Pointilism |
Faransiis pointillisme, ka pointiller - ku qor dhibco, dhibic - dhibic
Xarafka "dhibcaha", mid ka mid ah kuwa casriga ah. hababka ka kooban. Gaar ahaan P. waa muusigga. Fikradda looma muujin qaab mawduucyo ah ama ujeeddooyin (tusaale laxan) ama heeso kasta oo la dheereeyey, laakiin iyada oo la kaashanayo qeylada (sida haddii go'doonsan) dhawaaqyada ku hareeraysan hakas, iyo sidoo kale gaaban, 2-3, marar badan 4 dhawaaqyada ujeedooyinka (badanaa leh boodboodo ballaaran, oo soo bandhigaya dhibco keli ah oo ku jira diiwaanno kala duwan); waxaa lagu dari karaa dhawaaqyo-timbre oo kala duwan-dhibcaha garaaca oo ku milmaya iyaga (labadaba garoomo qeexan iyo kuwo aan xadidnayn) iyo saameyno kale oo sonorous iyo qaylo ah. Haddii isku darka dhowr ah ay caadi u tahay polyphony. Xariiqyo melodic ah, oo loogu talagalay khaniisnimada - taageerada monody ee beddelaadda chords-blocks, ka dibna P. - kala firdhiso midab-midab leh oo dhibco dhalaalaya ah (halkaas magaca):
POLYPHONY HARMONY POINTILLISM
A. Webern waxaa loo arkaa awoowaha P.. Tusaalaha P.:
A. Webern. "Stars" op. 25 no 3.
Halkan, qaabka kakan ee halabuuraha hal-abuurkiisa – cirka, xiddigaha, habeenka, ubaxa, jacaylka – waxa ka muuqda dhawaaqyo fiiqan oo dhalaalaya. dharka la socda, taas oo u adeegta sida iftiinka iyo asalka casriga ah ee laxanka.
Waayo, Webern P. waxa uu ahaa mid si gaar ah u habaysan. Daqiiqado, mid ka mid ah macnaha ugu dambeeya ee fikirka (" sheeko hal tilmaam ah," ayuu A. Schoenberg ka qoray Webern's Bagatelles, op. 9), oo ay weheliso rabitaanka daahfurnaanta ugu badan ee dharka iyo nadiifnimada qaabka. Fannaaniinta Avant-garde ee 1950-meeyadii iyo 60-meeyadii waxay sameeyeen P. hab soo-bandhig ah oo si ballaaran loo adeegsaday marka la eego mabaadi'da serialism (K. Stockhausen, "Contra-Points", 1953; P. Boulez, "Structures", 1952- 56; L. Nono, "Variants", 1957).
Tixraacyo: Kohoutek Ts., Farsamada curinta ee muusiga qarnigii 1976-aad, trans. ka Czech M., 1967; Schäffer V., Maly Informator muzyki XX wieku, (Kr.), XNUMX.
Yu. N. Kholopov
