Kaydka phonogram |

Kaydka phonogram - machad ku takhasusay ururinta iyo kaydinta cod-gacmeedka asalka ah. diiwaanka, saldhigga cilmi-baarista. waxa uu ka shaqeeyaa arimaha hiddaha iyo dhaqanka, afafka, is barbar dhig. musicology iyo cilmi kale. culuumta la xidhiidha dejinta, daraasadda iyo daabacaadda cod-bixinta. diiwaanada. F. abuuritaankiisa waxaa kor u qaaday wareegga ballaaran ee faraska. Diiwaanada cod-gacmeedka qarnigii 19aad ee ujeedooyinka sayniska, baahida loo qabo xaruntooda. Markii hore, F. waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu kaydiyo phonographs wax duuban iyadoo la isticmaalayo phonograph. rollers. Markii la sameeyay noocyo cusub oo duubis dhawaaq ah, phonographs ayaa bilaabay in lagu buuxiyo noocyo kale oo duubista dhawaaqa ah (cajalad magnetic iyo saxannada gramophone).

Inta badan macnaheedu. kulliyadaha ajnabiga ah: kulliyadaha Academy Austria of Sciences (Phonogrammarchiv der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften), aasaasay 1899 ee Vienna on hindisaha Z. Exner.

F. ee cilmi-nafsiga ee Berlin. Machadka (Phonogrammarchiv am psychologischen Institut), oo la aasaasay 1900 ee hindisaha K. Stumpf. 1906-33 E. von Hornbostel waxa uu ahaa hogaamiyihii. Waxa ku jira duubista muusiga ee ugu qanisan. taariikhda Aasiya, Afrika iyo Lat. Ameerika. Ururinta duubista codka ee Qaranka Prussian. maktabadaha Berlin (Lautabteilung der Preussischen Staatsbibliothek).

Maktabadda muusiga ee Matxafka Anthropological ee Paris. ob-va (Musye phonétique de la Société d Anthropologie, laga soo bilaabo 1911 - Musée de la Parole), kaas oo diiwaannada uu sameeyay A. Gilman lagu ururiyay.

Kaydka Fanka iyo Muusiga Aasaasiga ah ee Xarunta Cilmi-baarista ee Anthropology, Folklore iyo Linguistics (Jaamacadda Gobolka Indiana, Bloomington, Indiana, USA). Sanadkii 1921 kii.

Gudaha USSR F. Nar. Muusigga waxaa la aasaasay 1927 ee Leningrad. Waxay ku salaysan tahay ururinta cajaladaha codbixinta (528 duub oo leh 1700 heeso ah oo la duubay) oo ay sameeyeen EV Gippius iyo ZV Evald (oo ay ka qaybqaateen cilmi-baarayaal AM Astakhova iyo NP Kolpakova) intii lagu jiray safarrada Ruushka. Waqooyi (1926-30). 1931-kii F. waxaa loo wareejiyay nidaamka Akadeemiyada Sayniska ee USSR. Sannadkii 1932-kii, dhammaan ururintii hore oo la duubay muusik ayaa lagu daray. folklore, oo ay ku jiraan Guddiga Musical iyo Ethnographic (ururinta EE Lineva - 432 rollers la duubo heesaha ka Novgorod, Vologda, Nizhny Novgorod, Vladimir iyo Poltava gobollada, folklore ee dadyowga Yugoslavia), ururinta Matxafka Ruush. nar. heeso iyaga. ME Pyatnitsky (400 rollers), maktabadda heesta (100 rollers), maktabadda ee Academy of Sciences ee USSR, iyo sidoo kale machadyada Barashada Oriental, Linguistics, Matxafka Ethnography ee USSR Academy of Sciences, Leningrad. . ilaalinta, iwm Tan iyo 1938 F. (Central Ethnomusicological Academy of Sciences ee USSR) - waax kaaliyaha ee Machadka Rus. Suugaanta Akademiyada Sayniska ee USSR (Pushkin House, Leningrad). In uu ururintiisa (qabsashada mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu horreeya ee phonorepositories adduunka ee folklore) waxaa jira qiyaastii. 70 kun oo qoraal ah (laga bilaabo 1979), oo ay ku jiraan sheeko-dhaqameed ka badan 100 jinsiyadood oo USSR ah iyo dibadda. Wadamada ku jira diiwaanka tan iyo 1894 (ururinta ugu muhiimsan waa Ruush).

Iyada oo ku saleysan walxaha F. ayaa la daabacay: Heesaha Pinezhya, buug. 2, Qalabka Kaydka Sawirada, oo ay soo ururiyeen oo ay horumariyeen EV Gippius iyo ZV Ewald, oo hoos imaanaya tafatirka guud ee. EV Gippius. Moscow, 1937; Xasuuqii Waqooyiga, vol. 1, Mezen iyo Pechora. Duubista, horudhac Fanka. iyo faalo. AM Astakhova, M.-L., 1938; Heesaha dhaqanka ee gobolka Vologda. Sat. diiwaanka cod-bixinta, ed. EV Gippius iyo ZV Evald. Leningrad, 1938; Heesaha dhaqanka ee Belarusiyaanka, ed. ZV Ewald. M.-L., 1941; Heesaha dadweynaha ee Ruushka ayaa lagu duubay Leningrad. gobolka, ed. AM Astakhova iyo FA Rubtsova. L.-M., 1950; Heesaha dhaqanka ee Mari, ed. V. Koukalya, L.-M., 1951; Heesaha Pechora, ed. NP Kolpakova, FV Sokolov, BM Dobrovolsky, M.-L., 1963; Sheekada hiddaha ee Mezen, ed. NP Kolpakova, BM Dobrovolsky, VV Korguzalov, VV Mitrofanov. Leningrad, 1967; Heesaha iyo Sheekooyinka Goobaha Pushkin. Folklore ee gobolka Gorky, ed. VI Eremina, VN Morokhin, MA Lobanova, vol. 1, L., 1979.

Tixraacyo: Paskhalov V., Arrinta ku saabsan duubista phonographic ee heesaha iyo maktabadda heesaha dhexe, ee buugga: Talaabada HYMN. Sat. Shaqooyinka Qaybta Ethnographic, vol. 1, M., 1926; Kaydka Akadeemiyada Sayniska ee USSR, Sat., (vol. 1), L., 1933, p. 195-98; "Soviet Ethnography", 1935, No 2, 3; Minchenko A., Kaydka phono-photo-filim Central ee USSR, "Ganacsiga kaydka", 1935, No 3 (36); Gippius EV, Phonogram-archive ee Qaybta Folklore ee Machadka Anthropology, Ethnography iyo Archeology ee Akadeemiyada Sayniska ee USSR, ee ururinta: suugaanta Soofiyeedka No 4-5, M.-L., 1936; Magid SD, Liiska ururinta phonogram-ka ee qaybta Folklore ee Machadka Archeology iyo Ethnography ee Akademiyada Sayniska ee USSR, ibid.; 50 sano oo Pushkin House, M.-L., 1956 (ch. - Fanka dadweynaha); Katalog der Tonbandaufnahmen… des Phonogrammarchives der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaft ee Wien, W., 1960 Maya Maya 1900-1960).

AT Tevosyan