Chicago Symphony Orchestra |

Chicago Symphony Orchestra

Orchestra Symphony Chicago waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay mid ka mid ah hobolada faneedka waqtigeenna. Bandhigyada Ururada Bulshada Rayidka ah ayaa ah kuwo aad loogu baahan yahay oo kaliya ma aha waddankiisa hooyo, laakiin sidoo kale caasimadaha muusikada ee adduunka. Bishii Sebtembar 2010, kaariyihii caanka ahaa ee Talyaani Riccardo Muti wuxuu noqday agaasimihii muusiga ee tobnaad ee CSO. Aragtidiisa ku aaddan doorka orchestra: qoto-dheeraynta is dhexgalka dhageystayaasha Chicago, taageeridda fannaaniinta jiilka cusub, iyo la-shaqeynta fannaaniinta hormuudka ah waxay dhammaantood calaamad u yihiin waa cusub oo kooxda. Halabuurkii Faransiiska iyo daawadeenkii Pierre Boulez, oo xiriirkii soo jireenka ahaa ee uu la lahaa CSO uu gacan ka geystay magacaabistiisa Maamulaha Martida ee 1995, waxaa loo magacaabay Maamulaha Sharafta ee Hay'adda Helen Rubinstein 2006.

Iyadoo lala kaashanayo daawadeennada caanka ah ee adduunka iyo fanaaniinta martida ah, CSO waxay qabataa in ka badan 150 riwaayadood sannadkii Xarunta Chicago, Xarunta Symphony, iyo xagaaga kasta Bandhigga Ravinia ee Waqooyiga Xeebta Chicago. Iyada oo loo marayo manhajkeeda gaarka ah, "Machadka Waxbarashada, Helitaanka, iyo Tababarka," CSO waxay soo jiidataa in ka badan 200.000 deganeyaasha maxalliga ah ee aagga Chicago sannad kasta. Saddex hindise warbaahineed oo guul leh ayaa la bilaabay 2007: CSO-Resound (calaamad orchestra ah oo loogu talagalay sii daynta CD-ga iyo soo-dejinta dhijitaalka ah), baahinta qaranka oo leh baahinyo toddobaadle ah oo cusub oo wax-soo-saarkooda ah, iyo ballaarinta joogitaanka CSO ee internetka - soo dejin bilaash ah ee orchestra muuqaalo iyo bandhigyo cusub.

Bishii Janaayo 2010, Yo-Yo Ma waxay noqotay lataliye hal-abuureedkii ugu horreeyay ee Judson & Joyce Green Foundation, oo uu magacaabay Riccardo Muti muddo saddex sano ah. Doorkan, wuxuu lammaane qiimo leh u yahay Maestro Muti, maamulka CSO iyo fannaaniinta, iyo iyada oo loo marayo farshaxannimadiisa aan la soo koobi karin iyo awoodda gaarka ah ee uu kula xiriiro dadka kale, Yo-Yo Ma, oo ay weheliso Muti, waxay noqotay dhiirigelin run ah dhagaystayaasha Chicago , isagoo ka hadlaya awoodda beddelka ee muusigga. Yo-Yo Ma waxay ku lug yeelan doontaa horumarinta iyo hirgelinta hindisayaal cusub, mashruucyo iyo taxane muusig oo hoos yimaada Machadka Waxbarashada, Helitaanka, iyo Tababarka.

Labada halabuur ee cusub waxay bilaabeen wada shaqayn laba sano ah oo ay la yeelanayaan kooxda orkestarada dayrtii 2010. Mason Bates iyo Anna Kline waxaa magacaabay Riccardo Muti si ay u habeeyaan Taxanaha Muusiga ee MusicNOW. Iyaga oo la kaashanaya fannaaniinta goobo kale iyo machadyo, Bates iyo Kline waxay ku dadaalaan inay ka gudbaan caqabadaha soo jireenka ah ee bulshada Chicago iyagoo fikrado cusub u keenaya iskaashiga iyo abuurista khibrado muusig oo gaar ah. Marka lagu daro taxanaha MusicNOW, kaas oo halabuur kastaa u qoray gabal cusub (hordhac gu'gii 2011), CSO waxay qabatay shaqooyin ay sameeyeen Kline iyo Bates xafladaha is-diiwaangelinta ee xilli ciyaareedkii 2010/11.

Laga soo bilaabo 1916kii, duubista codka waxay noqotay qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah hawlaha orkesterka. Siideynta sumadda CSO-Resound waxaa ka mid ah Verdi's Requiem oo uu hagayo Riccardo Muti oo uu ku jiro kooxda Chicago Symphony Choir, Rich Strauss's A Hero's Life iyo Webern's Dabaysha Xagaaga, Symphony toddobaad ee Bruckner, Shostakovich's Afaraad Symphony, Koowaad, Labaad, Mahnithphony - dhammaantood waxay hoos yimaadaan jihada Bernard Haitink, Poulenc's Gloria (oo leh soprano Jessica Rivera), Ravel's Daphnis iyo Chloe oo leh Chicago Symphony Choir ee hoos yimaada B. Haitink, Stravinsky's Pulcinella, Four Etudes iyo Symphony ee saddexda dhaqdhaqaaq ee Pierre Boulez, "Dhaqanka iyo Isbeddelka" : Dhawaaqyada Waddada Xariirta ee Chicago, oo ay ku jiraan Kooxda Waddada Xariirta, Yo-Yo Ma iyo Wu Man; iyo, si loo soo dejiyo kaliya, duubista Shostakovich's Symphony shanaad ee uu sameeyay Moon Wun Chung.

CSO waa qaataha 62 Abaalmarinnada Grammy ee Akademiyada Qaranka ee Fanka iyo Sayniska Duubista. Duubista Shostakovich's Symphony afraad ee Haitink, oo ay ku jirto bandhig DVD ah "Beyond the Score", wuxuu ku guuleystay Grammy 2008 ee "Waxqabadka Orchestral ugu Fiican". Isla sanadkaas, Dhaqanka iyo Isbeddellada: Dhawaaqyada Waddada Xariirta waxay ku guuleysteen Grammy isku-dhafka Albumka ugu Fiican. Dhawaanahan, 2011, duubista Requiem Verdi ee Riccardo Muti ayaa la siiyay laba Grammys: "Albamka ugu Fiican" iyo "Waxqabadka Choral ee ugu Wanaagsan".

CSO waxa ay soo saareysay baahinteeda toddobaadlaha ah tan iyo Abriil 2007, taas oo laga sii daayo shabakadda raadiyaha WFMT ee waddanka oo dhan, iyo sidoo kale online-ka mareegaha kooxda orchestra – www.cso.org. Baahintan ayaa bixisa hab cusub oo gaar ah barnaamijka raadiyaha muusiga qadiimiga ah - nuxurka nool ee soo jiidashada leh ee loogu talagalay in lagu bixiyo aragti qoto dheer iyo bixinta xidhiidhyo dheeraad ah oo la xidhiidha muusiga lagu ciyaaro xilliga riwaayadaha.

Taariikhda Chicago Symphony waxay bilaabatay 1891 markii Theodore Thomas, hogaamiyaha hogaaminaya America oo qiray “horjooge” muusiga, uu ku casuumay ganacsadaha Chicago Charles Norman Fey si uu u sameeyo koox heeso ah halkan. Hadafka Thomas - si uu u abuuro koox kooxeed joogto ah oo leh karti waxqabad oo heer sare ah - ayaa mar hore la gaaray riwaayadihii ugu horreeyay bishii Oktoobar ee sanadkaas. Thomas waxa uu ahaa maareeyaha muusiga ilaa uu ka dhintay 1905. Waxa uu dhintay saddex toddobaad ka dib markii uu ku deeqay hoolka, guriga joogtada ah ee Orchestra Chicago, bulshada.

Beddela Thomas, Frederick Stock, oo shaqadiisa ku bilaabay viola 1895, waxa uu noqday caawiye kaari afar sano ka dib. Joogitaankiisii ​​hogaanka orchestra wuxuu socday 37 sano, laga bilaabo 1905 ilaa 1942 - muddada ugu dheer ee dhammaan tobanka hoggaamiye ee kooxda. Sannadihii firfircoonida iyo hormuudka ahaa ee Stock ee 1919kii ayaa suurtageliyay aasaaskii Orchestra Madaniga ah ee Chicago, orkesterkii ugu horreeyay ee tababbarka ee Mareykanka oo xiriir la leh riwaayad weyn. Stock waxa kale oo ay si firfircoon ula shaqeysay dadka da'da yar, iyada oo qabanqaabinaysa riwaayadaha is-diiwaangelinta ugu horreeya ee carruurta oo bilaabay taxane riwaayado caan ah.

Saddex hogaamiye oo caan ah ayaa hogaaminayay orkesterka tobanka sano ee soo socda: Désiré Defoe laga soo bilaabo 1943 ilaa 1947, Artur Rodzinsky wuxuu qabtay xafiiska 1947/48, Rafael Kubelik wuxuu hogaamiyay orchestra seddex xilli laga bilaabo 1950 ilaa 1953.

Tobanka sano ee soo socda waxaa iska lahaa Fritz Reiner, kaas oo duubistiisa ay la socdaan Orchestra Symphony Chicago weli loo tixgeliyo heerka. Waxay ahayd Reiner kii, 1957, ku martiqaaday Margaret Hillis si ay u abaabusho Choir Symphony Chicago. Muddo shan xilli ah - laga bilaabo 1963 ilaa 1968 - Jean Martinon wuxuu hayay jagada agaasimaha muusikada.

Sir Georg Solti waa maareeyaha muusiga sideedaad ee orchestra (1969-1991). Waxa uu qabtay magaca Agaasimaha Muusiga Sharafta waxana uu la soo shaqeeyay kooxda orkesterka dhowr toddobaad xilli kasta ilaa uu geeriyooday Sebtembar 1997. Imaanshaha Solti ee Chicago waxay calaamad u ahayd bilawga mid ka mid ah iskaashiga faneed ee ugu guulaha badan waqtigeenna. Socdaalkii ugu horeeyay ee dibada ee Ururada Bulshada Rayidka ah waxa uu dhacay 1971-kii oo uu hogaaminayay, iyo socdaalo ka dambeeyay oo uu ku tagay Yurub, iyo waliba safaro uu ku tagay Japan iyo Australia, waxa ay xoojiyeen sumcada kooxda Orchestra oo ah mid ka mid ah kooxaha muusiga ugu fiican adduunka.

Daniel Barenboim waxaa loo magacaabay agaasimaha muusiga ee Sebtembar 1991, jagadaas oo uu hayay ilaa Juun 2006. Jihada muusiga waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay furitaanka Xarunta New Music ee Chicago ee 1997, wax soo saarka opera ee hoolka orkesterka, bandhigyo fara badan oo virtuosic ah oo ay la socdaan orchestra door labanlaab ah ee pianist iyo kaari, 21 safar oo caalami ah ayaa ka dhacay hoggaankiisa (oo ay ku jiraan safarkii ugu horreeyay ee Koonfurta Ameerika) waxaana soo muuqday riwaayado taxane ah oo isdiiwaangelineed.

Pierre Boulez, oo hadda ah agaasime sharafeed, waa mid ka mid ah seddexda fannaan ee kaliya ee haysta magaca Maamulaha Martida ee Orchestra. Carlo Maria Giulini, oo si joogto ah uga bilaabay Chicago dabayaaqadii 1950-meeyadii, ayaa loo magacaabay maamulaha martida ee 1969, halkaas oo uu ku sugnaa ilaa 1972. Claudio Abbado waxa uu shaqaynayey 1982 ilaa 1985. Laga soo bilaabo 2006 ilaa 2010, waxa uu ahaa kooriyaha caanka ah ee Dutch Bernhard Haitink madaxa kormeeraha, bilaabista mashruuca CSO-Resound iyo ka qayb qaadashada dhowr safar oo caalami ah oo guul leh.

Orchestra Symphony Chicago waxay muddo dheer xiriir la lahayd Ravinia oo ku taal Highland Park, Illinois, iyadoo markii ugu horreysay halkaas ku soo bandhigtay Noofambar 1905. Kooxda Orchestra waxay gacan ka geysatay furitaanka xilli-ciyaareedkii ugu horreeyay ee Bandhigga Ravinia Ogosto 1936 waxayna si joogto ah halkaas u qaban jirtay xagaaga kasta tan iyo markaas.

Maamulayaasha muusiga iyo daareeyaha sare:

Theodore Thomas (1891-1905) Frederic Stock (1905-1942) Desiree Dafoe (1943-1947) Artur Rodzynski (1947-1948) Rafael Kubelik (1950-1953) Fritz Reiner (1953-1963) Jean Martinon (1963) Hoffman (1968-1968) Georg Solti (1969-1969) Daniel Barenboim (1991-1991) Bernard Haitink (2006-2006) Riccardo Muti (ilaa 2010)