Enharmonism |

laga bilaabo Giriigga enarmonios - enharmonic, shid. - shibbane, shibbane, wada nool

Sinaanta dhererka dhawaaqyada waxay ku kala duwan yihiin higaada (tusaale, des = cis), dhexda (tusaale ahaan,

chords (as-c-es-ges=as-c-es-fis=gis-his-dis-fis iwm), furayaasha (Fis-dur=Ges-dur). Fikradda "E." waxay u qaadanaysaa hab 12-tallaabo (si siman) habka dabeecadda (eeg Heerarka). Waxay soo saartay iyada oo la xiriirta dib-u-cusbooneysiinta muddada u dhaxaysa genera-kii hore - chromatic iyo enharmonic (eeg Chromatism, Enharmonic) - iyo midaynta dhawaaqyada dhammaan saddexda genera (oo ay la socdaan diatonic) gudaha hal miisaan; sidaas darteed, inta u dhaxaysa dhawaaqyada diatonic. cod dhan, dhawaaqyada tillaabooyinka hoose iyo kuwa sareba ayaa la dhigayaa, tusaale ahaan. (c)-des-cis-(d) oo leh farqi u dhexeeya dhererkooda (waxaa qoray P. de Beldemandis, horraantii qarnigii 15aad; eeg: Coussemaker E., Scriptorum…, t. 3, p. 257-58; y H Vicentino, 1555). Lagu xafido erey bixinta aragtiyeed. treatises, enharmonics qadiimiga ah (meesha microintervals kala duwan yihiin in height) ee qarnigii 18-aad, sida dabeecadda faafay, gaar ahaan dabeecadda uniform, galay E. Yurub cusub (halkaas microintervals, tusaale ahaan, eis iyo des, mar hore isku beegay height). Fikradda "E." waxay ku kala duwan yihiin laba-geesoodka: E. sida muujinta aqoonsiga shaqeynta (dabacsan ama male-awaal E.; tusaale ahaan, Bach ee mugga 1aad ee Clavier si fiican u xanaaqsan, oo u dhiganta furayaasha es-moll iyo dis-moll ee 8th horudhac iyo fugue; gudaha Beethoven ee Adagio 8th fi. Sonata E-dur=Fes-dur) iyo sida muujinta sinnaan la'aanta shaqeynta ("detemperation", AS Ogolevets; sida waafaqsan qaanuunka innation "ka sarreeya guri"), qarsoon, laakiin lagu ilaaliyo daboolka dabeecadda (firfircoon ama dhab E., tusaale ahaan, habaynta anharmonic iyada oo loo marayo hf-as-d=hf-gis-d marka la soo bandhigayo aargoosi gudaha Gorislava's cavatina ee Glinka's Ruslan iyo Lyudmila).

Fanka isticmaalka E. ee Yurub. Muusiga ayaa iska leh bilowga. Qarnigii 16aad (A. Willart, duet "Quid non ebrietas"); E. waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay chromatic. madrigal qarnigii 16-17aad, gaar ahaan dugsigii Venetian. Tan iyo wakhtigii JS Bach, waxay noqotay hab muhiim ah oo isbeddel degdeg ah, iyo goobada 30 furayaasha waaweyn iyo kuwa yar yar ee ku salaysan waxay noqotay lagama maarmaan u ah classical-romantic. qaababka qaabaynta muusiga. In tonal chromatic nidaamka qarniga 20-aad E. xiriirkiisa sidoo kale waxaa loo wareejiyaa isku xirka gudaha gudaha, tusaale ahaan. bilawga qaybtii 3aad ee fp-gii 6-aad. Prokofiev's sonata, chord nVI> ee darajada (dhinac fidsan) waxaa si laxan u sawiray dhawaaqyada enharmonic ee la mid ah darajada shanaad (dhinaca fiiqan; duubista qayb ka mid ah - fududaynta enharmonic):

SS Prokofiev. Sonata 6aad ee biyaano, qaybta III.

U fiirsashada E. waxay gaartaa heerka ugu sarreeya ee muusiga 12-tone ah, kaas oo beddelka kicinta uu noqdo mid joogto ah (tusaale muusig oo joogto ah E., eeg maqaalka Dodecaphony).

Tixraacyo: Renchitsky PN, Barista ku saabsan anharmonism, M., 1930; Ogolevets AS, Hordhac fikirka muusiga casriga ah, M.-L., 1946; Tyulin Yu. (H.), Koorso aragti gaaban oo iswaafaqsan, L., 1960, dib loo eegay. kuna dar., M., 1978; Pereverzev N. (K.), Dhibaatooyinka muusiga muusiga, M., 1966; Sposobin IV, Muxaadarooyin ku saabsan koorsada wada noolaanshaha, M., 1969; Beldemandis P. de., Libellus monocordi (1413), gudaha Coussemaker E. de, Scriptorum de musica medii aevi. Novam seriem…, t. 3, Parisiis, 1869, facsimile. dib u daabacid Hildesheim, 1963; Vicentino N., L'antica musica ridotta alla moderna prattica…, Roma, 1555, facsimile. dib u daabacid Kassel, 1959; Scheibe JA, Compendium musices… (c. 1730-36), ee Benary P., Die deutsche Kompositionslehre des 18. Jahrhunderts, Lpz., 1961; Levitan JS, A. Willaert's labadooda caanka ah, "Tijdschrift der Vereeniging vor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis", 1938, bd 15; Lowinsky EE, Tonality iyo atonality ee muusiga qarnigii lix iyo tobnaad, Berk.-Los Ang., 1961.

Yu. N. Kholopov