu u duulo boqoradda, si uu u helo dacas uu jecel yahay. Oksana waxay u barooranaysaa birtumaha maqan - ka dibna wuxuu ka soo muuqday fagaaraha wuxuuna ku tuuray hadiyad cagaheeda. "Ma jirto baahi, looma baahna, waan samayn karaa la'aantood!" – waxay ugu jawaabtay gabadha jacaylka.

Muusigga shaqada ayaa dib loo shaqeeyay dhowr jeer, iyadoo nooc kasta oo cusubi uu noqday mid asal ah, lambarada marinnada ayaa laga saaray. Tani waa opera kaliya ee halabuuraha laftiisa uu qaaday si uu u sameeyo.

Waa maxay operas-yada ugu caansan?

Hase yeeshee, marka aan ka hadalno waxa operas Tchaikovsky qoray, waxa ugu horreeya ee maskaxda ku haya waa "Eugene Onegin", "Boqoradda Spades" и "Iolanta". Waxaad ku dari kartaa isla liiska "Kabaha" с "Mazepoi".

"Eugene Onegin" - opera-ka liberto-ga aan u baahnayn dib u sheegid faahfaahsan. Guusha opera waxay ahayd cajiib! Ilaa maantadan la joogo waxay ku sii jirtaa heesaha gabi ahaanba (!) guryaha opera.

"Boqoradda Spades" Waxa kale oo ku qoran shaqada isla magaca AS Pushkin. Saaxiibadu waxay u sheegaan Herman, oo jecel Lisa (Pushkin, Hermann), sheekada saddexda kaarar ee guusha, kuwaas oo loo yaqaan mas'uulkeeda, Countess.

Lisa waxay doonaysaa inay la kulanto Herman oo ay ballan uga dhigato guriga hore ee countess. Isagu, isagoo si qarsoodi ah u soo galay guriga, wuxuu isku dayaa inuu ogaado sirta kaararka sixirka, laakiin tiradii hore waxay u dhimatay cabsi (ka dib, waxaa loo muujin doonaa isaga by ruuxa in ay tahay "saddex, toddoba, ace").

Lisa, markii ay ogaatay in jacaylkeedu yahay gacan-ku-dhiigle, waxay nafteeda ku tuurtaa biyaha quusta. Herman, oo ku guuleystay laba kulan, wuxuu arkay boqoradda spades iyo ruuxa tirinta halkii uu ka heli lahaa seddexaad. Wuu waalan yahay oo is-difaacay, isaga oo xasuusanaya sawirka dhalaalaya ee Lisa daqiiqadihii ugu dambeeyay ee noloshiisa.

Tomsky's Balada oo ka socda opera "Queen of Spades"

Hal-abuurkii ugu dambeeyay ee opera wuxuu noqday hees dhab ah oo nolosha ah - "Iolanta". Princess Iolanta kama warqabto indho la'aanteeda loomana sheego. Laakiin dhakhtarka Moorish wuxuu sheegay in haddii ay dhab ahaantii rabto inay aragto, bogsashada waa suurtagal.

Vaudemont, oo si lama filaan ah u soo galay qalcaddii, wuxuu caddeeyay jacaylka uu u qabo quruxda oo wuxuu weydiistaa ubax casaan ah oo xusuus ah. Iolanta waxa ay ka soo qaadaa tan cad – waxa u cadaatay in ay indho la’dahay… Vaudémont waxa uu hees dhab ah u qaadaa iftiinka, qorraxda, iyo nolosha. Boqor xanaaqsan, gabadha aabbeheed, ayaa kasoo muuqday...

Iyaga oo ka baqaya nolosha geesigii ay jeclaatay, Iolanta waxa ay muujisay rabitaan xamaasad leh oo ah in ay aragto iftiinka. Mucjiso ayaa dhacday: amiiradii way aragtay! Boqor René waxa uu barakeeyey guurka gabadhiisa ee Vaudemont, qof walbana wuu ammaanayaa qorraxda iyo iftiinka.

Hal-ku-dhegga dhakhtarka Ibn-Khakiya oo ka socda "Iolanta"