Carl Millöcker |
Carl Millöcker
Millöcker waa wakiil caan ah oo ka tirsan dugsiga operetta Austria. Aqoon-yahan weyn oo masraxa ah, oo si fiican u yaqaana waxyaabaha gaarka ah ee nooca, isaga, inkasta oo ay la'dahay karti la'aan, wuxuu abuuray mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu sarreeya ee operetta Australiya - "Ardayga Beggar", kaas oo uu si fiican u isticmaalo heesaha qoob ka ciyaarka Viennese iyo heesta. rogmado laxan. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in uusan abuurin wax shaqo ah oo muhiim ah ka hor iyo ka dib Ardayga tuugsada, mahadsanid operetta mid ka mid ah, Millöker wuxuu u qalmaa inuu galo darajooyinka casriga ah ee nooca.
Astaamaha saliimka ah ee Offenbach ayaa inta badan shisheeye u ah curiyaha. Isagu waa hal-hal-abuure, shaqaladiisuna waa majaajillo majaajillo ah oo leh heeso muusig oo Viennese ah, oo leh xaalado maalinle ah iyo astaamo. Muusigiisa, laxanka waltz, march, heesaha Australiyaanka ah ayaa dhawaaqa.
Carl Millöcker Wuxuu ku dhashay Abriil 29, 1842 ee Vienna, oo ka tirsan qoyska dahablaha. Waxa uu waxbarashadiisa muusiga ku qaatay konservatory of Vienna Society of Friends of Music. Sannadkii 1858-kii, waxa uu bilaabay xirfadiisa muusiga isaga oo faneed ka tirsan kooxda masraxa. Isla mar ahaantaana, nin dhalinyaro ah ayaa bilaabay inuu wax ka qoro noocyo kala duwan, laga bilaabo codadka codka ilaa shaqooyinka symphonic ee waaweyn. Waad ku mahadsan tahay taageerada Suppe, oo dareenka u soo jiiday ciyaaryahan karti leh, markii uu jiray laba iyo labaatan jir, wuxuu helay boos masraxa masraxa ee Graz. Halkaa marka hore wuxuu u jeestay operetta, isaga oo abuuray laba riwaayadood oo hal-jil ah - "Guest Dead" iyo "Laba Knitters".
Laga soo bilaabo 1866, wuxuu noqday maareeyaha Tiyaatarka An der Wien, 1868-kiina wuxuu ka dhigay kulankiisii ugu horreeyay ee caasimadda isagoo leh hal-qabad seddexaad ee Chaste Diana, oo ku qoran saameynta cad ee Offenbach. Taas ka dib, operetta ugu horeysay ee habeenkii oo dhan, Island of Women, ayaa lagu soo bandhigay Masraxa Deutsches ee Budapest, taas oo saameynta Suppe ay tahay mid la dareemi karo. Bandhigyadu ma guulaysan, Millöcker, oo maamule ka ahaa Tiyaatarka An der Wien tan iyo 1869kii, ayaa muddo dheer u beddelaya abuurista muusig la socda oo loogu talagalay bandhigyo riwaayado ah.
Dabayaaqadii 70-meeyadii, waxa uu mar kale u jeestay operetta. Midba midka kale, The Enchanted Castle (1878), Countess Dubarry (1879), Apayun (1880), Maid of Belleville (1881) ayaa u muuqda, taas oo ka dhigaysa caan. Shaqada xigta - "Ardayga tuugsada" (1882) - waxay Milloker gelisaa darajooyinka hal-abuurayaasha aadka u wanaagsan ee operetta. Shaqadan waxaa raacaya Wadaadka Regimental, Gasparon (labadaba 1881), Admiral Admiral (1886), Toddobada Swabians (1887), Miskiin Jonathan (1890), Kiss Trial (1894), "Nalka Waqooyi" (1896). Si kastaba ha noqotee, ma kici karaan heerka "Ardayga Miskiinka ah", inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah ay jiraan qaybo muusig oo dhalaalaya oo xiiso leh. Kuwaas, ka dib dhimashadii curiyaha, kaas oo raacay December 31, 1899 ee Vienna, operetta halkii guul "Young Heidelberg" la isku daray.
Marka laga soo tago operettas badan iyo heeso hore oo cod iyo orchestra ah, dhaxalka hal-abuurka Millöker waxaa ka mid ah ballet, piano piano iyo xaddi badan oo muusig oo loogu talagalay vaudeville iyo majaajilada.
L. Mikheva, A. Orelovich
