Boston Symphony Orchestra |

Orchestra Symphony Boston

Mid ka mid ah orchestra-yadii ugu da'da weynaa ee heesaha heesaha ee Maraykanka. Waxaa aasaasay 1881-kii oo uu aasaasay ilaaliyaha G. Lee Higginson. Orchestra waxa ka mid ahaa fannaaniin aqoon u leh Awstariya iyo Jarmalka (asal ahaan 60 fannaaniin, ka dib ca. 100). Riwaayadii ugu horaysay ee Orchestra Symphony Boston oo uu hogaaminayay agaasime G. Henschel waxa ay ka dhacday 1881 hoolka muusiga ee Boston. Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19-aad Orchestra Symphony Boston waxaa hogaaminayay koormeerayaasha soo socda: V. Guericke (1884-89; 1898-1906), A. Nikish (1889-93), E. Paur (1893-98). Laga soo bilaabo 1900, orkestra waxay si joogto ah uga dhex muuqanaysay Hall Symphony. Muhiimada weyn ee horumarinta xirfadaha bandhiga ee Orchestra Symphony Boston waxay ahayd waxqabadkii K. Mook, oo kooxda hogaaminayey 1906-18 (oo nasasho leh; 1908-12 maareeyaha muusikada M. Fidler). Ka dib dhimashadii Higginson, oo maalgeliyay hawlaha orchestra, Guddiga Trustees ayaa la sameeyay. Intii lagu jiray xilli ciyaareedkii 1918-19, Kooxda Orchestra Symphony Boston waxay ku qabteen gacanta hoosteeda. A. Rabo, waxa lagu bedelay P. Monteux (1919-24), kaas oo ku soo buuxiyey heesaha orkesterka inta badan shaqooyinka muusiga casriga ah ee Faransiiska.

Maalinta quruxda badan ee Orchestra Symphony Boston waxay la xiriirtaa SA Koussevitsky, oo madax u ahaa 25 sano (1924-49). Waxa uu ansixiyay sifooyinka dabeecadda ee qaabka orkestra, soo bandhigay shuqullo badan oo music Ruush galay repertoire. (Boston Symphony Orchestra waa mid ka mid ah turjubaanadii ugu horeeyay ee shaqada PI Tchaikovsky ee USA). Hindisaha Koussevitzky, Orchestra Symphony Boston ayaa markii ugu horeysay sameeyay tiro shaqo oo ay sameeyeen halabuurayaasha casriga ah - SS Prokofiev, A. Honegger, P. Hindemith, IF Stravinsky, B. Bartok, DD Shostakovich, iyo sidoo kale qorayaasha Mareykanka - A. Copland, W. Piston, W. Shumen iyo kuwa kale. Koussevitzky waxa uu abaabulay Bandhiga Berkshire ee lix todobaad ah ee Tanglewood (Massachusetts), halkaas oo Boston Symphony Orchestra ay soo bandhigeen. 1949-62dii orchestra waxaa hagayey S. Munsch, waxaa bedelay E. Leinsdorf (ilaa 1962). Ilaa 1969kii, Kooxda Orchestra Symphony Boston waxaa hogaaminayay W. Steinberg. Kaariyaasha ugu weyn ee wadamo kala duwan - E. Ansermet, B. Walter, G. Wood, A. Casella iyo kuwa kale, iyo sidoo kale laxamiistayaasha - AK Glazunov, V. d'Andy, R. Strauss, D. Milhaud, O. Respighi , M. Ravel, SS Prokofiev iyo kuwo kale.

Xilliga Orchestra Symphony Boston waxa uu socdaa Oktoobar ilaa badhtamaha Ogosto sannad kasta waxaana ku jira in ka badan 70 riwaayadood. Si joogto ah (ilaa 1900) riwaayadaha xagaaga ee dadweynaha ayaa la qabtaa, waxa loogu yeero. Boston Pops, oo leh qiyaastii. 50 fannaaniin ah oo kooxda orchestra ah (ilaa 1930 A. Fidler ayaa agaasimay barnaamijyadan caanka ah). Kooxda Orchestra Symphony Boston waxay sidoo kale riwaayado taxane ah ku qabtaan magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Maraykanka, waxayna socdaalo ku tageen dibadda tan iyo 1952 (ee USSR ee 1956).

MM Yakovlev

Maamulayaasha muusiga ee kooxda:

1881-1884 – George Henschel 1884-1889 – Wilhelm Guericke 1889-1893 – Arthur Nikisch 1893-1898 – Emil Paur 1898-1906 – Wilhelm Guericke 1906-1908 – 1908-1912 – Karl Muck 1912-1918 1918 — Henri Rabaud 1919-1919 – Pierre Monteux 1924-1924 – Sergei Koussevitzky 1949-1949 – Charles Munch 196-1962 – Erich Leinsdorf 1969-1969 – William Steinberg 1972-1973 — Levis Nelson 2002-2004