Isaak Osipovich Dunaevsky (Isaak Dunaevsky) |

Isaac Dunaevsky

… Waxaan shaqadayda u hibeeyey dhalinyarada weligii. Waxa aan odhan karaa iyada oo aan la buunbuunin, marka aan qoro hees cusub ama qayb kale oo muusig ah, waxa aan maskax ahaan mar walba la hadlaa dhallinyaradeenna. I. Dunayevsky

Tayada weyn ee Dunayevsky ayaa lagu muujiyay heerka ugu sarreeya ee noocyada "iftiin". Waxa uu ahaa abuuraha hees cusub oo Soofiyeedka, muusiga jazz-ka asalka ah, majaajilada muusiga, operetta. Halabuuruhu waxa uu raadiyay in uu ka buuxiyo noocyadan ugu dhow dhalinyarada quruxda dhabta ah, nimcada daahsoon, iyo dhadhan farshaxan oo sarreeya.

Dhaxalka hal-abuurka Dunaevsky waa mid aad u weyn. Waxa uu leeyahay 14 operettas, 3 ballet, 2 cantatas, 80 hooras, 80 heeso iyo jacayl, muusig 88 riwaayado ah iyo 42 filim, 43 halabuur oo kala duwan iyo 12 fanaaniinta jazz, 17 melodeclamations, 52 symphonic iyo 47 biyaano.

Dunayevsky wuxuu ku dhashay qoyska shaqaale. Muusigga ayaa la socday ilaa yaraantiisii. Habeenno muusig oo la hagaajiyay ayaa badanaa lagu qabtaa guriga Dunaevsky, halkaas oo, neefta la dhuftey, Isaxaaq yar ayaa sidoo kale joogay. Maalmaha axadda waxa uu si caadi ah u dhegaysan jiray kooxda fanka ee beerta magaalada, markii uu guriga ku soo noqdayna waxa uu dhegta ku qabsan jiray piano-ga laxannada socod-baradka iyo walxa-garab ee uu xasuusan jiray. Fasaxa dhabta ah ee wiilka ayaa ahaa booqashooyinka tiyaatarka, halkaas oo riwaayadaha Yukreeniyaan iyo Ruush iyo opera ay ku soo bandhigeen dalxiis.

Da'da 8, Dunaevsky wuxuu bilaabay inuu barto sida loo ciyaaro violin. Guulihiisu waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad u cajiib ah in mar horeba 1910 uu noqday arday ka tirsan Kuliyadda Muusikada ee Kharkov ee fasalka violin ee Professor K. Gorsky, ka dibna I. Ahron, violinist dhalaalaya, macalin iyo laxan. Dunayevsky waxa kale oo uu Ahron wax ku bartay Kharkov Conservatory, kaas oo uu ka qalin jabiyay 1919. Intii lagu guda jiray sannadihiisii ​​ilaalinta, Dunayevsky wax badan ayuu curiyay. Macallinkiisa curinta wuxuu ahaa S. Bogatyrev.

Tan iyo caruurnimadii, isagoo si xamaasad leh u jeclaa masraxa, Dunayevsky, iyada oo aan shaki lahayn, ayaa u yimid ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay konservatory. "Tiyaatarka Riwaayadaha Sinelnikov ayaa si sax ah loo tixgeliyey kibirka Kharkov," agaasimaheeda faneedku wuxuu ahaa "mid ka mid ah tirooyinka ugu caansan masraxa Ruushka."

Markii hore, Dunaevsky wuxuu u shaqeeyay sidii violinist-raacii orkesterka, ka dibna sida kaari iyo, ugu dambeyntii, madaxa qaybta muusikada ee masraxa. Isla mar ahaantaana, wuxuu u qoray muusig dhammaan bandhigyada cusub.

Sannadkii 1924-kii, Dunaevsky wuxuu u dhaqaaqay Moscow, halkaas oo dhowr sano uu ka shaqeeyay agaasimaha muusikada ee masraxa Hermitage ee kala duwan. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, wuxuu qorayaa operettaskiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay: "Labadayada annaga iyo kaagaba", "Grooms", "Midiyaha", "Mihnadda Ra'iisul Wasaaraha". Laakiin kuwanu waxay ahaayeen oo keliya tillaabooyinka ugu horreeya. Farshaxanada dhabta ah ee curiyaha ayaa mar dambe soo muuqday.

Sannadku markuu ahaa 1929 wuxuu noqday mid muhiim u ah nolosha Dunayevsky. Waxaa billowday xilli cusub oo bislaaday waxqabadkiisa hal-abuurnimo, taasoo u keentay caannimo uu mudnaa. Dunayevsky waxaa lagu martiqaaday agaasimaha muusikada ee Leningrad Music Hall. "Iyada oo uu soo jiidan karo, caqli-gal iyo fududaan, oo leh xirfadiisa sare, wuxuu ku guuleystay jacaylka daacadda ah ee kooxda hal-abuurka oo dhan," ayuu dib u xusuustay farshaxanka N. Cherkasov.

Hoolka muusiga ee Leningrad, L. Utyosov wuxuu si joogto ah u sameeyay jazz. Sidaa darteed waxaa jiray kulan laba fanaan oo cajiib ah, kaas oo isu beddelay saaxiibtinimo wakhti dheer ah. Dunaevsky isla markiiba wuxuu noqday mid xiiseeya jazz wuxuuna bilaabay inuu qoro muusikada Utyosov. Waxa uu ku abuuray rhapsodies heesaha caanka ah ee laxamiistaha Soofiyeedka, Ruushka, Yukreeniyaan, mawduucyada Yuhuudda, fantasy jazz ee mawduucyada heesihiisa, iwm.

Dunayevsky iyo Utyosov inta badan wada shaqeeyay. "Waan jeclaa shirarkan," Utyosov ayaa qoray. - "Waxaan si gaar ah ugu riyaaqay Dunaevsky awoodda uu u leeyahay inuu naftiisa u huro muusikada, oo aan ogaanin hareeraha."

Horraantii 30-kii. Dunayevsky wuxuu u jeestay muusikada filimka. Waxa uu noqonayaa abuuraha nooc cusub - majaajilada filimada muusikada. Xilli cusub oo dhalaalaya oo ku saabsan horumarinta heesaha mass ee Soofiyeedka, kaas oo nolosha ka soo galay shaashadda filimka, ayaa sidoo kale la xidhiidha magaciisa.

Sanadkii 1934-kii, filimka "Merry Fellows" ayaa ka soo muuqday shaashadaha dalka oo leh muusikada Dunaevsky. Filimka waxaa si xamaasad leh u soo dhaweeyay dadweyne aad u tiro badan. "March of the Merry Guys" (Art. V. Lebedev-Kumach) ayaa si dhab ah u wareegay dalka oo dhan, oo ku wareegay adduunka oo dhan oo noqday mid ka mid ah heesaha caalamiga ah ee dhalinyarada ee waqtigeena. Iyo "Kakhovka" caanka ah ee filimka "Saddex saaxiibo" (1935, art. M. Svetlova)! Waxa si xamaasad leh ugu luuqayn jiray dhallinyaradu sannadihii nabadda lagu dhisayay. Waxa kale oo ay caan ku ahayd dagaalkii weynaa ee Waddaniga. Heesta Dhulka Hooyo ee filimka Circus (1936, farshaxanka V. Lebedev-Kumach) ayaa sidoo kale ku guuleystay caan ka ah adduunka oo dhan. Dunayevsky ayaa sidoo kale qoray heeso badan oo cajiib ah oo loogu talagalay filimada kale: "Carruurta Captain Grant", "Raadiyeyaasha Farxadda", "Goalkeeper", "Rich Bride", "Volga-Volga", "Path Light", "Kuban Cossacks".

Soo jiidashada shaqada shineemo, curinta heeso caan ah, Dunaevsky uma jeedin operetta dhowr sano. Waxa uu ku soo noqday noociisii ​​uu jeclaa dabayaaqadii 30aadkii. mar horeba sayid bislaaday.

Intii lagu jiray dagaalkii weynaa ee Patriotic, Dunayevsky wuxuu hoggaamiyay heesaha iyo qoob ka ciyaarka Golaha Dhexe ee Dhaqanka ee Shaqaalaha Tareenka. Meel kasta oo ay kooxdani samaysay - gobolka Volga, Bartamaha Aasiya, Bariga Fog, Ural iyo Siberiya, oo ku beeray xoog shaqaalaha hore ee guriga, kalsoonida guushii Ciidanka Soofiyeedka ee cadowga. Isla mar ahaantaana, Dunayevsky wuxuu qoray geesinimo, heeso qallafsan oo caan ka helay xagga hore.

Ugu dambeyntiina, waxaa soo baxay guuxihii ugu dambeeyay ee dagaalka. Dalku dhaawaciisa wuu dawaynayay. Galbeedkana, ayaa mar kale udgoonkii baaruuda.

Sannadahaas, halganka nabadeed wuxuu noqday hadafka ugu weyn ee dhammaan dadka niyadda wanaagsan. Dunayevsky, sida fannaaniin kale oo badan, ayaa si firfircoon uga qayb qaatay halganka nabadda. Ogosto 29, 1947, operetta "Dabaysha Xorta ah" ayaa lagu qabtay guul weyn Masraxa Operetta ee Moscow. Mawduuca halganka nabadda ayaa sidoo kale ku jira filimka dokumentiga ah ee muusikada Dunaevsky "Waxaan nahay nabad" (1951). Hees la yaab leh oo ka mid ah filimkan, "Fly, Doves," ayaa caan ka heshay adduunka oo dhan. Waxay noqotay astaanta VI World Youth Festival ee Moscow.

Dunaevsky shaqadiisa ugu dambeysay, operetta White Acacia (1955), waa tusaale aad u fiican oo ka mid ah operetta lyrical Soviet. Si xamaasad leh ayuu abwaanku u qoray "heestiisa swan", taas oo uusan waligiis ku qasbanayn in uu "la heeso"! Geeridu waxay ku ridday isaga oo ku dhex jira shaqadiisa. Laxanka K. Molchanov ayaa dhamaystiray operetta sida ku cad sawir-gacmeed uu ka tagay Dunayevsky.

Bandhigga "White Acacia" wuxuu dhacay November 15, 1955 ee Moscow. Waxaa dhigay masraxa Odessa ee majaajilada muusiga. "Waana wax laga xumaado in la fekero," ayuu qoray agaasimaha guud ee tiyaatarka I. Grinshpun, "in Isaak Osipovich uusan arkin White Acacia ee masraxa, ma noqon karto marag u ah farxadda uu siiyay labada jilayaasha iyo daawadayaasha. … Laakin waxa uu ahaa Farxad aadamnimo!

M. Komissarskaya

Halabuurka:

balastarro - Faun intiisa kale (1924), ballet carruurta Murzilka (1924), Magaalada (1924), Ballet Suite (1929); operetta - Labadeena iyo kaagaba (1924, post. 1927, Masraxa Moscow ee Musical Buffoonery), aroosyada (1926, post. 1927, Masraxa Operetta Moscow), Koofiyada Straw (1927, Masraxa Muusikada oo lagu magacaabo VI Nemirovich-Danchenko, Moscow; daabacaadda 2aad 1938, Masraxa Operetta ee Moscow), Mindiyaha (1928, Masraxa Satire Moscow), Xirfadda Premiere (1929, Masraxa Tashkent Operetta), Kobaca Polar (1929, Masraxa Operetta Moscow), Million Torments (1932, ibid.), Dooxada dahabka (1938, ibid.; daabacaadda 2aad 1955, ibid.), Waddooyinka Farxadda (1941, Tiyaatarka Leningrad ee Majaajilada), Dabaysha Xorta ah (1947, Masraxa Operetta Moscow), Wiilka Clown (magaca asalka ah. - The Flying Clown, 1960, ibid ), White Acacia (qalabka G. Cherny, geli lambarka ballet "Palmushka" iyo heesta Larisa ee ficilka 3aad waxaa qoray KB Molchanov oo ku saabsan mawduucyada Dunaevsky; 1955, ibid.); cantas - Waanu iman doonaa (1945), Leningrad, waanu kula jirnaa (1945); muusikada filimada - Platoon First (1933), Laba jeer-dhashay (1934), Merry guys (1934), Golden lights (1934), Saddex saaxiibo (1935), Jidka markabka (1935), gabadhii Motherland (1936), Brother (1936), Circus (1936), Gabar degdeg ah oo Taariikh ah (1936), Carruurta Captain Grant (1936), Raad-doonayaasha Farxadda (1936), Dabaysha Cad (oo leh BM Bogdanov-Berezovsky, 1936), Beethoven Concerto (1937), Bride Rich (1937), Volga-Volga (1938), Bright Way (1940), My love (1940), New house (1946), Spring (1947), Kuban Cossacks (1949), Stadium (1949) , Bandhig faneedka Mashenka (1949), Waxaan u nahay adduunka (1951), Difaaca Garabka (1953), Bedelka (1954), Jolly Stars (1954), Tijaabada Daacadnimada (1954); heeso, oo ay ku jiraan. Jidka Fog (lyrics by EA Dolmatovsky, 1938), Heroes of Khasan (lyrics by VI Lebedev-Kumach, 1939), On cadowga, ee Motherland, hore (lyrics by Lebedev-Kumach, 1941), My Moscow (lyrics iyo Lisyansky). iyo S. Agranyan, 1942), March Military ee Shaqaalaha Tareenka (lyrics SA Vasiliev, 1944), waxaan ka imid Berlin (lyrics by LI Oshanin, 1945), Song ku saabsan Moscow (lyrics by B. Vinnikov, 1946) , Ways -roads (lyrics by S. Ya. Alymov, 1947), Waxaan ahay hooyo da'da Rouen (lyrics by G. Rublev, 1949), Song of the youth (lyrics by ML Matusovsky, 1951), School Waltz (lyrics. Matusovsky). , 1952), Waltz Evening (lyrics by Matusovsky, 1953), Moscow Lights (lyrics by Matusovsky, 1954) iyo kuwo kale; muusikada riwaayadaha, bandhigyada raadiyaha; music pop, oo ay ku jiraan. dib u eegista jazz masraxa dukaanka muusiga (1932), iwm.